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  1. SYSTEM FUNCTIONS of OS Kolibri 0.6.4.0
  2.  
  3. Number of the function is located in the register eax.
  4. The call of the system function is executed by "int 0x40" command.
  5. All registers except explicitly declared in the returned value,
  6.     including eflags, are preserved.
  7.  
  8.  
  9. ======================================================================
  10. ============== Function 0 - define and draw the window. ==============
  11. ======================================================================
  12. Defines an application window. Draws a frame of the window, header and
  13. working area. For skinned windows defines standard close and minimize
  14. buttons.
  15. Parameters:
  16.   * eax = 0 - function number
  17.   * ebx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [size on axis x]
  18.   * ecx = [coordinate on axis y]*65536 + [size on axis y]
  19.   * edx = 0xXYRRGGBB, where:
  20.     * Y = style of the window:
  21.       * Y=0 - type I - fixed-size window
  22.       * Y=1 - only define window area, draw nothing
  23.       * Y=2 - type II - variable-size window
  24.       * Y=3 - skinned window
  25.       * other possible values (from 4 up to 15) are reserved,
  26.         function call with such Y is ignored
  27.     * RR, GG, BB = accordingly red, green, blue components of a color
  28.       of the working area of the window (are ignored for style Y=2)
  29.     * X = DCBA (bits)
  30.       * A = 1 - window has caption; for style Y=3 caption string
  31.                   must be passed in edi, for other styles use
  32.                   subfunction 1 of function 71
  33.       * B = 1 - coordinates of all graphics primitives are relative to
  34.                   window client area
  35.       * C = 1 - don't fill working area on window draw
  36.       * D = 0 - normal filling of the working area, 1 - gradient
  37.     The following parameters are intended for windows
  38.     of a type I and II, and ignored for styles Y=1,3:
  39.   * esi = 0xXYRRGGBB - color of the header
  40.     * RR, GG, BB define color
  41.     * Y=0 - usual window, Y=1 - unmovable window
  42.     * X defines a gradient of header: X=0 - no gradient,
  43.       X=8 - usual gradient,
  44.       for windows of a type II X=4 - negative gradient
  45.     * other values of X and Y are reserved
  46.   * edi = 0x00RRGGBB - color of the frame
  47. Returned value:
  48.   * function does not return value
  49. Remarks:
  50.   * Position and sizes of the window are installed by the first
  51.     call of this function and are ignored at subsequent; to change
  52.     position and/or sizes of already created window use function 67.
  53.   * For windows with style Y=3 and caption (A=1) caption string is set
  54.     by the first call of this function and is ignored at subsequent
  55.     (strictly speaking, is ignored after a call to subfunction 2
  56.     of function 12 - end redraw); to change caption of already created
  57.     window use subfunction 1 of function 71.
  58.   * If the window has appropriate styles, position and/or sizes can be
  59.     changed by user. Current position and sizes can be obtained
  60.     by function 9.
  61.   * The window must fit on the screen. If the transferred
  62.     coordinates and sizes do not satisfy to this condition,
  63.     appropriate coordinate (or, probably, both) is considered as zero,
  64.     and if it does not help too, the appropriate size
  65.     (or, probably, both) is installed in a size of the screen.
  66.    
  67.     Further let us designate xpos,ypos,xsize,ysize - values passed
  68.     in ebx,ecx. The coordinates are resulted concerning
  69.     the left upper corner of the window, which, thus, is set as (0,0),
  70.     coordinates of the right lower corner essence (xsize,ysize).
  71.   * The sizes of the window are understood in sence of coordinates
  72.     of the right lower corner. This concerns all other functions too.
  73.     It means, that the real sizes are on 1 pixel more.
  74.   * The window of type I looks as follows:
  75.     * draw external frame of color indicated in edi, 1 pixel in width
  76.     * draw header - rectangle with the left upper corner (1,1) and
  77.       right lower (xsize-1,min(25,ysize)) color indicated in esi
  78.       (taking a gradient into account)
  79.     * if ysize>=26, fill the working area of the window -
  80.       rectangle with the left upper corner (1,21) and right lower
  81.       (xsize-1,ysize-1) (sizes (xsize-1)*(ysize-21)) with color
  82.       indicated in edx (taking a gradient into account)
  83.     * if A=1 and caption has been already set by subfunction 1
  84.       of function 71, it is drawn in the corresponding place of header
  85.   * The window of style Y=1 looks as follows:
  86.     * completely defined by the application
  87.   * The window of type II looks as follows:
  88.     * draw external frame of width 1 pixel with the "shaded" color
  89.       edi (all components of the color decrease twice)
  90.     * draw intermediate frame of width 3 pixels with color edi
  91.     * draw internal frame of width 1 pixel with the "shaded" color edi
  92.     * draw header - rectangle with the left upper corner (4,4)
  93.       and right lower (xsize-4,min(20,ysize)) color, indicated in esi
  94.       (taking a gradient into account)
  95.     * if ysize>=26, fill the working area of the window -
  96.       rectangle with the left upper corner (5,20) and right lower
  97.       (xsize-5,ysize-5) with color indicated in edx
  98.       (taking a gradient into account)
  99.     * if A=1 and caption has been already set by subfunction 1
  100.       of function 71, it is drawn in the corresponding place of header
  101.   * The skinned window looks as follows:
  102.     * draw external frame of width 1 pixel
  103.       with color 'outer' from the skin
  104.     * draw intermediate frame of width 3 pixel
  105.       with color 'frame' from the skin
  106.     * draw internal frame of width 1 pixel
  107.       with color 'inner' from the skin
  108.     * draw header (on bitmaps from the skin) in a rectangle
  109.       (0,0) - (xsize,_skinh-1)
  110.     * if ysize>=26, fill the working area of the window -
  111.       rectangle with the left upper corner (5,_skinh) and right lower
  112.       (xsize-5,ysize-5) with color indicated in edx
  113.       (taking a gradient into account)
  114.     * define two standard buttons: close and minimize
  115.       (see function 8)
  116.     * if A=1 and edi contains (nonzero) pointer to caption string,
  117.       it is drawn in place in header defined in the skin
  118.     * value _skinh is accessible as the result of call
  119.       subfunction 4 of function 48
  120.  
  121. ======================================================================
  122. ================ Function 1 - put pixel in the window. ===============
  123. ======================================================================
  124. Parameters:
  125.   * eax = 1 - function number
  126.   * ebx = x-coordinate (relative to the window)
  127.   * ecx = y-coordinate (relative to the window)
  128.   * edx = 0x00RRGGBB - color of a pixel
  129.     edx = 0x01xxxxxx - invert color of a pixel
  130.           (low 24 bits are ignored)
  131. Returned value:
  132.   * function does not return value
  133.  
  134. ======================================================================
  135. ============ Function 2 - get the code of the pressed key. ===========
  136. ======================================================================
  137. Takes away the code of the pressed key from the buffer.
  138. Parameters:
  139.   * eax = 2 - function number
  140. Returned value:
  141.   * if the buffer is empty, function returns eax=1
  142.   * if the buffer is not empty, function returns al=0,
  143.     ah=code of the pressed key, high word of eax is zero
  144.   * if there is "hotkey", function returns al=2,
  145.     ah=scancode of the pressed key (0 for control keys),
  146.     high word of eax contains a status of control keys at the moment
  147.     of pressing a hotkey
  148. Remarks:
  149.   * There is a common system buffer of the pressed keys
  150.     by a size of 120 bytes, organized as queue.
  151.   * There is one more common system buffer on 120 "hotkeys".
  152.   * If the application with the inactive window calls this function,
  153.     the buffer of the pressed keys is considered to be empty.
  154.   * By default this function returns ASCII-codes; to switch
  155.     to the scancodes mode (and back) use function 66.
  156.     However, hotkeys are always notificated as scancodes.
  157.   * To find out, what keys correspond to what codes, start
  158.     the application keyascii and scancode.
  159.   * Scancodes come directly from keyboard and are fixed;
  160.     ASCII-codes turn out with usage of the conversion tables,
  161.     which can be set by subfunction 2 of function 21
  162.     and get by subfunction 2 of function 26.
  163.   * As a consequence, ASCII-codes take into account current
  164.     keyboard layout (rus/en) as opposed to scancodes.
  165.   * This function notifies only about those hotkeys, which were
  166.     defined by this thread by subfunction 4 of function 66.
  167.  
  168. ======================================================================
  169. ==================== Function 3 - get system time. ===================
  170. ======================================================================
  171. Parameters:
  172.   * eax = 3 - function number
  173. Returned value:
  174.   * eax = 0x00SSMMHH, where HH:MM:SS = Hours:Minutes:Seconds
  175.   * each item is BCD-number, for example,
  176.     for time 23:59:59 function returns 0x00595923
  177. Remarks:
  178.   * See also subfunction 9 of function 26 - get time from
  179.     the moment of start of the system; it is more convenient, because
  180.     returns simply DWORD-value of the time counter.
  181.   * System time can be set by function 22.
  182.  
  183. ======================================================================
  184. ============ Function 4 - draw text string in the window. ============
  185. ======================================================================
  186. Parameters:
  187.   * eax = 4 - function number
  188.   * ebx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [coordinate on axis y]
  189.   * ecx = 0xX0RRGGBB, where
  190.     * RR, GG, BB specify text color
  191.     * X=ABnn (bits):
  192.     * nn specifies the used font: 0=system monospaced,
  193.       1=system font of variable width
  194.     * A=0 - output esi characters, A=1 - output ASCIIZ-string
  195.     * B=1 - fill background with the color edi
  196.   * edx = pointer to the beginning of the string
  197.   * esi = for A=0 length of the string, must not exceed 255;
  198.           for A=1 is ignored
  199. Returned value:
  200.   * function does not return value
  201. Remarks:
  202.   * First system font is read out at loading from the file char.mt,
  203.     second - from char2.mt.
  204.   * Both fonts have height 9 pixels, width of the monospaced font
  205.     is equal to 6 pixels.
  206.  
  207. ======================================================================
  208. ========================= Function 5 - delay. ========================
  209. ======================================================================
  210. Delays execution of the program on the given time.
  211. Parameters:
  212.   * eax = 5 - function number
  213.   * ebx = time in the 1/100 of second
  214. Returned value:
  215.   * function does not return value
  216. Remarks:
  217.   * Passing ebx=0 does not transfer control to the next process
  218.     and does not make any operations at all. If it is really required
  219.     to transfer control to the next process (to complete a current
  220.     time slice), use subfunction 1 of function 68.
  221.   * At current implementation there will be an immediate return from
  222.     the function, if the addition of ebx with current value of
  223.     time counter will call 32-bit overflow.
  224.  
  225. ======================================================================
  226. ============== Function 6 - read the file from ramdisk. ==============
  227. ======================================================================
  228. Parameters:
  229.   * eax = 6 - function number
  230.   * ebx = pointer to the filename
  231.   * ecx = number of start block, beginning from 1;
  232.     ecx=0 - read from the beginning of the file (same as ecx=1)
  233.   * edx = number of blocks to read;
  234.     edx=0 - read one block (same as edx=1)
  235.   * esi = pointer to memory area for the data
  236. Returned value:
  237.   * eax = file size in bytes, if the file was successfully read
  238.   * eax = -1, if the file was not found
  239. Remarks:
  240.   * This function is out-of-date; function 70 allows
  241.     to fulfil the same operations with the extended possibilities.
  242.   * Block = 512 bytes.
  243.   * For reading all file you can specify the certainly large value
  244.     in edx, for example, edx = -1; but in this case be ready that
  245.     the program will "fall", if the file will appear too large and can
  246.     not be placed in the program memory.
  247.   * The filename must be either in the format 8+3 characters
  248.     (first 8 characters - name itself, last 3 - extension,
  249.     the short names and extensions are supplemented with spaces),
  250.     or in the format 8.3 characters "FILE.EXT"/"FILE.EX "
  251.     (name no more than 8 characters, dot, extension 3 characters
  252.     supplemented if necessary by spaces).
  253.     The filename must be written with capital letters. The terminating
  254.     character with code 0 is not necessary (not ASCIIZ-string).
  255.   * This function does not support folders on the ramdisk.
  256.  
  257. ======================================================================
  258. =============== Function 7 - draw image in the window. ===============
  259. ======================================================================
  260. Paramters:
  261.   * eax = 7 - function number
  262.   * ebx = pointer to the image in the format BBGGRRBBGGRR...
  263.   * ecx = [size on axis x]*65536 + [size on axis y]
  264.   * edx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [coordinate on axis y]
  265. Returned value:
  266.   * function does not return value
  267. Remarks:
  268.   * Coordinates of the image are coordinates of the upper left corner
  269.     of the image relative to the window.
  270.   * Size of the image in bytes is 3*xsize*ysize.
  271.  
  272. ======================================================================
  273. =============== Function 8 - define/delete the button. ===============
  274. ======================================================================
  275. Parameters for button definition:
  276.   * eax = 8 - function number
  277.   * ebx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [size on axis x]
  278.   * ecx = [coordinate on axis y]*65536 + [size on axis y]
  279.   * edx = 0xXYnnnnnn, where:
  280.     * nnnnnn = identifier of the button
  281.     * high (31st) bit of edx is cleared
  282.     * if 30th bit of edx is set - do not draw the button
  283.     * if 29th bit of edx is set - do not draw a frame
  284.       at pressing the button
  285.   * esi = 0x00RRGGBB - color of the button
  286. Parameters for button deleting:
  287.   * eax = 8 - function number
  288.   * edx = 0x80nnnnnn, where nnnnnn - identifier of the button
  289. Returned value:
  290.   * function does not return value
  291. Remarks:
  292.   * Sizes of the button must be more than 0 and less than 0x8000.
  293.   * For skinned windows definition of the window
  294.     (call of 0th function) creates two standard buttons -
  295.     for close of the window with identifier 1 and
  296.     for minimize of the window with identifier 0xffff.
  297.   * The creation of two buttons with same identifiers is admitted.
  298.   * The button with the identifier 0xffff at pressing is interpreted
  299.     by the system as the button of minimization, the system handles
  300.     such pressing independently, not accessing to the application.
  301.     In rest it is usual button.
  302.   * Total number of buttons for all applications is limited to 4095.
  303.  
  304. ======================================================================
  305. ============ Function 9 - information on execution thread. ===========
  306. ======================================================================
  307. Parameters:
  308.   * eax = 9 - function number
  309.   * ebx = pointer to 1-Kb buffer
  310.   * ecx = number of the slot of the thread
  311.     ecx = -1 - get information on the current thread
  312. Returned value:
  313.   * eax = maximum number of the slot of a thread
  314.   * buffer pointed to by ebx contains the following information:
  315.     * +0: dword: usage of the processor (how many time units
  316.       per second leaves on execution of this thread)
  317.     * +4: word: position of the window of thread in the window stack
  318.     * +6: word: (has no relation to the specified thread)
  319.       number of the thread slot, which window has in the window stack
  320.       position ecx
  321.     * +8: word: reserved
  322.     * +10 = +0xA: 11 bytes: name of the process
  323.       (name of corresponding executable file in the format 8+3)
  324.     * +21 = +0x15: byte: reserved, this byte is not changed
  325.     * +22 = +0x16: dword: address of the process in memory
  326.     * +26 = +0x1A: dword: size of used memory - 1
  327.     * +30 = +0x1E: dword: identifier (PID/TID)
  328.     * +34 = +0x22: dword: coordinate of the thread window on axis x
  329.     * +38 = +0x26: dword: coordinate of the thread window on axis y
  330.     * +42 = +0x2A: dword: size of the thread window on axis x
  331.     * +46 = +0x2E: dword: size of the thread window on axis y
  332.     * +50 = +0x32: word: status of the thread slot:
  333.       * 0 = thread is running
  334.       * 1 = thread is suspended
  335.       * 2 = thread is suspended while waiting for event
  336.       * 3 = thread is terminating as a result of call to function -1
  337.         or under duress as a result of call to subfunction 2
  338.         of function 18 or termination of the system
  339.       * 4 = thread is terminating as a result of exception
  340.       * 5 = thread waits for event
  341.       * 9 = requested slot is free, all other information on the slot
  342.         is not meaningful
  343.     * +52 = +0x34: word: reserved, this word is not changed
  344.     * +54 = +0x36: dword: coordinate of the client area on axis x
  345.     * +58 = +0x3A: dword: coordinate of the client area on axis y
  346.     * +62 = +0x3E: dword: width of the client area
  347.     * +66 = +0x42: dword: height of the client area
  348.     * +70 = +0x46: byte: state of the window - bitfield
  349.       * bit 0 (mask 1): window is maximized
  350.       * bit 1 (mask 2): window is minimized to panel
  351.       * bit 2 (mask 4): window is rolled up
  352. Remarks:
  353.   * Slots are numbered starting from 1.
  354.   * Returned value is not a total number of threads, because there
  355.     can be free slots.
  356.   * When process is starting, system automatically creates
  357.     execution thread.
  358.   * Function gives information on the thread. Each process has
  359.     at least one thread. One process can create many threads,
  360.     in this case each thread has its own slot and the fields
  361.     +10, +22, +26 in these slots coincide.
  362.     Applications have no common way to define whether two threads
  363.     belong to one process.
  364.   * The active window - window on top of the window stack -
  365.     receives the messages on a keyboard input. For such window
  366.     the position in the window stack coincides with returned value.
  367.   * Slot 1 corresponds to special system thread, for which:
  368.     * the window is in the bottom of the window stack, the fields
  369.       +4 and +6 contain value 1
  370.     * name of the process - "OS/IDLE" (supplemented by spaces)
  371.     * address of the process in memory is 0, size of used memory is
  372.       16 Mb (0x1000000)
  373.     * PID=1
  374.     * coordinates and sizes of the window and the client area are by
  375.       convention set to 0
  376.     * status of the slot is always 0 (running)
  377.     * the execution time adds of time leaving on operations itself
  378.       and idle time in waiting for interrupt (which can be got by call
  379.       to subfunction 4 of function 18).
  380.   * Beginning from slot 2, the normal applications are placed.
  381.   * The normal applications are placed in memory at the address
  382.     0x60400000 (kernel constant 'std_application_base_address').
  383.     There is no intersection, as each process has its own page table.
  384.   * At creation of the thread it is assigned the slot
  385.     in the system table and identifier (Process/Thread IDentifier =
  386.     PID/TID), which do not vary with time for given thread.
  387.     After completion of the thread its slot can be anew used
  388.     for another thread. The thread identifier can not be assigned
  389.     to other thread even after completion of this thread.
  390.     Identifiers, assigned to new threads, grow monotonously.
  391.   * If the thread has not yet defined the window by call to
  392.     function 0, the position and the sizes
  393.     of its window are considered to be zero.
  394.   * Coordinates of the client area are relative to the window.
  395.   * At the moment only the part of the buffer by a size
  396.     71 = 0x37 bytes is used. Nevertheless it is recommended to use
  397.     1-Kb buffer for the future compatibility, in the future
  398.     some fields can be added.
  399.  
  400. ======================================================================
  401. ==================== Function 10 - wait for event. ===================
  402. ======================================================================
  403. If the message queue is empty, waits for appearance of the message
  404. in queue. In this state thread does not consume CPU time.
  405. Then reads out the message from queue.
  406.  
  407. Parameters:
  408.   * eax = 10 - function number
  409. Returned value:
  410.   * eax = event (see the list of events)
  411. Remarks:
  412.   * Those events are taken into account only which enter into
  413.     a mask set by function 40. By default it is
  414.     redraw, key and button events.
  415.   * To check, whether there is a message in queue, use function 11.
  416.     To wait for no more than given time, use function 23.
  417.  
  418. ======================================================================
  419. =============== Function 11 - check for event, no wait. ==============
  420. ======================================================================
  421. If the message queue contains event, function reads out
  422. and return it. If the queue is empty, function returns 0.
  423. Parameters:
  424.   * eax = 11 - function number
  425. Returned value:
  426.   * eax = 0 - message queue is empty
  427.   * else eax = event (see the list of events)
  428. Remarks:
  429.   * Those events are taken into account only, which enter into
  430.     a mask set by function 40. By default it is
  431.     redraw, key and button events.
  432.   * To wait for event, use function 10.
  433.     To wait for no more than given time, use function 23.
  434.  
  435. ======================================================================
  436. =============== Function 12 - begin/end window redraw. ===============
  437. ======================================================================
  438.  
  439. ---------------- Subfunction 1 - begin window redraw. ----------------
  440. Parameters:
  441.   * eax = 12 - function number
  442.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  443. Returned value:
  444.   * function does not return value
  445.  
  446. ----------------- Subfunction 2 - end window redraw. -----------------
  447. Parameters:
  448.   * eax = 12 - function number
  449.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  450. Returned value:
  451.   * function does not return value
  452. Remarks:
  453.   * Subfunction 1 deletes all buttons defined with
  454.     function 8, they must be defined again.
  455.  
  456. ======================================================================
  457. ============ Function 13 - draw a rectangle in the window. ===========
  458. ======================================================================
  459. Parameters:
  460.   * eax = 13 - function number
  461.   * ebx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [size on axis x]
  462.   * ecx = [coordinate on axis y]*65536 + [size on axis y]
  463.   * edx = color 0xRRGGBB or 0x80RRGGBB for gradient fill
  464. Returned value:
  465.   * function does not return value
  466. Remarks:
  467.   * Coordinates are understood as coordinates of the left upper corner
  468.     of a rectangle relative to the window.
  469.  
  470. ======================================================================
  471. =================== Function 14 - get screen size. ===================
  472. ======================================================================
  473. Parameters:
  474.   * eax = 14 - function number
  475. Returned value:
  476.   * eax = [xsize]*65536 + [ysize], where
  477.   * xsize = x-coordinate of the right lower corner of the screen =
  478.             horizontal size - 1
  479.   * ysize = y-coordinate of the right lower corner of the screen =
  480.             vertical size - 1
  481. Remarks:
  482.   * See also subfunction 5 of function 48 - get sizes of
  483.     working area of the screen.
  484.  
  485. ======================================================================
  486. == Function 15, subfunction 1 - set a size of the background image. ==
  487. ======================================================================
  488. Parameters:
  489.   * eax = 15 - function number
  490.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  491.   * ecx = width of the image
  492.   * edx = height of the image
  493. Returned value:
  494.   * function does not return value
  495. Remarks:
  496.   * There is no checks for correctness. The setting of too large
  497.     values will result that the background will contain data abroad
  498.     of buffer for the background image. Buffer size = 0x160000-0x10,
  499.     that corresponds to maximum size 800*600. (800*600*3=0x15F900)
  500.   * For update of the screen (after completion of a series of commands
  501.     working with a background) call subfunction 3.
  502.   * There is a pair function for get size of the background image -
  503.     subfunction 1 of function 39.
  504.  
  505. ======================================================================
  506. === Function 15, subfunction 2 - put pixel on the background image. ==
  507. ======================================================================
  508. Parameters:
  509.   * eax = 15 - function number
  510.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  511.   * ecx = offset
  512.   * edx = color of a pixel 0xRRGGBB
  513. Returned value:
  514.   * function does not return value
  515. Remarks:
  516.   * Offset for a pixel with coordinates (x,y) is calculated as
  517.     (x+y*xsize)*3.
  518.   * If the given offset exceeds 0x160000-16 = 1.375 Mb - 16 bytes,
  519.     the call is ignored.
  520.   * For update of the screen (after completion of a series of commands
  521.     working with a background) call subfunction 3.
  522.   * There is a pair function for get pixel on the background image -
  523.     subfunction 2 of function 39.
  524.  
  525. ======================================================================
  526. =========== Function 15, subfunction 3 - redraw background. ==========
  527. ======================================================================
  528. Parameters:
  529.   * eax = 15 - function number
  530.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  531. Returned value:
  532.   * function does not return value
  533.  
  534. ======================================================================
  535. == Function 15, subfunction 4 - set drawing mode for the background. =
  536. ======================================================================
  537. Parameters:
  538.   * eax = 15 - function number
  539.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  540.   * ecx = drawing mode:
  541.     * 1 = tile
  542.     * 2 = stretch
  543. Returned value:
  544.   * function does not return value
  545. Remarks:
  546.   * For update of the screen (after completion of a series of commands
  547.     working with a background) call subfunction 3.
  548.   * There is a pair function for get drawing mode of the background -
  549.     subfunction 4 of function 39.
  550.  
  551. ======================================================================
  552. ===================== Function 15, subfunction 5 =====================
  553. ============ Put block of pixels on the background image. ============
  554. ======================================================================
  555. Parameters:
  556.   * eax = 15 - function number
  557.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  558.   * ecx = pointer to the data in the format BBGGRRBBGGRR...
  559.   * edx = offset in data of the background image
  560.   * esi = size of data in bytes = 3 * number of pixels
  561. Returned value:
  562.   * function does not return value
  563. Remarks:
  564.   * If the block gets out abroad 0x160000-16 = 1.375 Mb - 16 bytes,
  565.     the call is ignored.
  566.   * Color of each pixel is stored as 3-bytes value BBGGRR.
  567.   * Pixels of the background image are written sequentially
  568.     from left to right, from up to down.
  569.   * Offset of pixel with coordinates (x,y) is (x+y*xsize)*3.
  570.   * For update of the screen (after completion of a series of commands
  571.     working with a background) call subfunction 3.
  572.  
  573. ======================================================================
  574. =============== Function 16 - save ramdisk on a floppy. ==============
  575. ======================================================================
  576. Parameters:
  577.   * eax = 16 - function number
  578.   * ebx = 1 or ebx = 2 - on which floppy save
  579. Returned value:
  580.   * eax = 0 - success
  581.   * eax = 1 - error
  582.  
  583. ======================================================================
  584. ======= Function 17 - get the identifier of the pressed button. ======
  585. ======================================================================
  586. Takes away the code of the pressed button from the buffer.
  587. Parameters:
  588.   * eax = 17 - function number
  589. Returned value:
  590.   * if the buffer is empty, function returns eax=1
  591.   * if the buffer is not empty, function returns al=0,
  592.     high 24 bits of eax contain button identifier (in particular, ah
  593.     contains low byte of the identifier; if all buttons have
  594.     the identifier less than 256, ah is enough to distinguish).
  595. Remarks:
  596.   * "Buffer" keeps only one button, at pressing the new button the
  597.     information about old is lost.
  598.   * The call of this function by an application with inactive window
  599.     will return answer "buffer is empty".
  600.  
  601. ======================================================================
  602. ============ Function 18, subfunction 1 - system shutdown. ===========
  603. ======================================================================
  604. Parameters:
  605.   * eax = 18 - function number
  606.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  607. Returned value:
  608.   * function always return eax = 0 as tag of success
  609. Remarks:
  610.   * On the last step menu of exit from the system appears and waits
  611.     response of the user.
  612.   * See also subfunction 9, system shutdown with
  613.     the parameter to force the choice in the exit menu.
  614.  
  615. ======================================================================
  616. = Function 18, subfunction 2 - terminate process/thread by the slot. =
  617. ======================================================================
  618. Parameters:
  619.   * eax = 18 - function number
  620.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  621.   * ecx = number of the slot of process/thread
  622. Returned value:
  623.   * function does not return value
  624. Remarks:
  625.   * It is impossible to terminate system thread OS/IDLE (with
  626.     number of the slot 1),
  627.     it is possible to terminate any normal process/thread.
  628.   * See also subfunction 18 - terminate
  629.     process/thread by the identifier.
  630.  
  631. ======================================================================
  632. ===================== Function 18, subfunction 3 =====================
  633. ============= Make active the window of the given thread. ============
  634. ======================================================================
  635. Parameters:
  636.   * eax = 18 - function number
  637.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  638.   * ecx = number of the thread slot
  639. Returned value:
  640.   * function does not return value
  641. Remarks:
  642.   * If correct, but nonexistent slot is given,
  643.     some window is made active.
  644.   * To find out, which window is active, use subfunction 7.
  645.  
  646. ======================================================================
  647. ===================== Function 18, subfunction 4 =====================
  648. =========== Get counter of idle time units per one second. ===========
  649. ======================================================================
  650. Idle time units are units, in which the processor stands idle
  651. in waiting for interrupt (in the command 'hlt').
  652.  
  653. Parameters:
  654.   * eax = 18 - function number
  655.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  656. Returned value:
  657.   * eax = value of the counter of idle time units per one second
  658.  
  659. ======================================================================
  660. ========== Function 18, subfunction 5 - get CPU clock rate. ==========
  661. ======================================================================
  662. Parameters:
  663.   * eax = 18 - function number
  664.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  665. Returned value:
  666.   * eax = clock rate (modulo 2^32 clock ticks = 4GHz)
  667.  
  668. ======================================================================
  669.  Function 18, subfunction 6 - save ramdisk to the file on hard drive.
  670. ======================================================================
  671. Parameters:
  672.   * eax = 18 - function number
  673.   * ebx = 6 - subfunction number
  674.   * ecx = pointer to the full path to file
  675.     (for example, "/hd0/1/kolibri/kolibri.img")
  676. Returned value:
  677.   * eax = 0 - success
  678.   * else eax = error code of the file system
  679. Remarks:
  680.   * All folders in the given path must exist, otherwise function
  681.     returns value 5, "file not found".
  682.  
  683. ======================================================================
  684. =========== Function 18, subfunction 7 - get active window. ==========
  685. ======================================================================
  686. Parameters:
  687.   * eax = 18 - function number
  688.   * ebx = 7 - subfunction number
  689. Returned value:
  690.   * eax = number of the active window
  691.     (number of the slot of the thread with active window)
  692. Remarks:
  693.   * Active window is at the top of the window stack and receives
  694.     messages on all keyboard input.
  695.   * To make a window active, use subfunction 3.
  696.  
  697. ======================================================================
  698. == Function 18, subfunction 8 - disable/enable the internal speaker. =
  699. ======================================================================
  700. If speaker sound is disabled, all calls to subfunction 55 of
  701. function 55 are ignored. If speaker sound is enabled,
  702. they are routed on builtin speaker.
  703.  
  704. ------------------- Subsubfunction 1 - get status. -------------------
  705. Parameters:
  706.   * eax = 18 - function number
  707.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  708.   * ecx = 1 - number of the subsubfunction
  709. Returned value:
  710.   * eax = 0 - speaker sound is enabled; 1 - disabled
  711.  
  712. ----------------- Subsubfunction 2 - toggle status. ------------------
  713. Toggles states of disable/enable.
  714. Parameters:
  715.   * eax = 18 - function number
  716.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  717.   * ecx = 2 - number of the subsubfunction
  718. Returned value:
  719.   * function does not return value
  720.  
  721. ======================================================================
  722. == Function 18, subfunction 9 - system shutdown with the parameter. ==
  723. ======================================================================
  724. Parameters:
  725.   * eax = 18 - function number
  726.   * ebx = 9 - subfunction number
  727.   * ecx = parameter:
  728.     * 1 = on the last step of shutdown save ramdisk on a floppy and
  729.       then show the exit menu and request further operations
  730.       from the user
  731.     * 2 = turn off computer
  732.     * 3 = reboot computer
  733.     * 4 = restart the kernel from the file 'kernel.mnt' on ramdisk
  734. Returned value:
  735.   * at incorrect ecx the registers do not change (i.e. eax=18)
  736.   * by correct call function always returns eax=0
  737.     as the tag of success
  738. Remarks:
  739.   * Do not rely on returned value by incorrect call, it can be
  740.     changed in future versions of the kernel.
  741.   * It is possible to use subfunction 1, that on the last step
  742.     the user makes choice himself.
  743.   * It is not recommended to use value ecx=1 (to not irritate the user
  744.     with excessive questions); to save ramdisk on a floppy use
  745.     function 16 (which admits specification, on which floppy to
  746.     write), and to shutdown with the exit menu use already mentioned
  747.     subfunction 1.
  748.  
  749. ======================================================================
  750. ===== Function 18, subfunction 10 - minimize application window. =====
  751. ======================================================================
  752. Minimizes the own window.
  753. Parameters:
  754.   * eax = 18 - function number
  755.   * ebx = 10 - subfunction number
  756. Returned value:
  757.   * function does not return value
  758. Remarks:
  759.   * The minimized window from the point of view of function 9
  760.     keeps position and sizes.
  761.   * Restoring of an application window occurs at its activation by
  762.     subfunction 3.
  763.   * Usually there is no necessity to minimize/restire a window
  764.     obviously: minimization of a window is carried out by the system
  765.     at pressing the minimization button (for skinned windows
  766.     it is defined automatically by function 0,
  767.     for other windows it can be defined manually by function 8),
  768.     restore of a window is done by the application '@panel'.
  769.  
  770. ======================================================================
  771.  Function 18, subfunction 11 - get information on the disk subsystem.
  772. ======================================================================
  773. Parameters:
  774.   * eax = 18 - function number
  775.   * ebx = 11 - subfunction number
  776.   * ecx = type of the table:
  777.     * 1 = short version, 10 bytes
  778.     * 2 = full version, 65536 bytes
  779.   * edx = pointer to the buffer (in the application) for the table
  780. Returned value:
  781.   * function does not return value
  782. Format of the table: short version:
  783.   * +0: byte: information about FDD's (drives for floppies),
  784.     AAAABBBB, where AAAA gives type of the first drive, BBBB -
  785.     of the second regarding to the following list:
  786.     * 0 = there is no drive
  787.     * 1 = 360Kb, 5.25''
  788.     * 2 = 1.2Mb, 5.25''
  789.     * 3 = 720Kb, 3.5''
  790.     * 4 = 1.44Mb, 3.5''
  791.     * 5 = 2.88Mb, 3.5'' (such drives are not used anymore)
  792.     For example, for the standard configuration from one 1.44-drive
  793.     here will be 40h, and for the case 1.2Mb on A: and 1.44Mb on B:
  794.     the value is 24h.
  795.   * +1: byte: information about hard disks and CD-drives, AABBCCDD,
  796.     where AA corresponds to the controller IDE0, ..., DD - IDE3:
  797.     * 0 = device is absent
  798.     * 1 = hard drive
  799.     * 2 = CD-drive
  800.     For example, in the case HD on IDE0 and CD on IDE2
  801.     this field contains 48h.
  802.   * +2: 4 db: number of the retrieved partitions on hard disks
  803.     at accordingly IDE0,...,IDE3.
  804.     If the hard disk on IDEx is absent, appropriate byte is zero,
  805.     otherwise it shows number of the recognized partitions, which
  806.     can be not presented (if the drive is not formatted or if
  807.     the file system is not supported). Current version of the kernel
  808.     supports only FAT16, FAT32 and NTFS for hard disks.
  809.   * +6: 4 db: reserved
  810. Format of the table: full version:
  811.   * +0: 10 db: same as for the short version
  812.   * +10: 100 db: data for the first partition
  813.   * +110: 100 db: data for the second partition
  814.   * ...
  815.   * +10+100*(n-1): 100 db: data for the last partition
  816. The partitions are located as follows: at first sequentially all
  817. recoginzed partitions on HD on IDE0 (if present),
  818. then on HD on IDE1 (if present) and so on up to IDE3.
  819. Format of the information about partition
  820. (at moment only FAT is supported):
  821.   * +0: dword: first physical sector of the partition
  822.   * +4: dword: last physical sector of the partition
  823.     (belongs to the partition)
  824.   * +8: byte: file system type:
  825.     16=FAT16, 32=FAT32, 1=NTFS
  826.   * other data are dependent on file system, are modified with
  827.     kernel modifications and therefore are not described
  828. Remarks:
  829.   * The short table can be used for obtaining the information about
  830.     available devices.
  831.  
  832. ======================================================================
  833. ========== Function 18, subfunction 13 - get kernel version. =========
  834. ======================================================================
  835. Parameters:
  836.   * eax = 18 - function number
  837.   * ebx = 13 - subfunction number
  838.   * ecx = pointer to the buffer (not less than 16 bytes), where
  839.     the information will be placed
  840. Returned value:
  841.   * function does not return value
  842. Structure of the buffer:
  843. db a,b,c,d for version a.b.c.d
  844. db UID_xxx: one of UID_NONE=0, UID_MENUET=1, UID_KOLIBRI=2
  845. db 'name',0 - ASCIIZ-string with the name
  846. For Kolibri 0.6.4.0 kernel:
  847. db 0,6,4,0
  848. db 2
  849. db 'Kolibri',0
  850.  
  851. ======================================================================
  852. ======= Function 18, subfunction 14 - wait for screen retrace. =======
  853. ======================================================================
  854. Waits for the beginning of retrace of the scanning ray of the screen
  855. monitor.
  856. Parameters:
  857.   * eax = 18 - function number
  858.   * ebx = 14 - subfunction number
  859. Returned value:
  860.   * eax = 0 as the tag of success
  861. Remarks:
  862.   * Function is intended only for active high-efficiency graphics
  863.     applications; is used for smooth output of a graphics.
  864.  
  865. ======================================================================
  866. == Function 18, subfunction 15 - center mouse cursor on the screen. ==
  867. ======================================================================
  868. Parameters:
  869.   * eax = 18 - function number
  870.   * ebx = 15 - subfunction number
  871. Returned value:
  872.   * eax = 0 as the tag of success
  873.  
  874. ======================================================================
  875. ========= Function 18, subfunction 16 - get size of free RAM. ========
  876. ======================================================================
  877. Parameters:
  878.   * eax = 18 - function number
  879.   * ebx = 16 - subfunction number
  880. Returned value:
  881.   * eax = size of free memory in kilobytes
  882.  
  883. ======================================================================
  884. ======== Function 18, subfunction 17 - get full amount of RAM. =======
  885. ======================================================================
  886. Parameters:
  887.   * eax = 18 - function number
  888.   * ebx = 17 - subfunction number
  889. Returned value:
  890.   * eax = total size of existing memory in kilobytes
  891.  
  892. ======================================================================
  893. ===================== Function 18, subfunction 18 ====================
  894. ============= Terminate process/thread by the identifier. ============
  895. ======================================================================
  896. Parameters:
  897.   * eax = 18 - function number
  898.   * ebx = 18 - subfunction number
  899.   * ecx = identifer of process/thread (PID/TID)
  900. Returned value:
  901.   * eax = 0 - success
  902.   * eax = -1 - error (process is not found or is system)
  903. Remarks:
  904.   * It is impossible to terminate system thread OS/IDLE (identifier
  905.     1), it is possible to terminate any normal process/thread.
  906.   * See also subfunction 2 - terminate
  907.     process/thread by given slot.
  908.  
  909. ======================================================================
  910. ======== Function 18, subfunction 19 - get/set mouse features. =======
  911. ======================================================================
  912.  
  913. ---------------- Subsubfunction 0 - get mouse speed. -----------------
  914. Parameters:
  915.   * eax = 18 - function number
  916.   * ebx = 19 - subfunction number
  917.   * ecx = 0 - subsubfunction number
  918. Returned value:
  919.   * eax = current mouse speed
  920.  
  921. ---------------- Subsubfunction 1 - set mouse speed. -----------------
  922. Parameters:
  923.   * eax = 18 - function number
  924.   * ebx = 19 - subfunction number
  925.   * ecx = 1 - subsubfunction number
  926.   * edx = new value for speed
  927. Returned value:
  928.   * function does not return value
  929.  
  930. ---------------- Subsubfunction 2 - get mouse delay. -----------------
  931. Parameters:
  932.   * eax = 18 - function number
  933.   * ebx = 19 - subfunction number
  934.   * ecx = 2 - subsubfunction number
  935. Returned value:
  936.   * eax = current mouse delay
  937.  
  938. ---------------- Subsubfunction 3 - set mouse delay. -----------------
  939. Parameters:
  940.   * eax = 18 - function number
  941.   * ebx = 19 - subfunction number
  942.   * ecx = 3 - subsubfunction number
  943.   * edx = new value for mouse delay
  944. Returned value:
  945.   * function does not return value
  946.  
  947. ----------- Subsubfunction 4 - set mouse pointer position. -----------
  948. Parameters:
  949.   * eax = 18 - function number
  950.   * ebx = 19 - subfunction number
  951.   * ecx = 4 - subsubfunction number
  952.   * edx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [coordinate on axis y]
  953. Returned value:
  954.   * function does not return value
  955. Remarks:
  956.   * It is recommended to set speed of the mouse (in subsubfunction 1)
  957.     from 1 up to 9. The installed value is not inspected by the kernel
  958.     code, so set it carefully, at incorrect value the cursor
  959.     can "freeze". Speed of the mouse can be regulated through the
  960.     application SETUP.
  961.   * Recommended delay of the mouse (in subsubfunction 3) = 10. Lower
  962.     value is not handled by COM mice. At the very large values the
  963.     movement of the mouse on 1 pixel is impossible and the cursor will
  964.     jump on the value of installed speed (subsubfunction 1). The
  965.     installed value is not inspected by the kernel code.
  966.     Mouse delay can be regulated through the application SETUP.
  967.   * The subsubfunction 4 does not check the passed value. Before
  968.     its call find out current screen resolution (with function 14)
  969.     and check that the value of position is inside the limits of the
  970.     screen.
  971.  
  972. ======================================================================
  973. ======== Function 18, subfunction 20 - get information on RAM. =======
  974. ======================================================================
  975. Parameters:
  976.   * eax = 18 - function number
  977.   * ebx = 20 - subfunction number
  978.   * ecx = pointer to the buffer for information (36 bytes)
  979. Returned value:
  980.   * eax = total size of existing RAM in pages
  981.     or -1 if error has occured
  982.   * buffer pointed to by ecx contains the following information:
  983.     * +0:  dword: total size of existing RAM in pages
  984.     * +4:  dword: size of free RAM in pages
  985.     * +8:  dword: number of page faults (exceptions #PF)
  986.                  in applications
  987.     * +12: dword: size of kernel heap in bytes
  988.     * +16: dword: free in kernel heap in bytes
  989.     * +20: dword: total number of memory blocks in kernel heap
  990.     * +24: dword: number of free memory blocks in kernel heap
  991.     * +28: dword: size of maximum free block in kernel heap
  992.                  (reserved)
  993.     * +32: dword: size of maximum allocated block in kernel heap
  994.                  (reserved)
  995.  
  996. ======================================================================
  997. ==================== Function 20 - MIDI interface. ===================
  998. ======================================================================
  999.  
  1000. ----------------------- Subfunction 1 - reset ------------------------
  1001. Parameters:
  1002.   * eax = 20 - function number
  1003.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  1004.  
  1005. -------------------- Subfunction 2 - output byte ---------------------
  1006. Parameters:
  1007.   * eax = 20 - function number
  1008.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  1009.   * cl = byte for output
  1010. Returned value (is the same for both subfunctions):
  1011.   * eax = 0 - success
  1012.   * eax = 1 - base port is not defined
  1013. Remarks:
  1014.   * Previously the base port must be defined by
  1015.     subfunction 1 of function 21.
  1016.  
  1017. ======================================================================
  1018. ======== Function 21, subfunction 1 - set MPU MIDI base port. ========
  1019. ======================================================================
  1020. Parameters:
  1021.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1022.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  1023.   * ecx = number of base port
  1024. Returned value
  1025.   * eax = 0 - success
  1026.   * eax = -1 - erratic number of a port
  1027. Remarks:
  1028.   * Number of a port must satisfy to conditions 0x100<=ecx<=0xFFFF.
  1029.   * The installation of base is necessary for function 20.
  1030.   * To get base port use subfunction 1 of function 26.
  1031.  
  1032. ======================================================================
  1033. ========== Function 21, subfunction 2 - set keyboard layout. =========
  1034. ======================================================================
  1035. Keyboard layout is used to convert keyboard scancodes to ASCII-codes,
  1036. which will be read by function 2.
  1037. Parameters:
  1038.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1039.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  1040.   * ecx = which layout to set:
  1041.     * 1 = normal layout
  1042.     * 2 = layout at pressed Shift
  1043.     * 3 = layout at pressed Alt
  1044.   * edx = pointer to layout - table of length 128 bytes
  1045. Or:
  1046.   * ecx = 9
  1047.   * dx = country identifier (1=eng, 2=fi, 3=ger, 4=rus)
  1048. Returned value:
  1049.   * eax = 0 - success
  1050.   * eax = 1 - incorrect parameter
  1051. Remarks:
  1052.   * If Alt is pressed, the layout with Alt is used;
  1053.     if Alt is not pressed, but Shift is pressed,
  1054.     the layout with Shift is used;
  1055.     if Alt and Shift are not pressed, but Ctrl is pressed, the normal
  1056.     layout is used and then from the code is subtracted 0x60;
  1057.     if no control key is pressed, the normal layout is used.
  1058.   * To get layout and country identifier use
  1059.     subfunction 2 of function 26.
  1060.   * Country identifier is global system variable, which is not used
  1061.     by the kernel itself; however the application '@panel' displays
  1062.     the corresponding icon.
  1063.   * The application @panel switches layouts on user request.
  1064.  
  1065. ======================================================================
  1066. ============== Function 21, subfunction 3 - set CD base. =============
  1067. ======================================================================
  1068. Parameters:
  1069.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1070.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  1071.   * ecx = CD base: 1=IDE0, 2=IDE1, 3=IDE2, 4=IDE3
  1072. Returned value:
  1073.   * eax = 0
  1074. Remarks:
  1075.   * CD base is used by function 24.
  1076.   * To get CD base use subfunction 3 of function 26.
  1077.  
  1078. ======================================================================
  1079. ====== Function 21, subfunction 4 - set Sound Blaster base port. =====
  1080. ======================================================================
  1081. Parameters:
  1082.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1083.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  1084.   * ecx = number of the base port
  1085. Returned value:
  1086.   * eax = 0 - success
  1087.   * eax = -1 - erratic port number
  1088. Remarks:
  1089.   * Number of the port must satisfy to conditions 0x100<=ecx<=0xFFFF.
  1090.   * The installation of the base is necessary for
  1091.     functions 25, 28, 55.
  1092.   * To get base port use subfunction 4 of function 26.
  1093.  
  1094. ======================================================================
  1095. ========== Function 21, subfunction 5 - set system language. =========
  1096. ======================================================================
  1097. Parameters:
  1098.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1099.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  1100.   * ecx = system language (1=eng, 2=fi, 3=ger, 4=rus)
  1101. Returned value:
  1102.   * eax = 0
  1103. Remarks:
  1104.   * System language is global system variable and is not used
  1105.     by the kernel itself, however application @panel draws the
  1106.     appropriate icon.
  1107.   * Function does not check for correctness, as the kernel does not
  1108.     use this variable.
  1109.   * To get system language use subfunction 5 of function 26.
  1110.  
  1111. ======================================================================
  1112. ============== Function 21, subfunction 7 - set HD base. =============
  1113. ======================================================================
  1114. The HD base defines hard disk to write with usage of obsolete
  1115. file system functions and functions implicitly using the hard disk
  1116. (such as subfunction 6 of function 18);
  1117. at usage of function 58 and 70 and modern syntax /HD0,/HD1,/HD2,/HD3
  1118. these function set base themselves.
  1119. Parameters:
  1120.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1121.   * ebx = 7 - subfunction number
  1122.   * ecx = HD base: 1=IDE0, 2=IDE1, 3=IDE2, 4=IDE3
  1123. Returned value:
  1124.   * eax = 0
  1125. Remarks:
  1126.   * Any application at any time can change the base.
  1127.   * Do not change base, when any application works with hard disk.
  1128.     If you do not want system bugs.
  1129.   * To get HD base use subfunction 7 of function 26.
  1130.   * It is also necessary to define used partition of hard disk by
  1131.     subfunction 8.
  1132.  
  1133. ======================================================================
  1134. ========= Function 21, subfunction 8 - set used HD partition. ========
  1135. ======================================================================
  1136. The HD partition defines partition of the hard disk to write with
  1137. usage of obsolete file system functions and functions implicitly
  1138. using the hard disk (such as subfunction 6 of function 18);
  1139. at usage of functions 58 and 70 and modern syntax /HD0,/HD1,/HD2,/HD3
  1140. these functions set base and partition themselves.
  1141. Parameters:
  1142.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1143.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  1144.   * ecx = HD partition (beginning from 1)
  1145. Return value:
  1146.   * eax = 0
  1147. Remarks:
  1148.   * Any application at any time can change partition.
  1149.   * Do not change partition when any application works with hard disk.
  1150.     If you do not want system bugs.
  1151.   * To get used partition use subfunction 8 of function 26.
  1152.   * There is no correctness checks.
  1153.   * To get the number of partitions of a hard disk use
  1154.     subfunction 11 of function 18.
  1155.   * It is also necessary to define used HD base by subfunction 7.
  1156.  
  1157. ======================================================================
  1158. ======== Function 21, subfunction 10 - set sound DMA channel. ========
  1159. ======================================================================
  1160. Parameters:
  1161.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1162.   * ebx = 10 - subfunction number
  1163.   * ecx = number of channel (from 0 up to 3 inclusively)
  1164. Returned value:
  1165.   * eax = 0 - success
  1166.   * eax = -1 - incorrect channel number
  1167. Remarks:
  1168.   * Number of DMA channel is used in subfunction 1 of function 55.
  1169.   * To get sound DMA channel use subfunction 10 of function 26.
  1170.  
  1171. ======================================================================
  1172.  Function 21, subfunction 11 - enable/disable low-level access to HD.
  1173. ======================================================================
  1174. Parameters:
  1175.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1176.   * ebx = 11 - subfunction number
  1177.   * ecx = 0/1 - disable/enable
  1178. Returned value:
  1179.   * eax = 0
  1180. Remarks:
  1181.   * Is used in LBA-read (subfunction 8 of function 58).
  1182.   * The current implementation uses only low bit of ecx.
  1183.   * To get current status use subfunction 11 of function 26.
  1184.  
  1185. ======================================================================
  1186.  Function 21, subfunction 12 - enable/disable low-level access to PCI.
  1187. ======================================================================
  1188. Parameters:
  1189.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1190.   * ebx = 12 - subfunction number
  1191.   * ecx = 0/1 - disable/enable
  1192. Returned value:
  1193.   * eax = 0
  1194. Remarks:
  1195.   * Is used in operations with PCI bus (function 62).
  1196.   * The current implementation uses only low bit of ecx.
  1197.   * To get current status use subfunction 12 of function 26.
  1198.  
  1199. ======================================================================
  1200. ============ Function 21, subfunction 13, subsubfunction 1 ===========
  1201. ======== Initialize + get information on the driver vmode.mdr. =======
  1202. ======================================================================
  1203. Parameters:
  1204.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1205.   * ebx = 13 - subfunction number
  1206.   * ecx = 1 - number of the driver function
  1207.   * edx = pointer to 512-bytes buffer
  1208. Returned value:
  1209.   * if driver is not loaded
  1210.     (never happens in the current implementation):
  1211.     * eax = -1
  1212.     * ebx, ecx destroyed
  1213.   * if driver is loaded:
  1214.     * eax = 'MDAZ' (in fasm style, that is 'M' - low byte, 'Z' - high)
  1215.       - signature
  1216.     * ebx = current frequency of the scanning (in Hz)
  1217.     * ecx destroyed
  1218.     * buffer pointed to by edx is filled
  1219. Format of the buffer:
  1220.   * +0: 32*byte: driver name, "Trans VideoDriver"
  1221.     (without quotes, supplemented by spaces)
  1222.   * +32 = +0x20: dword: driver version (version x.y is encoded as
  1223.     y*65536+x), for the current implementation is 1 (1.0)
  1224.   * +36 = +0x24: 7*dword: reserved (0 in the current implementation)
  1225.   * +64 = +0x40: 32*word: list of supported videomodes (each word
  1226.     is number of a videomode, after list itself there are zeroes)
  1227.   * +128 = +0x80: 32*(5*word): list of supported frequences of the
  1228.     scannings for videomodes: for each videomode listed in the
  1229.     previous field up to 5 supported frequences are given
  1230.     (unused positions contain zeroes)
  1231. Remarks:
  1232.   * Function initializes the driver (if it is not initialized yet)
  1233.     and must be called first, before others (otherwise they will do
  1234.     nothing and return -1).
  1235.   * The current implementation supports only one frequency
  1236.     of the scanning on videomode.
  1237.  
  1238. ======================================================================
  1239. ============ Function 21, subfunction 13, subsubfunction 2 ===========
  1240. ================ Get information on current videomode. ===============
  1241. ======================================================================
  1242. Parameters:
  1243.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1244.   * ebx = 13 - subfunction number
  1245.   * ecx = 2 - number of the driver function
  1246. Returned value:
  1247.   * eax = -1 - driver is not loaded or not initialized;
  1248.     ebx,ecx are destroyed
  1249.   * eax = [width]*65536 + [height]
  1250.   * ebx = frequency of the vertical scanning (in Hz)
  1251.   * ecx = number of current videomode
  1252. Remarks:
  1253.   * Driver must be initialized by call to
  1254.     driver function 1.
  1255.   * If only screen sizes are required, it is more expedient to use
  1256.     function 14 taking into account that it
  1257.     returns sizes on 1 less.
  1258.  
  1259. ======================================================================
  1260. === Function 21, subfunction 13, subsubfunction 3 - set videomode. ===
  1261. ======================================================================
  1262. Parameters:
  1263.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1264.   * ebx = 13 - subfunction number
  1265.   * ecx = 3 - number of the driver function
  1266.   * edx = [scanning frequency]*65536 + [videomode number]
  1267. Returned value:
  1268.   * eax = -1 - driver is not loaded, not initialized or
  1269.     an error has occured
  1270.   * eax = 0 - success
  1271.   * ebx, ecx destroyed
  1272. Remarks:
  1273.   * Driver must be initialized by driver function 1.
  1274.   * The videomode number and frequency must be in the table
  1275.     returned by driver function 1.
  1276.  
  1277. ======================================================================
  1278. ============ Function 21, subfunction 13, subsubfunction 4 ===========
  1279. ================== Return to the initial videomode. ==================
  1280. ======================================================================
  1281. Returns the screen to the videomode set at system boot.
  1282. Parameters:
  1283.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1284.   * ebx = 13 - subfunction number
  1285.   * ecx = 4 - number of the driver function
  1286. Returned value:
  1287.   * eax = -1 - driver is not loaded or not initialized
  1288.   * eax = 0 - success
  1289.   * ebx, ecx destroyed
  1290. Remarks:
  1291.   * Driver must be initialized by call to driver function 1.
  1292.  
  1293. ======================================================================
  1294. ============ Function 21, subfunction 13, subsubfunction 5 ===========
  1295. ===== Increase/decrease the size of the visible area of monitor. =====
  1296. ======================================================================
  1297. Parameters:
  1298.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1299.   * ebx = 13 - subfunction number
  1300.   * ecx = 5 - number of the driver function
  1301.   * edx = 0/1 - decrease/increase horizontal size on 1 position
  1302.   * edx = 2/3 - is not supported in the current implementation;
  1303.     is planned as decrease/increase vertical size on 1 position
  1304. Returned value:
  1305.   * eax = -1 - driver is not loaded or not initialized
  1306.   * eax = 0 - success
  1307.   * ebx, ecx destroyed
  1308. Remarks:
  1309.   * Driver must be initialized by call to driver function 1.
  1310.   * Function influences only the physical size of the screen image;
  1311.     the logical size (number of pixels) does not change.
  1312.  
  1313. ======================================================================
  1314. ================= Function 22 - set system date/time. ================
  1315. ======================================================================
  1316. Parameters:
  1317.   * eax = 22 - function number
  1318.   * ebx = 0 - set time
  1319.     * ecx = 0x00SSMMHH - time in the binary-decimal code (BCD):
  1320.     * HH=hour 00..23
  1321.     * MM=minute 00..59
  1322.     * SS=second 00..59
  1323.   * ebx = 1 - set date
  1324.     * ecx = 0x00DDMMYY - date in the binary-decimal code (BCD):
  1325.     * DD=day 01..31
  1326.     * MM=month 01..12
  1327.     * YY=year 00..99
  1328.   * ebx = 2 - set day of week
  1329.     * ecx = 1 for Sunday, ..., 7 for Saturday
  1330.   * ebx = 3 - set alarm clock
  1331.     * ecx = 0x00SSMMHH
  1332. Returned value:
  1333.   * eax = 0 - success
  1334.   * eax = 1 - incorrect parameter
  1335.   * eax = 2 - CMOS-battery was unloaded
  1336. Remarks:
  1337.   * Value of installation of day of week seems to be doubtful,
  1338.     as it a little where is used
  1339.     (day of week can be calculated by date).
  1340.   * Alarm clock can be set on operation in the given time every day.
  1341.     But there is no existing system function to disable it.
  1342.   * Operation of alarm clock consists in generation IRQ8.
  1343.   * Generally CMOS supports for alarm clock set of value 0xFF
  1344.     as one of parameters and it means that the appropriate parameter
  1345.     is ignored. But current implementation does not allow this
  1346.     (will return 1).
  1347.   * Alarm clock is a global system resource; the set of
  1348.     an alarm clock cancels automatically the previous set.
  1349.     However, at moment no program uses it.
  1350.  
  1351. ======================================================================
  1352. ============= Function 23 - wait for event with timeout. =============
  1353. ======================================================================
  1354. If the message queue is empty, waits for new message in the queue,
  1355. but no more than given time. Then reads out a message from the queue.
  1356.  
  1357. Parameters:
  1358.   * eax = 23 - function number
  1359.   * ebx = timeout (in 1/100 of second)
  1360. Returned value:
  1361.   * eax = 0 - the message queue is empty
  1362.   * otherwise eax = event (see the list of events)
  1363. Remarks:
  1364.   * Only those events are taken into account, which enter into
  1365.     the mask set by function 40. By default it is
  1366.     redraw, key and button events.
  1367.   * To check for presence of a message in the queue use function 11.
  1368.     To wait without timeout use function 10.
  1369.   * Transmission ebx=0 results in immediate returning eax=0.
  1370.   * Current implementation returns immediately with eax=0,
  1371.     if the addition of ebx with the current value of time counter
  1372.     makes 32-bit overflow.
  1373.  
  1374. ======================================================================
  1375. ======== Function 24, subfunction 1 - begin to play CD-audio. ========
  1376. ======================================================================
  1377. Parameters:
  1378.   * eax = 24 - function number
  1379.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  1380.   * ecx = 0x00FRSSMM, where
  1381.     * MM = starting minute
  1382.     * SS = starting second
  1383.     * FR = starting frame
  1384. Returned value:
  1385.   * eax = 0 - success
  1386.   * eax = 1 - CD base is not defined
  1387. Remarks:
  1388.   * Previously CD base must be defined by the call to
  1389.     subfunction 3 of function 21.
  1390.   * One second includes 75 frames, one minute includes 60 seconds.
  1391.   * The function is asynchronous (returns control, when play begins).
  1392.  
  1393. ======================================================================
  1394. ======= Function 24, subfunction 2 - get information on tracks. ======
  1395. ======================================================================
  1396. Parameters:
  1397.   * eax = 24 - function number
  1398.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  1399.   * ecx = pointer to the buffer for the table
  1400.     (maximum 8*64h+4 bytes=100 tracks)
  1401. Returned value:
  1402.   * eax = 0 - success
  1403.   * eax = 1 - CD base is not defined
  1404. Remarks:
  1405.   * The format of the table with tracks information is the same as
  1406.     for ATAPI-CD command 43h (READ TOC), usual table (subcommand 00h).
  1407.     Function returns addresses in MSF.
  1408.   * Previously CD base port must be set by call to
  1409.     subfunction 3 of function 21.
  1410.   * Function returns information only about no more than 100
  1411.     first tracks. In most cases it is enough.
  1412.  
  1413. ======================================================================
  1414. ========== Function 24, subfunction 3 - stop play CD-audio. ==========
  1415. ======================================================================
  1416. Parameters:
  1417.   * eax = 24 - function number
  1418.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  1419. Returned value:
  1420.   * eax = 0 - success
  1421.   * eax = 1 - CD base is not defined
  1422. Çàìå÷àíèÿ:
  1423.   * Previously CD base port must be defined by call to
  1424.     subfunction 3 of function 21.
  1425.  
  1426. ======================================================================
  1427. =================== Function 25 - set SBPro volume. ==================
  1428. ======================================================================
  1429. Parameters:
  1430.   * eax = 25 - function number
  1431.   * ebx = what to set:
  1432.     * 1 - set common volume
  1433.     * 2 - set CD-audio volume
  1434.   * cl = volume level: high 4 bits for the left column,
  1435.     low 4 bits for the right one
  1436. Returned value:
  1437.   * eax = 0 - success
  1438.   * eax = 1 - SB base is not defined
  1439.   * eax = 2 - incorrect subfunction
  1440. Remarks:
  1441.   * Previously SB base port must be defined by
  1442.     subfunction 4 of function 21.
  1443.   * See also function 28 which sets
  1444.     volume for the later standard SB16.
  1445.  
  1446. ======================================================================
  1447. ======== Function 26, subfunction 1 - get MPU MIDI base port. ========
  1448. ======================================================================
  1449. Parameters:
  1450.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1451.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  1452. Returned value:
  1453.   * eax = port number
  1454. Parameters:
  1455.   * To set base port use subfunction 1 of function 21.
  1456.  
  1457. ======================================================================
  1458. ========== Function 26, subfunction 2 - get keyboard layout. =========
  1459. ======================================================================
  1460. The keyboard layout is used to convert keyboard scancodes to
  1461. ASCII-codes for function 2.
  1462. Parameters:
  1463.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1464.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  1465.   * ecx = what layout to get:
  1466.     * 1 = normal layout
  1467.     * 2 = layout with pressed Shift
  1468.     * 3 = layout with pressed Alt
  1469.   * edx = pointer to the 128-bytes buffer, where the layout will be
  1470.     copied
  1471. Returned value:
  1472.   * function does not return value
  1473. Or:
  1474.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1475.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  1476.   * ecx = 9
  1477. Returned value:
  1478.   * eax = country identifier (1=eng, 2=fi, 3=ger, 4=rus)
  1479. Remarks:
  1480.   * If Alt is pressed, the layout with Alt is used;
  1481.     if Alt is not pressed, but Shift is pressed,
  1482.     the layout with Shift is used;
  1483.     if Alt and Shift are not pressed, but Ctrl is pressed, the normal
  1484.     layout is used and then from the code is subtracted 0x60;
  1485.     if no control key is pressed, the normal layout is used.
  1486.   * To set layout and country identifier use
  1487.     subfunction 2 of function 21.
  1488.   * Country identifier is global system variable, which is not used
  1489.     by the kernel itself; however the application '@panel' displays
  1490.     the corresponding icon (using this function).
  1491.   * The application @panel switches layouts on user request.
  1492.  
  1493. ======================================================================
  1494. ============== Function 26, subfunction 3 - get CD base. =============
  1495. ======================================================================
  1496. Parameters:
  1497.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1498.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  1499. Returned value:
  1500.   * eax = CD base: 1=IDE0, 2=IDE1, 3=IDE2, 4=IDE3
  1501. Remarks:
  1502.   * CD base is used by function 24.
  1503.   * To set CD base use subfunction 3 of function 21.
  1504.  
  1505. ======================================================================
  1506. ====== Function 26, subfunction 4 - get Sound Blaster base port. =====
  1507. ======================================================================
  1508. Parameters:
  1509.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1510.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  1511. Returned value:
  1512.   * eax = base port number
  1513. Remarks:
  1514.   * Bae port is used by functions 25, 55.
  1515.   * To set base port use subfunction 4 of function 21.
  1516.  
  1517. ======================================================================
  1518. ========== Function 26, subfunction 5 - get system language. =========
  1519. ======================================================================
  1520. Parameters:
  1521.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1522.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  1523. Returned value:
  1524.   * eax = system language (1=eng, 2=fi, 3=ger, 4=rus)
  1525. Remarks:
  1526.   * System language is global system variable and is not used
  1527.     by the kernel itself, however application @panel draws the
  1528.     appropriate icon (using this function).
  1529.   * To set system language use subfunction 5 of function 21.
  1530.  
  1531. ======================================================================
  1532. ============== Function 26, subfunction 7 - get HD base. =============
  1533. ======================================================================
  1534. The HD base defines hard disk to write with usage of obsolete
  1535. file system functions and functions implicitly using the hard disk
  1536. (such as subfunction 6 of function 18);
  1537. at usage of function 58 and 70 and modern syntax /HD0,/HD1,/HD2,/HD3
  1538. these function set base themselves.
  1539. Parameters:
  1540.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1541.   * ebx = 7 - subfunction number
  1542. Returned value:
  1543.   * eax = HD base: 1=IDE0, 2=IDE1, 3=IDE2, 4=IDE3
  1544. Remarks:
  1545.   * Any application in any time can change HD base.
  1546.   * To set base use subfunction 7 of function 21.
  1547.   * To get used partition of hard disk use subfunction 8.
  1548.  
  1549. ======================================================================
  1550. ========= Function 26, subfunction 8 - get used HD partition. ========
  1551. ======================================================================
  1552. The HD partition defines partition of the hard disk to write with
  1553. usage of obsolete file system functions and functions implicitly
  1554. using the hard disk (such as subfunction 6 of function 18);
  1555. at usage of functions 58 and 70 and modern syntax /HD0,/HD1,/HD2,/HD3
  1556. these functions set base and partition themselves.
  1557. Parameters:
  1558.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1559.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  1560. Returned value:
  1561.   * eax = HD partition (beginning from 1)
  1562. Remarks:
  1563.   * Any application in any time can change partition.
  1564.   * To set partition use subfunction 8 of function 21.
  1565.   * To get number of partitions on a hard disk use
  1566.     subfunction 11 of function 18.
  1567.   * To get base of used hard disk, use subfunction 7.
  1568.  
  1569. ======================================================================
  1570. === Function 26, subfunction 9 - get the value of the time counter. ==
  1571. ======================================================================
  1572. Parameters:
  1573.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1574.   * ebx = 9 - subfunction number
  1575. Returned value:
  1576.   * eax = number of 1/100s of second, past from the system boot time
  1577. Remarks:
  1578.   * Counter takes modulo 2^32, that correspond to a little more
  1579.     than 497 days.
  1580.   * To get system time use function 3.
  1581.  
  1582. ======================================================================
  1583. ======== Function 26, subfunction 10 - get sound DMA channel. ========
  1584. ======================================================================
  1585. Parameters:
  1586.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1587.   * ebx = 10 - subfunction number
  1588. Returned value:
  1589.   * eax = number of the channel (from 0 to 3 inclusive)
  1590. Remarks:
  1591.   * Number of the DMA channel is used by subfunction 1 of function 55.
  1592.   * To set the sound DMA channel use subfunction 10 of function 21.
  1593.  
  1594. ======================================================================
  1595. ===================== Function 26, subfunction 11 ====================
  1596. ========== Find out whether low-level HD access is enabled. ==========
  1597. ======================================================================
  1598. Parameters:
  1599.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1600.   * ebx = 11 - subfunction number
  1601. Returned value:
  1602.   * eax = 0/1 - disabled/enabled
  1603. Remarks:
  1604.   * Is used in LBA read (subfunction 8 of function 58).
  1605.   * To set current state use subfunction 11 of function 21.
  1606.  
  1607. ======================================================================
  1608. ===================== Function 26, subfunction 12 ====================
  1609. ========== Find out whether low-level PCI access is enabled. =========
  1610. ======================================================================
  1611. Parameters:
  1612.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1613.   * ebx = 12 - subfunction number
  1614. Returned value:
  1615.   * eax = 0/1 - disabled/enabled
  1616. Remarks:
  1617.   * Is used by operations with PCI bus (function 62).
  1618.   * The current implementation uses only low bit of ecx.
  1619.   * To set the current state use subfunction 12 of function 21.
  1620.  
  1621. ======================================================================
  1622. =================== Function 28 - set SB16 volume. ===================
  1623. ======================================================================
  1624. Parameters:
  1625.   * eax = 28 - function number
  1626.   * ebx = what to install:
  1627.     * 1 - install common volume
  1628.     * 2 - install CD-audio volume
  1629.   * cl = volume level (0=off, 0xFF=max)
  1630. Returned value:
  1631.   * eax = 0 - success
  1632.   * eax = 1 - SB base is not defined
  1633.   * eax = 2 - incorrect subfunction
  1634. Remarks:
  1635.   * Previously SB base port must be defined by
  1636.     subfunction 4 of function 21.
  1637.   * This function gives more variants for volume, that function 25.
  1638.  
  1639. ======================================================================
  1640. =================== Function 29 - get system date. ===================
  1641. ======================================================================
  1642. Parameters:
  1643.   * eax = 29 - function number
  1644. Returned value:
  1645.   * eax = 0x00DDMMYY, where
  1646.     (binary-decimal coding, BCD, is used)
  1647.   * YY = two low digits of year (00..99)
  1648.   * MM = month (01..12)
  1649.   * DD = day (01..31)
  1650. Remarks:
  1651.   * To set system date use function 22.
  1652.  
  1653. ======================================================================
  1654. =============== Function 32 - delete file from ramdisk. ==============
  1655. ======================================================================
  1656. Parameters:
  1657.   * eax = 32 - function number
  1658.   * ebx = pointer to the filename
  1659. Returned value:
  1660.   * eax = 0 - success; otherwise file system error code
  1661. Remarks:
  1662.   * This function is obsolete; function 58 allows to fulfill
  1663.     the same operations with the extended possibilities.
  1664.   * The current implementation returns only values 0(success) and
  1665.     5(file not found).
  1666.   * The filename must be either in the format 8+3 characters
  1667.     (first 8 characters - name itself, last 3 - extension,
  1668.     the short names and extensions are supplemented with spaces),
  1669.     or in the format 8.3 characters "FILE.EXT"/"FILE.EX "
  1670.     (name no more than 8 characters, dot, extension 3 characters
  1671.     supplemented if necessary by spaces).
  1672.     The filename must be written with capital letters. The terminating
  1673.     character with code 0 is not necessary (not ASCIIZ-string).
  1674.   * This function does not support folders on the ramdisk.
  1675.  
  1676. ======================================================================
  1677. ================ Function 33 - write file to ramdisk. ================
  1678. ======================================================================
  1679. Parameters:
  1680.   * eax = 33 - function number
  1681.   * ebx = pointer to the filename
  1682.   * ecx = pointer to data for writing
  1683.   * edx = number of bytes for writing
  1684.   * should be set esi=0
  1685. Returned value:
  1686.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  1687. Remarks:
  1688.   * This function is obsolete; function 70 allows to fulfil
  1689.     the same operations with extended possibilities.
  1690.   * If esi contains non-zero value and selected file already exists,
  1691.     one more file with the same name will be created.
  1692.   * Otherwise file will be overwritten.
  1693.   * The filename must be either in the format 8+3 characters
  1694.     (first 8 characters - name itself, last 3 - extension,
  1695.     the short names and extensions are supplemented with spaces),
  1696.     or in the format 8.3 characters "FILE.EXT"/"FILE.EX "
  1697.     (name no more than 8 characters, dot, extension 3 characters
  1698.     supplemented if necessary by spaces).
  1699.     The filename must be written with capital letters. The terminating
  1700.     character with code 0 is not necessary (not ASCIIZ-string).
  1701.   * This function does not support folders on the ramdisk.
  1702.  
  1703. ======================================================================
  1704. ======= Function 35 - read the color of a pixel on the screen. =======
  1705. ======================================================================
  1706. Parameters:
  1707.   * eax = 35
  1708.   * ebx = y*xsize+x, where
  1709.   * (x,y) = coordinates of a pixel (beginning from 0)
  1710.   * xsize = horizontal screen size
  1711. Returned value:
  1712.   * eax = color 0x00RRGGBB
  1713. Remarks:
  1714.   * To get screen sizes use function 14. Pay attention,
  1715.     that it subtracts 1 from both sizes.
  1716.   * There is also direct access (without any system calls)
  1717.     to videomemory through the selector gs. To get parameters of
  1718.     the current videomode, use function 61.
  1719.  
  1720. ======================================================================
  1721. =================== Function 37 - work with mouse. ===================
  1722. ======================================================================
  1723.  
  1724. ---------- Subfunction 0 - screen coordinates of the mouse -----------
  1725. Parameters:
  1726.   * eax = 37 - function number
  1727.   * ebx = 0 - subfunction number
  1728. Returned value:
  1729.   * eax = x*65536 + y, (x,y)=coordinates of the mouse pointer
  1730.     (beginning from 0)
  1731.  
  1732. -- Subfunction 1 - coordinates of the mouse relative to the window ---
  1733. Parameters:
  1734.   * eax = 37 - function number
  1735.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  1736. Returned value:
  1737.   * eax = x*65536 + y, (x,y)=coordinates of the mouse pointer
  1738.     relative to the application window (beginning from 0)
  1739. Remarks:
  1740.   * The value is calculated by formula (x-xwnd)*65536 + (y-ywnd).
  1741.     If y>=ywnd, the low word is non-negative and contains
  1742.     relative y-coordinate, and the high word - relative x-coordinate
  1743.     (with correct sign). Otherwise the low word is negative and still
  1744.     contains relative y-coordinate, and to the high word
  1745.     1 should be added.
  1746.  
  1747. ------------ Subfunction 2 - pressed buttons of the mouse ------------
  1748. Parameters:
  1749.   * eax = 37 - function number
  1750.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  1751. Returned value:
  1752.   * eax contains information on the pressed mouse buttons:
  1753.   * bit 0 is set = left button is pressed
  1754.   * bit 1 is set = right button is pressed
  1755.   * other bits are cleared
  1756.  
  1757. -------------------- Subfunction 4 - load cursor ---------------------
  1758. Parameters:
  1759.   * eax = 37 - function number
  1760.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  1761.   * dx = data source:
  1762.   * dx = LOAD_FROM_FILE = 0 - data in a file
  1763.     * ecx = pointer to full path to the cursor file
  1764.     * the file must be in the format .cur, which is standard for
  1765.       MS Windows, at that of the size 32*32 pixels
  1766.   * dx = LOAD_FROM_MEM = 1 - data of file are already loaded in memory
  1767.     * ecx = pointer to data of the cursor file
  1768.     * the data format is the same as in the previous case
  1769.   * dx = LOAD_INDIRECT = 2 - data in memory
  1770.     * ecx = pointer to cursor image in the format ARGB 32*32 pixels
  1771.     * edx = 0xXXYY0002, where
  1772.       * XX = x-coordinate of cursor hotspot
  1773.       * YY = y-coordinate
  1774.       * 0 <= XX, YY <= 31
  1775. Returned value:
  1776.   * eax = 0 - failed
  1777.   * otherwise eax = cursor handle
  1778.  
  1779. --------------------- Subfunction 5 - set cursor ---------------------
  1780. Sets new cursor for the window of the current thread.
  1781. Parameters:
  1782.   * eax = 37 - function number
  1783.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  1784.   * ecx = cursor handle
  1785. Returned value:
  1786.   * eax = handle of previous cursor
  1787. Remarks:
  1788.   * If the handle is incorrect, the function restores the default
  1789.     cursor (standard arrow). In particular, ecx=0 restores it.
  1790.  
  1791. ------------------- Subfunction 6 - delete cursor --------------------
  1792. Parameters:
  1793.   * eax = 37 - function number
  1794.   * ebx = 6 - subfunction number
  1795.   * ecx = cursor handle
  1796. Returned value:
  1797.   * eax destroyed
  1798. Remarks:
  1799.   * The cursor must be loaded previously by the current thread
  1800.     (with the call to subfunction 4). The function does not delete
  1801.     system cursors and cursors, loaded by another applications.
  1802.   * If the active cursor (set by subfunction 5) is deleted,
  1803.     the system restores the default cursor (standard arrow).
  1804.  
  1805. ======================================================================
  1806. ====================== Function 38 - draw line. ======================
  1807. ======================================================================
  1808. Parameters:
  1809.   * eax = 38 - function number
  1810.   * ebx = [start coordinate on axis x]*65536 +
  1811.               [end coordinate on axis x]
  1812.   * ecx = [start coordinate on axis y]*65536 +
  1813.               [end coordinate on axis y]
  1814.   * edx = 0x00RRGGBB - color
  1815.     edx = 0x01xxxxxx - draw inversed line
  1816.           (low 24 bits are ignored)
  1817. Returned value:
  1818.   * function does not return value
  1819. Remarks:
  1820.   * Coordinates are relative to the window.
  1821.   * End point is also drawn.
  1822.  
  1823. ======================================================================
  1824. == Function 39, subfunction 1 - get a size of the background image. ==
  1825. ======================================================================
  1826. Parameters:
  1827.   * eax = 39 - function number
  1828.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  1829. Returned value:
  1830.   * eax = [width]*65536 + [height]
  1831. Remarks:
  1832.   * There is a pair function to set sizes of background image -
  1833.     subfunction 1 of function 15. After which it is necessary,
  1834.     of course, anew to define image.
  1835.  
  1836. ======================================================================
  1837. == Function 39, subfunction 2 - get pixel from the background image. =
  1838. ======================================================================
  1839. Parameters:
  1840.   * eax = 39 - function number
  1841.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  1842.   * ecx = offset
  1843. Returned value:
  1844.   * eax = 0x00RRGGBB - pixel color, if offset is valid
  1845.     (less than 0x160000-16)
  1846.   * eax = 2 otherwise
  1847. Remarks:
  1848.   * Do not rely on returned value for invalid offsets, it may be
  1849.     changed in future kernel versions.
  1850.   * Offset for pixel with coordinates (x,y)
  1851.     is calculated as (x+y*xsize)*3.
  1852.   * There is a pair function to set pixel on the background image -
  1853.     subfunction 2 of function 15.
  1854.  
  1855. ======================================================================
  1856. == Function 39, subfunction 4 - get drawing mode for the background. =
  1857. ======================================================================
  1858. Parameters:
  1859.   * eax = 39 - function number
  1860.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  1861. Returned value:
  1862.   * eax = 1 - tile
  1863.   * eax = 2 - stretch
  1864. Remarks:
  1865.   * There is a pair function to set drawing mode -
  1866.     subfunction 4 of function 15.
  1867.  
  1868. ======================================================================
  1869. =========== Function 40 - set the mask for expected events. ==========
  1870. ======================================================================
  1871. The mask for expected events affects function working with events
  1872. 10, 11, 23 - they notify only about events allowed by this mask.
  1873. Parameters:
  1874.   * eax = 40 - function number
  1875.   * ebx = mask: bit i corresponds to event i+1 (see list of events)
  1876.     (set bit permits notice on event)
  1877. Returned value:
  1878.   * function does not return value
  1879. Remarks:
  1880.   * Default mask (7=111b) enables nofices about redraw,
  1881.     keys and buttons. This is enough for many applications.
  1882.   * Events prohibited in the mask are saved anyway, when come;
  1883.     they are simply not informed with event functions.
  1884.   * Event functions take into account the mask on moment of
  1885.     function call, not on moment of event arrival.
  1886.  
  1887. ======================================================================
  1888. ==================== Function 41 - get IRQ owner. ====================
  1889. ======================================================================
  1890. Parameters:
  1891.   * eax = 41 - function number
  1892.   * ebx = IRQ number, 0..15
  1893. Returned value:
  1894.   * eax = owner PID
  1895.   * eax = 0, if there is no owner
  1896.   * eax = -1 for incorrect ebx
  1897.  
  1898. ======================================================================
  1899. ==================== Function 42 - read IRQ data. ====================
  1900. ======================================================================
  1901. When an IRQ occurs, the system reads data from ports indicated
  1902. earlier by function 44 and writes this data to
  1903. internal buffer. This function reads out data from that buffer
  1904. bytewise.
  1905. Parameters:
  1906.   * eax = 42 - function number
  1907.   * ebx = IRQ number, 0..15
  1908. Returned value: (use value of ecx to distinguish)
  1909.   * if the thread is not IRQ owner (or IRQ number is incorrect):
  1910.     * ecx = 2
  1911.   * if there is no data:
  1912.     * eax = 0
  1913.     * ecx = 1
  1914.     * ebx destroyed
  1915.   * if all is ok:
  1916.     * eax = byte size of data, not yet read from buffer
  1917.     * ecx = 0
  1918.     * ebx = current byte
  1919. Remarks:
  1920.   * Previously the thread must reserve indicated IRQ for itself
  1921.     by function 45.
  1922.   * The size of data buffer is 4000 bytes, on overflow
  1923.     "fresh" data cease to be written in the buffer.
  1924.  
  1925. ======================================================================
  1926. ================ Function 43 - input/output to a port. ===============
  1927. ======================================================================
  1928.  
  1929. ------------------------ Output data to port -------------------------
  1930. Parameters:
  1931.   * eax = 43 - function number
  1932.   * bl = byte for output
  1933.   * ecx = port number 0xnnnn (from 0 to 0xFFFF)
  1934. Returned value:
  1935.   * eax = 0 - success
  1936.   * eax = 1 - the thread has not reserved the selected port
  1937.  
  1938. ------------------------ Input data from port ------------------------
  1939. Parameters:
  1940.   * eax = 43 - function number
  1941.   * ebx is ignored
  1942.   * ecx = 0x8000nnnn, where nnnn = port number (from 0 to 0xFFFF)
  1943. Returned value:
  1944.   * eax = 0 - success, thus ebx = entered byte
  1945.   * eax = 1 - the thread has not reserved the selected port
  1946. Remarks:
  1947.   * Previously the thread must reserve the selected port
  1948.     for itself by function 46.
  1949.   * Instead of call to this function it is better to use
  1950.     processor instructions in/out - this is much
  1951.     faster and a bit shorter and easier.
  1952.  
  1953. ======================================================================
  1954. =========== Function 44 - define operations at IRQ arrival. ==========
  1955. ======================================================================
  1956. At IRQ arrival the system can read the data from ports defined
  1957. by this function and write these data to internal buffer, whence
  1958. they can be read by ôóíêöèåé 42.
  1959. Parameters:
  1960.   * eax = 44 - function number
  1961.   * ebx = pointer to the array of structures each describing one port:
  1962.     * +0: word: 0 means end of array, otherwise port number
  1963.     * +2: byte: reserved (ignored)
  1964.     * +3: byte: 1=read byte from this port, 2=read word
  1965.   * ecx = IRQ number, 0..15
  1966. Returned value:
  1967.   * eax = 0 - success
  1968.   * eax = 1 - the thread is not owner of selected IRQ
  1969. Remarks:
  1970.   * Previously the thread must reserve for itself selected IRQ
  1971.     by function 45.
  1972.   * First 16 ports are considered only.
  1973.   * The current implementation considers incorrect value of field +3
  1974.     as a signal to terminate IRQ processing.
  1975.  
  1976. ======================================================================
  1977. =================== Function 45 - reserve/free IRQ. ==================
  1978. ======================================================================
  1979. Parameters:
  1980.   * eax = 45 - function number
  1981.   * ebx = 0 - reserve, 1 = free
  1982.   * ecx = IRQ number, 0..15
  1983. Returned value:
  1984.   * eax = 0 - success
  1985.   * eax = 1 - error (invalid IRQ number
  1986.     or attempt to reserve not free IRQ
  1987.     or to free IRQ, not reserved by this thread)
  1988. Remarks:
  1989.   * IRQ reservation is required for functions 42 and 44.
  1990.   * Only one thread can reserve the specific IRQ.
  1991.   * IRQs, handled by the system itself, are reserved by the system
  1992.     (thread 1) at booting.
  1993.   * When a thread terminates, all reserved by it IRQs
  1994.     are freed automatically.
  1995.  
  1996. ======================================================================
  1997. ====== Function 46 - reserve/free a group of input/output ports. =====
  1998. ======================================================================
  1999. To work with reserved ports an application can access directly by
  2000. commands in/out (recommended way) and can use function 43
  2001. (not recommended way).
  2002. Parameters:
  2003.   * eax = 46 - function number
  2004.   * ebx = 0 - reserve, 1 - free
  2005.   * ecx = start port number
  2006.   * edx = end port number (inclusive)
  2007. Returned value:
  2008.   * eax = 0 - success
  2009.   * eax = 1 - error
  2010. Remarks:
  2011.   * For ports reservation: an error occurs if and only if
  2012.     one from the following condition satisfies:
  2013.     * start port is more than end port;
  2014.     * the selected range contains incorrect port number
  2015.       (correct are from 0 to 0xFFFF);
  2016.     * limit for the total number of reserved areas is exceeded
  2017.       (maximum 255 are allowed);
  2018.     * the selected range intersects with any of earlier reserved
  2019.   * For ports free: an error is an attempt to free range,
  2020.     that was not earlier reserved by this function
  2021.     (with same ecx,edx).
  2022.   * If an error occurs (for both cases) function performs no action.
  2023.   * At booting the system reserves for itself ports
  2024.     0..0x2d, 0x30..0x4d, 0x50..0xdf, 0xe5..0xff (inclusively).
  2025.   * When a thread terminates, all reserved by it ports
  2026.     are freed automatically.
  2027.  
  2028. ======================================================================
  2029. ============= Function 47 - draw a number in the window. =============
  2030. ======================================================================
  2031. Parameters:
  2032.   * eax = 47 - function number
  2033.   * ebx = parameters of conversion number to text:
  2034.     * bl = 0 - ecx contains number
  2035.     * bl = 1 - ecx contains pointer to dword-number
  2036.     * bh = 0 - display in decimal number system
  2037.     * bh = 1 - display in hexadecimal system
  2038.     * bh = 2 - display in binary system
  2039.     * áèòû 16-21 = how many digits to display
  2040.     * áèòû 22-31 reserved and must be set to 0
  2041.   * ecx = number (if bl=0) or pointer (if bl=1)
  2042.   * edx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [coordinate on axis y]
  2043.   * esi = 0xX0RRGGBB:
  2044.     * RR, GG, BB specify the color
  2045.     * X = ABnn (bits)
  2046.     * nn = font (0/1)
  2047.     * A is ignored
  2048.     * B=1 - fill background with the color edi
  2049. Returned value:
  2050.   * function does not return value
  2051. Remarks:
  2052.   * The given length must not exceed 60.
  2053.   * The exactly given amount of digits is output. If number is small
  2054.     and can be written by smaller amount of digits, it is supplemented
  2055.     by leading zeroes; if the number is big and can not be written by
  2056.     given amount of digits, extra digits are not drawn.
  2057.   * Parameters of fonts are shown in the description of function 4
  2058.     (text output).
  2059.  
  2060. ======================================================================
  2061. ========= Function 48, subfunction 0 - apply screen settings. ========
  2062. ======================================================================
  2063. Parameters:
  2064.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2065.   * ebx = 0 - subfunction number
  2066.   * ecx = 0 - reserved
  2067. Returned value:
  2068.   * function does not return value
  2069. Remarks:
  2070.   * Function redraws the screen after parameters change by
  2071.     subfunctions 1 and 2.
  2072.   * Function call without prior call to one of indicated subfunctions
  2073.     is ignored.
  2074.   * Function call with nonzero ecx is ignored.
  2075.  
  2076. ======================================================================
  2077. =========== Function 48, subfunction 1 - set button style. ===========
  2078. ======================================================================
  2079. Parameters:
  2080.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2081.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  2082.   * ecx = button style:
  2083.     * 0 = flat
  2084.     * 1 = 3d
  2085. Returned value:
  2086.   * function does not return value
  2087. Remarks:
  2088.   * After call to this function one should redraw the screen by
  2089.     subfunction 0.
  2090.   * Button style influences only to their draw of function 8.
  2091.  
  2092. ======================================================================
  2093. ====== Function 48, subfunction 2 - set standard window colors. ======
  2094. ======================================================================
  2095. Parameters:
  2096.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2097.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  2098.   * ecx = pointer to the color table
  2099.   * edx = size of the color table
  2100.     (must be 40 bytes for future compatibility)
  2101. Format of the color table is shown in description of subfunction 3.
  2102. Returned value:
  2103.   * function does not return value
  2104. Remarks:
  2105.   * After call to this function one should redraw the screen by
  2106.     subfunction 0.
  2107.   * Table of standard colors influences only to applications,
  2108.     which receive this table obviously (by subfunction 3)
  2109.     and use it (specifying colors from it to drawing functions).
  2110.   * Table of standard colors is included in skin and is installed
  2111.     anew with skin installation (by subfunction 8).
  2112.   * Color table can be viewed/changed interactively with
  2113.     the application 'desktop'.
  2114.  
  2115. ======================================================================
  2116. ====== Function 48, subfunction 3 - get standard window colors. ======
  2117. ======================================================================
  2118. Parameters:
  2119.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2120.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  2121.   * ecx = pointer to the buffer with size edx bytes,
  2122.     where table will be written
  2123.   * edx = size of color table
  2124.     (must be 40 bytes for future compatibility)
  2125. Returned value:
  2126.   * function does not return value
  2127. Format of the color table:
  2128. each item is dword-value for color 0x00RRGGBB
  2129.   * +0: dword: frames - color of frame
  2130.   * +4: dword: grab - color of header
  2131.   * +8: dword: grab_button - color of button on header bar
  2132.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: grab_button_text - color of text on button
  2133.     on header bar
  2134.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: grab_text - color of text on header
  2135.   * +20 = +0x14: dword: work - color of working area
  2136.   * +24 = +0x18: dword: work_button - color of button in working area
  2137.   * +28 = +0x1C: dword: work_button_text - color of text on button
  2138.     in working area
  2139.   * +32 = +0x20: dword: work_text - color of text in working area
  2140.   * +36 = +0x24: dword: work_graph - color of graphics in working area
  2141. Remarks:
  2142.   * Structure of the color table is described in the standard
  2143.     include file 'macros.inc' as 'system_colors'; for example,
  2144.     it is possible to write:
  2145.         sc      system_colors           ; variable declaration
  2146.         ...                             ; somewhere one must call
  2147.                                         ; this function with ecx=sc
  2148.         mov     ecx, [sc.work_button_text]      ; read text color on
  2149.                                         ; buttin in working area
  2150.   * A program itself desides to use or not to use color table.
  2151.     For usage program must simply at calls to drawing functions select
  2152.     color taken from the table.
  2153.   * At change of the table of standard colors (by subfunction 2 with
  2154.     the subsequent application of changes by subfunction 0 or
  2155.     at skin set by subfunction 8) the system sends to all windows
  2156.     redraw message (the event with code 1).
  2157.   * Color table can be viewed/changed interactively with
  2158.     the application 'desktop'.
  2159.  
  2160. ======================================================================
  2161. ============ Function 48, subfunction 4 - get skin height. ===========
  2162. ======================================================================
  2163. Parameters:
  2164.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2165.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  2166. Returned value:
  2167.   * eax = skin height
  2168. Remarks:
  2169.   * Skin height is defined as the height of a header
  2170.     of skinned windows.
  2171.   * See also general structure of window in the description
  2172.     of function 0.
  2173.  
  2174. ======================================================================
  2175. ======== Function 48, subfunction 5 - get screen working area. =======
  2176. ======================================================================
  2177. Parameters:
  2178.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2179.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  2180. Returned value:
  2181.   * eax = [left]*65536 + [right]
  2182.   * ebx = [top]*65536 + [bottom]
  2183. Remarks:
  2184.   * The screen working area defines position and coordinates of
  2185.     a maximized window.
  2186.   * The screen working area in view of normal work is all screen
  2187.     without system panel (the application '@panel').
  2188.   * (left,top) are coordinates of the left upper corner,
  2189.     (right,bottom) are coordinates of the right lower one.
  2190.     Thus the size of working area on x axis can be calculated by
  2191.     formula right-left+1, on y axis - by formula bottom-right+1.
  2192.   * See also function 14,
  2193.     to get sizes of all screen.
  2194.   * There is a pair function to set working area - subfunction 6.
  2195.  
  2196. ======================================================================
  2197. ======== Function 48, subfunction 6 - set screen working area. =======
  2198. ======================================================================
  2199. Parameters:
  2200.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2201.   * ebx = 6 - subfunction number
  2202.   * ecx = [left]*65536 + [right]
  2203.   * edx = [top]*65536 + [bottom]
  2204. Returned value:
  2205.   * function does not return value
  2206. Remarks:
  2207.   * The screen working area defines position and coordinates of
  2208.     a maximized window.
  2209.   * This function is used only by the application '@panel',
  2210.     which set working area to all screen without system panel.
  2211.   * (left,top) are coordinates of the left upper corner,
  2212.     (right,bottom) are coordinates of the right lower one.
  2213.     Thus the size of working area on x axis can be calculated by
  2214.     formula right-left+1, on y axis - by formula bottom-right+1.
  2215.   * If 'left'>='right', x-coordinate of working area is not changed.
  2216.     If 'left'<0, 'left' will not be set. If 'right' is greater than or
  2217.     equal to screen width, 'right' will not be set.
  2218.     Similarly on y axis.
  2219.   * See also function 14,
  2220.     to get sizes of all screen.
  2221.   * There is a pair function to get working area - subfunction 5.
  2222.   * This function redraws the screen automatically,
  2223.     updating coordinates and sizes of maximized windows.
  2224.     The system sends to all windows redraw message (the event 1).
  2225.  
  2226. ======================================================================
  2227. =========== Function 48, subfunction 7 - get skin margins. ===========
  2228. ======================================================================
  2229. Returns the area of a header of a skinned window, intended for
  2230. a text of a header.
  2231. Parameters:
  2232.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2233.   * ebx = 7 - subfunction number
  2234. Returned value:
  2235.   * eax = [left]*65536 + [right]
  2236.   * ebx = [top]*65536 + [bottom]
  2237. Remarks:
  2238.   * An application decides itself to use or not to use this function.
  2239.   * It is recommended to take into account returned value
  2240.     of this function for choice of a place for drawing header text
  2241.     (by function 4) or a substitute of header text
  2242.     (at the discretion of an application).
  2243.  
  2244. ======================================================================
  2245. ============= Function 48, subfunction 8 - set used skin. ============
  2246. ======================================================================
  2247. Parameters:
  2248.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2249.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  2250.   * ecx = pointer to a block for function 58, in
  2251.     which the fields of intermediate buffer and file name are filled
  2252. Returned value:
  2253.   * eax = 0 - success
  2254.   * otherwise eax = file system error code; if file does not
  2255.     contain valid skin, function returns error 3
  2256.     (unknown file system).
  2257. Remarks:
  2258.   * After successful skin loading the system sends to all windows
  2259.     redraw message (the event 1).
  2260.   * At booting the system reads skin from file 'default.skn'
  2261.     on ramdisk.
  2262.   * User can change the skin statically by creating hisself
  2263.     'default.skn' or dynamically with the application 'desktop'.
  2264.  
  2265. ======================================================================
  2266. =========== Function 49 - Advanced Power Management (APM). ===========
  2267. ======================================================================
  2268. Parameters:
  2269.   * eax = 49 - function number
  2270.   * dx = number of the APM function
  2271.     (analogue of ax in APM specification)
  2272.   * bx, cx = parameters of the APM function
  2273. Returned value:
  2274.   * 16-bit registers ax, bx, cx, dx, si, di and carry flag CF
  2275.     are set according to the APM specification
  2276.   * high halves of 32-bit registers eax, ebx, ecx,
  2277.     edx, esi, edi are destroyed
  2278. Remarks:
  2279.   * APM 1.2 specification is described in the document
  2280.     "Advanced Power Management (APM) BIOS Specification"
  2281.     (Revision 1.2), available at
  2282.     http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/archive/amp_12.mspx;
  2283.     besides it is included in famous Interrupt List by Ralf Brown
  2284.     (http://www.pobox.com/~ralf/files.html,
  2285.     ftp://ftp.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/user/ralf/pub/).
  2286.  
  2287. ======================================================================
  2288. =================== Function 50 - set window shape. ==================
  2289. ======================================================================
  2290. Normal windows have rectangular shape. This function can give to
  2291. a window any shape. The shape is given by a set of points inside
  2292. the base rectangle belonging to a window. Position and coordinates
  2293. of the base rectangle are set by function 0
  2294. and changed by function 67.
  2295.  
  2296. --------------------------- Set shape data ---------------------------
  2297. Parameters:
  2298.   * eax = 50 - function number
  2299.   * ebx = 0 - subfunction number
  2300.   * ecx = pointer to shape data (array of bytes 0/1)
  2301. Returned value:
  2302.   * function does not return value
  2303.  
  2304. -------------------------- Set shape scale ---------------------------
  2305. Parameters:
  2306.   * eax = 50 - function number
  2307.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  2308.   * ecx sets a scale: each byte of data defines
  2309.     (2^scale)*(2^scale) pixels
  2310. Returned value:
  2311.   * function does not return value
  2312. Remarks:
  2313.   * Default scale is 0 (scale factor is 1). If in the shape data
  2314.     one byte corresponds to one pixel, there is no necessity
  2315.     to set scale.
  2316.   * Let's designate xsize = window width (in pixels), ysize = height;
  2317.     pay attention, that they are one pixel more than defined by
  2318.     functions 0, 67.
  2319.   * On definition of scale xsize and ysize must be divisible
  2320.     on 2^scale.
  2321.   * Byte of data on offset 'a' must be 0/1 and defines belonging
  2322.     to a window of square with the side 2^scale (if scale=0,
  2323.     this is one pixel) and coordinates of the left upper corner
  2324.     (a mod (xsize shr scale), a div (xsize shr scale))
  2325.   * Data size: (xsize shr scale)*(ysize shr scale).
  2326.   * Data must be presented in the memory and not change
  2327.     after set of shape.
  2328.   * The system views the shape data at every window redraw by
  2329.     function 0.
  2330.   * The call of subfunction 0 with NULL pointer results in return
  2331.     to the rectangular shape.
  2332.  
  2333. ======================================================================
  2334. ==================== Function 51 - create thread. ====================
  2335. ======================================================================
  2336. Parameters:
  2337.   * eax = 51 - function number
  2338.   * ebx = 1 - unique subfunction
  2339.   * ecx = address of thread entry point (starting eip)
  2340.   * edx = pointer to thread stack (starting esp)
  2341. Returned value:
  2342.   * eax = -1 - error (there is too many threads)
  2343.   * otherwise eax = TID - thread identifier
  2344.     </UL>    
  2345.  
  2346. ======================================================================
  2347. === Function 52, subfunction 0 - get network driver configuration. ===
  2348. ======================================================================
  2349. Parameters:
  2350.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2351.   * ebx = 0 - subfunction number
  2352. Returned value:
  2353.   * eax = configuration dword
  2354. Remarks:
  2355.   * Configuration dword can be set by subfunction 2.
  2356.   * The kernel does not use this variable. The value of this
  2357.     variable and working with it subfunctions 0 and 2 is represented
  2358.     doubtful.
  2359.  
  2360. ======================================================================
  2361. ========= Function 52, subfunction 1 - get local IP-address. =========
  2362. ======================================================================
  2363. Parameters:
  2364.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2365.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  2366. Returned value:
  2367.   * eax = IP-address (4 bytes)
  2368. Remarks:
  2369.   * Local IP-address is set by subfunction 3.
  2370.  
  2371. ======================================================================
  2372. === Function 52, subfunction 2 - set network driver configuration. ===
  2373. ======================================================================
  2374. Parameters:
  2375.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2376.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  2377.   * ecx = configuration dword; if low 7 bits derivate the number 3,
  2378.     function [re-]initializes Ethernet-card, otherwise
  2379.     Ethernet turns off
  2380. Returned value:
  2381.   * if Ethernet-interface is not requested, function returns eax=2,
  2382.     but this can be changed in future kernel versions
  2383.   * if Ethernet-interface is requested, eax=0 means error
  2384.     (absence of Ethernet-card), and nonzero value - success
  2385. Remarks:
  2386.   * Configuration dword can be read by subfunction 0.
  2387.   * The kernel does not use this variable. The value of this
  2388.     variable, subfunction 0 and part of subfunction 2, which set it,
  2389.     is represented doubtful.
  2390.  
  2391. ======================================================================
  2392. ========= Function 52, subfunction 3 - set local IP-address. =========
  2393. ======================================================================
  2394. Parameters:
  2395.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2396.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  2397.   * ecx = IP-address (4 bytes)
  2398. Returned value:
  2399.   * the current implementation returns eax=3, but this can be changed
  2400.     in future versions
  2401. Remarks:
  2402.   * Local IP-address can be get by subfunction 1.
  2403.  
  2404. ======================================================================
  2405. = Function 52, subfunction 6 - add data to the stack of input queue. =
  2406. ======================================================================
  2407. Parameters:
  2408.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2409.   * ebx = 6 - subfunction number
  2410.   * edx = data size
  2411.   * esi = data pointer
  2412. Returned value:
  2413.   * eax = -1 - error
  2414.   * eax = 0 - success
  2415. Remarks:
  2416.   * This function is intended only for slow network drivers
  2417.     (PPP, SLIP).
  2418.   * Data size must not exceed 1500 bytes, though function
  2419.     performs no checks on correctness.
  2420.  
  2421. ======================================================================
  2422.  Function 52, subfunction 8 - read data from the network output queue.
  2423. ======================================================================
  2424. Parameters:
  2425.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2426.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  2427.   * esi = pointer to 1500-byte buffer
  2428. Returned value:
  2429.   * eax = number of read bytes (in the current implementation
  2430.     either 0 = no data or 1500)
  2431.   * data was copied in buffer
  2432. Remarks:
  2433.   * This function is intended only for slow network drivers
  2434.     (PPP, SLIP).
  2435.  
  2436. ======================================================================
  2437. ============ Function 52, subfunction 9 - get gateway IP. ============
  2438. ======================================================================
  2439. Parameters:
  2440.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2441.   * ebx = 9 - subfunction number
  2442. Returned value:
  2443.   * eax = gateway IP (4 bytes)
  2444.  
  2445. ======================================================================
  2446. =========== Function 52, subfunction 10 - get subnet mask. ===========
  2447. ======================================================================
  2448. Parameters:
  2449.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2450.   * ebx = 10 - subfunction number
  2451. Returned value:
  2452.   * eax = subnet mask
  2453.  
  2454. ======================================================================
  2455. ============ Function 52, subfunction 11 - set gateway IP. ===========
  2456. ======================================================================
  2457. Parameters:
  2458.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2459.   * ebx = 11 - subfunction number
  2460.   * ecx = gateway IP (4 bytes)
  2461. Returned value:
  2462.   * the current implementation returns eax=11, but this can be changed
  2463.     in future versions
  2464.  
  2465. ======================================================================
  2466. =========== Function 52, subfunction 12 - set subnet mask. ===========
  2467. ======================================================================
  2468. Parameters:
  2469.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2470.   * ebx = 12 - subfunction number
  2471.   * ecx = subnet mask
  2472. Returned value:
  2473.   * the current implementation returns eax=12, but this can be changed
  2474.     in future versions
  2475.  
  2476. ======================================================================
  2477. ============== Function 52, subfunction 13 - get DNS IP. =============
  2478. ======================================================================
  2479. Parameters:
  2480.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2481.   * ebx = 13 - subfunction number
  2482. Returned value:
  2483.   * eax = DNS IP (4 bytes)
  2484.  
  2485. ======================================================================
  2486. ============== Function 52, subfunction 14 - set DNS IP. =============
  2487. ======================================================================
  2488. Parameters:
  2489.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2490.   * ebx = 14 - subfunction number
  2491.   * ecx = DNS IP (4 bytes)
  2492. Returned value:
  2493.   * the current implementation returns eax=14, but this can be changed
  2494.     in future versions
  2495.  
  2496. ======================================================================
  2497. ======== Function 52, subfunction 15 - get local MAC address. ========
  2498. ======================================================================
  2499. Parameters:
  2500.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2501.   * ebx = 15 - subfunction number
  2502.   * ecx = 0 - read first 4 bytes,
  2503.     ecx = 4 - read last 2 bytes
  2504. Returned value:
  2505.   * for ecx=0: eax = first 4 bytes of MAC address
  2506.   * for ecx=4: ax = last 2 bytes of MAC address,
  2507.                high half of eax is destroyed
  2508.   * for other ecx: eax = -1 indicates an error
  2509.  
  2510. ======================================================================
  2511. ============ Function 53, subfunction 0 - open UDP-socket. ===========
  2512. ======================================================================
  2513. Parameters:
  2514.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2515.   * ebx = 0 - subfunction number
  2516.   * ecx = local port (only low word is taken into account)
  2517.   * edx = remote port (only low word is taken into account)
  2518.   * esi = remote IP
  2519. Returned value:
  2520.   * eax = -1 = 0xFFFFFFFF - error; ebx destroyed
  2521.   * eax = socket handle (some number which unambiguously identifies
  2522.     socket and have sense only for the system) - success;
  2523.     ebx destroyed
  2524.  
  2525. ======================================================================
  2526. =========== Function 53, subfunction 1 - close UDP-socket. ===========
  2527. ======================================================================
  2528. Parameters:
  2529.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2530.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  2531.   * ecx = socket handle
  2532. Returned value:
  2533.   * eax = -1 - incorrect handle
  2534.   * eax = 0 - success
  2535.   * ebx destroyed
  2536. Remarks:
  2537.   * The current implementation does not close automatically all
  2538.     sockets of a thread at termination. In particular, one should not
  2539.     kill a thread with many opened sockets - there will be an outflow
  2540.     of resources.
  2541.   * The current implementation does no checks on correctness
  2542.     (function returns error only if thread tries to close not opened
  2543.     socket with correct handle).
  2544.  
  2545. ======================================================================
  2546. ============== Function 53, subfunction 2 - poll socket. =============
  2547. ======================================================================
  2548. Parameters:
  2549.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2550.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  2551.   * ecx = socket handle
  2552. Returned value:
  2553.   * eax = number of read bytes
  2554.   * ebx destroyed
  2555. Remarks:
  2556.   * There is no checks for correctness.
  2557.  
  2558. ======================================================================
  2559. ========= Function 53, subfunction 3 - read byte from socket. ========
  2560. ======================================================================
  2561. Parameters:
  2562.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2563.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  2564.   * ecx = socket handle
  2565. Returned value:
  2566.   * if there is no read data: eax=0, bl=0,
  2567.     other bytes of ebx are destroyed
  2568.   * if there are read data: eax=number of rest bytes
  2569.     (possibly 0), bl=read byte, other bytes of ebx are destroyed
  2570. Remarks:
  2571.   * There is no checks for correctness.
  2572.  
  2573. ======================================================================
  2574. ========== Function 53, subfunction 4 - write to UDP-socket. =========
  2575. ======================================================================
  2576. Parameters:
  2577.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2578.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  2579.   * ecx = socket handle
  2580.   * edx = number of bytes to write
  2581.   * esi = pointer to data to write
  2582. Returned value:
  2583.   * eax = 0xffffffff - invalid handle
  2584.   * eax = 0xffff - not enough memory
  2585.   * eax = 0 - success
  2586.   * ebx destroyed
  2587. Remarks:
  2588.   * Check on validity of handle is minimal - only not very incorrect
  2589.     not opened handles are eliminated.
  2590.   * Number of bytes to write must not exceed 1500-28, though
  2591.     the appropriate check is not made.
  2592.  
  2593. ======================================================================
  2594. ============ Function 53, subfunction 5 - open TCP-socket. ===========
  2595. ======================================================================
  2596. Parameters:
  2597.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2598.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  2599.   * ecx = local port (only low word is taken into account)
  2600.   * edx = remote port (only low word is taken into account)
  2601.   * esi = remote IP
  2602.   * edi = open mode: SOCKET_PASSIVE=0 or SOCKET_ACTIVE=1
  2603. Returned value:
  2604.   * eax = -1 = 0xFFFFFFFF - error; ebx destroys
  2605.   * eax = socket handle (some number which unambiguously identifies
  2606.     socket and have sense only for the system) - success;
  2607.     ebx destroyed
  2608.  
  2609. ======================================================================
  2610. ========= Function 53, subfunction 6 - get TCP-socket status. ========
  2611. ======================================================================
  2612. Parameters:
  2613.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2614.   * ebx = 6 - subfunction number
  2615.   * ecx = socket handle
  2616. Returned value:
  2617.   * eax = socket status: one of
  2618.   * TCB_LISTEN = 1
  2619.   * TCB_SYN_SENT = 2
  2620.   * TCB_SYN_RECEIVED = 3
  2621.   * TCB_ESTABLISHED = 4
  2622.   * TCB_FIN_WAIT_1 = 5
  2623.   * TCB_FIN_WAIT_2 = 6
  2624.   * TCB_CLOSE_WAIT = 7
  2625.   * TCB_CLOSING = 8
  2626.   * TCB_LAST_ASK = 9
  2627.   * TCB_TIME_WAIT = 10
  2628.   * TCB_CLOSED = 11
  2629.   * ebx destroys
  2630. Remarks:
  2631.   * There is no checks for correctness.
  2632.  
  2633. ======================================================================
  2634. ========== Function 53, subfunction 7 - write to TCP-socket. =========
  2635. ======================================================================
  2636. Parameters:
  2637.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2638.   * ebx = 7 - subfunction number
  2639.   * ecx = socket handle
  2640.   * edx = number of bytes to write
  2641.   * esi = pointer to data to write
  2642. Returned value:
  2643.   * eax = 0xffffffff - error
  2644.   * eax = 0xffff - not enough memory
  2645.   * eax = 0 - success
  2646.   * ebx destroyed
  2647. Remarks:
  2648.   * Check on validity of handle is minimal - only not very incorrect
  2649.     not opened handles are eliminated.
  2650.   * Number of bytes to write must not exceed 1500-40, though
  2651.     the appropriate check is not made.
  2652.  
  2653. ======================================================================
  2654. =========== Function 53, subfunction 8 - close TCP-socket. ===========
  2655. ======================================================================
  2656. Parameters:
  2657.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2658.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  2659.   * ecx = socket handle
  2660. Returned value:
  2661.   * eax = -1 - invalid handle
  2662.   * eax = 0xffff - not enough memory for socket close packet
  2663.   * eax = 0 - success
  2664.   * in many cases eax is destroyed (the result of function 'queue'
  2665.     is returned) - probably this is bug, which will be corrected
  2666.   * ebx destroyed
  2667. Remarks:
  2668.   * The current implementation does not close automatically all
  2669.     sockets of a thread at termination. In particular, one should not
  2670.     kill a thread with many opened sockets - there will be an outflow
  2671.     of resources.
  2672.   * The current implementation does no checks on correctness
  2673.     (function returns error only if thread tries to close not opened
  2674.     socket with correct handle).
  2675.  
  2676. ======================================================================
  2677. === Function 53, subfunction 9 - check whether local port is free. ===
  2678. ======================================================================
  2679. Parameters:
  2680.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2681.   * ebx = 9 - subfunction number
  2682.   * ecx = local port number (low 16 bits are used only)
  2683. Returned value:
  2684.   * eax = 0 - port is used
  2685.   * eax = 1 - port is free
  2686.   * ebx destroyed
  2687.  
  2688. ======================================================================
  2689. ===== Function 53, subfunction 10 - query Ethernet cable status. =====
  2690. ======================================================================
  2691. Parameters:
  2692.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2693.   * ebx = 10 - subfunction number
  2694. Returned value:
  2695.   * al = -1 - a network driver is not loaded or
  2696.               does not support this function
  2697.   * al = 0 - Ethernet cable is unplugged
  2698.   * al = 1 - Ethernet cable is plugged
  2699. Remarks:
  2700.   * The current kernel implementation supports this function
  2701.     only for RTL8139 network cards.
  2702.  
  2703. ======================================================================
  2704. ===== Function 53, subfunction 10 - read data from stack.        =====
  2705. ======================================================================
  2706. Parameters:
  2707.   * eax = 53
  2708.   * ebx = 11
  2709.   * ecx = socket number
  2710.   * edx = pointer to where data must be written
  2711.   * esi = buffer size (max bytes of data to copy)
  2712. Returned value:
  2713.   * eax = number of bytes copied
  2714. Remarks:
  2715.   * if buffer size is zero, all data will be copied
  2716.     (this will be max 4096 bytes)
  2717.  
  2718. ======================================================================
  2719. = Function 53, subfunction 255 - debug information of network driver.
  2720. ======================================================================
  2721. Parameters:
  2722.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2723.   * ebx = 255 - subfunction number
  2724.   * ecx = type of requested information (see below)
  2725. Returned value:
  2726.   * eax = requested information
  2727.   * ebx destroyed
  2728. Possible values for ecx:
  2729.   * 100: length of queue 0 (empty queue)
  2730.   * 101: length of queue 1 (ip-out queue)
  2731.   * 102: length of queue 2 (ip-in queue)
  2732.   * 103: length of queue 3 (net1out queue)
  2733.   * 200: number of items in the ARP table
  2734.   * 201: size of the ARP table (in items) (20 for current version)
  2735.   * 202: read item at edx of the ARP table to the temporary buffer,
  2736.     whence 5 following types take information;
  2737.     in this case eax is not defined
  2738.   * 203: IP-address saved by type 202
  2739.   * 204: high dword of MAC-address saved by type 202
  2740.   * 205: low word of MAC-address saved by type 202
  2741.   * 206: status word saved by type 202
  2742.   * 207: ttl word saved by type 202
  2743.   * 2: total number of received IP-packets
  2744.   * 3: total number of transferred IP-packets
  2745.   * 4: total number of dumped received packets
  2746.   * 5: total number of received ARP-packets
  2747.   * 6: status of packet driver, 0=inactive, nonzero=active
  2748.  
  2749. ======================================================================
  2750. ========== Function 55, subfunction 0 - load data for SB16. ==========
  2751. ======================================================================
  2752. Parameters:
  2753.   * eax = 55 - function number
  2754.   * ebx = 0 - subfunction number
  2755.   * ecx = pointer to data (is copied 64 kilobytes, is used as much as
  2756.     set by subfunction 2)
  2757. Returned value:
  2758.   * function does not return value
  2759. Remarks:
  2760.   * Format and size of data are set by subfunction 2.
  2761.  
  2762. ======================================================================
  2763. ======== Function 55, subfunction 1 - begin play data on SB16. =======
  2764. ======================================================================
  2765. Parameters:
  2766.   * eax = 55 - function number
  2767.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  2768. Returned value:
  2769.   * function does not return value
  2770. Remarks:
  2771.   * Previously data must be loaded by subfunction 0 and
  2772.     their format must be defined by subfunction 2.
  2773.   * Function returns control, when playing of data began; after that
  2774.     play goes independently from application (and does not use
  2775.     processor time at all).
  2776.   * Previously must be defined SB16 base port
  2777.     (by subfunction 4 of function 21) and DMA channel
  2778.     (by subfunction 10 of function 21).
  2779.  
  2780. ======================================================================
  2781. ======== Function 55, subfunction 2 - set format of SB16 data. =======
  2782. ======================================================================
  2783. Parameters:
  2784.   * eax = 55 - function number
  2785.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  2786.   * ecx = 0 - set digit capacity
  2787.     * edx = 1 - 8bit mono
  2788.     * edx = 2 - 8bit stereo
  2789.   * ecx = 1 - set data size
  2790.     * edx = size in bytes
  2791.   * ecx = 2 - set play frequency
  2792.     * edx = frequency
  2793. Returned value:
  2794.   * function does not return value
  2795. Remarks:
  2796.   * When the system boots, it sets following default parameters:
  2797.     digit capacity - 8bit mono, size - 64 Kb, frequency - 44100 Hz.
  2798.     Nevertheless it is recommended to set necessary values obviously
  2799.     as they could be reset by some application.
  2800.  
  2801. ======================================================================
  2802.  Function 55, subfunction 55 - begin to play data on built-in speaker.
  2803. ======================================================================
  2804. Parameters:
  2805.   * eax = 55 - function number
  2806.   * ebx = 55 - subfunction number
  2807.   * esi = pointer to data
  2808. Returned value:
  2809.   * eax = 0 - success
  2810.   * eax = 55 - error (speaker is off or busy)
  2811. Data is an array of items with variable length.
  2812. Format of each item is defined by first byte:
  2813.   * 0 = end of data
  2814.   * 1..0x80 = sets sound duration on 1/100 of second; sound note
  2815.     is defined by immediate value of frequency
  2816.     * following word (2 bytes) contains frequency divider;
  2817.       frequency is defined as 1193180/divider
  2818.   * 0x81 = invalid
  2819.   * 0x82..0xFF = note is defined by octave and number:
  2820.     * duration in 1/100 of second = (first byte)-0x81
  2821.     * there is one more byte;
  2822.     * (second byte)=0xFF - delay
  2823.     * otherwise it looks like a*0x10+b, where b=number of the note in
  2824.       an octave from 1 to 12, a=number of octave (beginning from 0)
  2825. Remarks:
  2826.   * Speaker play can be disabled/enabled by
  2827.     subfunction 8 of function 18.
  2828.   * Function returns control, having informed the system
  2829.     an information on request. Play itself goes independently from
  2830.     the program.
  2831.   * The data must be kept in the memory at least up to the end
  2832.     of play.
  2833.  
  2834. ======================================================================
  2835. ================ Function 58 - work with file system. ================
  2836. ======================================================================
  2837. Parameters:
  2838.   * eax = 58
  2839.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  2840. Returned value:
  2841.   * eax = 0 - success; otherwise file system error code
  2842.   * some subfunctions return value in other registers too
  2843. General format of the information structure:
  2844.   * +0: dword: subfunction number
  2845.   * +4: dword: number of block
  2846.   * +8: dword: size
  2847.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: pointer to data
  2848.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to a memory for system operations
  2849.     (4096 bytes)
  2850.   * +20 = +0x14: n db: ASCIIZ-string with the file name
  2851. Specifications - in documentation on the appropriate subfunction.
  2852. Filename is case-insensitive for latin letters, russian letters
  2853. must be capital.
  2854. Format of filename:
  2855. /base/number/dir1/dir2/.../dirn/file,
  2856. where /base/number identifies device, on which file is located:
  2857. one of
  2858.   * /RD/1 = /RAMDISK/1 to access ramdisk
  2859.   * /FD/1 = /FLOPPYDISK/1 to access first floppy drive,
  2860.     /FD/2 = /FLOPPYDISK/2 to access second one
  2861.   * /HD/x = /HARDDISK/x - obsolete variant of access to hard disk
  2862.     (in this case base is defined by subfunction 7 of function 21),
  2863.     x - partition number (beginning from 1)
  2864.   * /HD0/x, /HD1/x, /HD2/x, /HD3/x to access accordingly to devices
  2865.     IDE0 (Primary Master), IDE1 (Primary Slave),
  2866.     IDE2 (Secondary Master), IDE3 (Secondary Slave);
  2867.     x - partition number on the selected hard drive, varies from 1
  2868.     to 255 (on each hard drive the indexing starts from 1)
  2869. Remarks:
  2870.   * In the first two cases it is also possible to use FIRST
  2871.     instead of 1, SECOND instead of 2, but it is not recommended
  2872.     for convenience of transition to the future extensions.
  2873.   * Limitation n<=39 is imposed.
  2874.   * Names of folders and file dir1,...,dirn,file must have the
  2875.     format 8.3: name no more than 8 characters, dot, extension no
  2876.     more than 3 characters. Trailing spaces are ignored, no other
  2877.     spaces is allowed. If name occupies equally 8 characters,
  2878.     dot may be omitted (though it is not recommended to use this
  2879.     feature for convenience of transition to the future extensions).
  2880.   * This function does not support folders on ramdisk.
  2881. Examples:
  2882.   * '/RAMDISK/FIRST/KERNEL.ASM',0
  2883.     '/rd/1/kernel.asm',0
  2884.   * '/HD0/1/kernel.asm',0
  2885.   * '/hd0/1/menuet/pics/tanzania.bmp',0
  2886. Existing subfunctions:
  2887.   * subfunction 0 - read file/folder
  2888.   * subfunction 1 - rewrite file
  2889.   * subfunction 8 - LBA-read from device
  2890.   * subfunction 15 - get file system information
  2891.  
  2892. ======================================================================
  2893. =========== Function 58, subfunction 0 - read file/folder. ===========
  2894. ======================================================================
  2895. Parameters:
  2896.   * eax = 58
  2897.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  2898. Format of the information structure:
  2899.   * +0: dword: 0 = subfunction number
  2900.   * +4: dword: first block to read (beginning from 0)
  2901.   * +8: dword: amount of blocks to read
  2902.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: pointer to buffer for data
  2903.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer for system operations
  2904.     (4096 bytes)
  2905.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  2906.     given in the general description
  2907. Returned value:
  2908.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  2909.   * ebx = file size (in bytes) or -1=0xffffffff, if file was not found
  2910. Remarks:
  2911.   * Block size is 512 bytes.
  2912.   * This function is obsolete, for reading files use subfunction 0
  2913.     of function 70, for reading folders - subfunction 1 of
  2914.     function 70.
  2915.   * Function can read contents of a folder. Only FAT file system is
  2916.     supported. The format of FAT-folder is described
  2917.     in any FAT documentation.
  2918.   * Size of a folder is determined by size of FAT clusters chain.
  2919.   * If file was ended before last requested block was read,
  2920.     the function will read as many as it can, and after that return
  2921.     eax=6 (EOF).
  2922.   * Function can read root folders /rd/1,/fd/x,/hd[n]/x, but
  2923.     in the first two cases the current implementation does not follow
  2924.     to the declared rules:
  2925.     for /rd/1:
  2926.     * if one want to read 0 blocks, function considers,
  2927.       that he requested 1;
  2928.     * if one requests more than 14 blocks or starting block is
  2929.       not less than 14, function returns eax=5 (not found) è ebx=-1;
  2930.     * size of ramdisk root folder is 14 blocks,
  2931.       0x1C00=7168 áàéò; but function returns ebx=0
  2932.       (except of the case of previous item);
  2933.     * strangely enough, it is possible to read 14th block (which
  2934.       generally contains a garbage - I remind, the indexing begins
  2935.       from 0);
  2936.     * if some block with the number not less than 14 was requested,
  2937.       function returns eax=6(EOF); otherwise eax=0.
  2938.     For /fd/x:
  2939.     * if the start block is not less than 14, function returns
  2940.       eax=5 (not found) and ebx=0;
  2941.     * note that format of FAT12 allows floppies with the root size
  2942.       more or less than 14 blocks;
  2943.     * check for length is not performed;
  2944.     * if data was successful read, function returns
  2945.       eax=0,ebx=0; otherwise eax=10 (access denied), ebx=-1.
  2946.   * The function handles reading of special folders /,/rd,/fd,/hd[n];
  2947.     but the result does not correspond to expected (on operations with
  2948.     normal files/folders), does not follow the declared rules,
  2949.     may be changed in future versions of the kernel and consequently
  2950.     is not described. To obtain the information about the equipment
  2951.     use subfunction 11 of function 18 or
  2952.     read corresponding folder with subfunction 1 of function 70.
  2953.  
  2954. ======================================================================
  2955. ============= Function 58, subfunction 1 - rewrite file. =============
  2956. ======================================================================
  2957. If the file does not exist, it is created.
  2958. If the file exists, it is rewritten.
  2959. Parameters:
  2960.   * eax = 58 - function number
  2961.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  2962. Format of the information structure:
  2963.   * +0: dword: 1 = subfunction number
  2964.   * +4: dword: ignored (set to 0)
  2965.   * +8: dword: number of bytes to write
  2966.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: pointer to data to write
  2967.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer for system operations
  2968.     (4096 bytes)
  2969.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  2970.     given in the general description
  2971. Returned value:
  2972.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  2973.   * ebx destroyed
  2974. Remarks:
  2975.   * This function is obsolete, use subfunction 2 of function 70.
  2976.  
  2977. ======================================================================
  2978. ========= Function 58, subfunction 8 - LBA-read from device. =========
  2979. ======================================================================
  2980. Parameters:
  2981.   * eax = 58 - function number
  2982.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  2983. Format of the information structure:
  2984.   * +0: dword: 8 = subfunction number
  2985.   * +4: dword: number of block to read (beginning from 0)
  2986.   * +8: dword: ignored (set to 1)
  2987.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: pointer to buffer for data (512 bytes)
  2988.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer for system operations
  2989.     (4096 bytes)
  2990.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of device: case-insensitive, one of
  2991.     /rd/1 = /RamDisk/1, /hd/n = /HardDisk/n,
  2992.     1<=n<=4 - number of device: 1=IDE0, ..., 4=IDE3.
  2993.     Instead of digits it is allowed, though not recommended for
  2994.     convenience of transition to future extensions, to use
  2995.     'first','second','third','fourth'.
  2996. Returned value:
  2997.   * for device name /hd/xxx, where xxx is not in the list above:
  2998.     * eax = ebx = 1
  2999.   * for invalid device name (except for the previous case):
  3000.     * eax = 5
  3001.     * ebx does not change
  3002.   * if LBA-access is disabled by subfunction 11 of function 21:
  3003.     * eax = 2
  3004.     * ebx destroyed
  3005.   * for ramdisk: attempt to read block outside ramdisk
  3006.     (18*2*80 blocks) results in
  3007.     * eax = 3
  3008.     * ebx = 0
  3009.   * for successful read:
  3010.     * eax = ebx = 0
  3011. Remarks:
  3012.   * Block size is 512 bytes; function reads one block.
  3013.   * Do not depend on returned value, it can be changed
  3014.     in future versions.
  3015.   * Function requires that LBA-access to devices is enabled by
  3016.     subfunction 11 of function 21. To check this one can use
  3017.     subfunction 11 of function 26.
  3018.   * LBA-read of floppy is not supported.
  3019.   * Function reads data on physical hard drive; if for any reason
  3020.     data of the concrete partition are required, application must
  3021.     define starting sector of this partition (either directly
  3022.     through MBR, or from the full structure returned by
  3023.     ïîäôóíêöèåé 11 ôóíêöèè 18).
  3024.   * Function does not check error code of hard disk, so request of
  3025.     nonexisting sector reads something (most probably it will be
  3026.     zeroes, but this is defined by device) and this is considered
  3027.     as success (eax=0).
  3028.  
  3029. ======================================================================
  3030. ==== Function 58, subfunction 15 - get information on file system. ===
  3031. ======================================================================
  3032. Parameters:
  3033.   * eax = 58 - function number
  3034.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  3035. Format of the information structure:
  3036.   * +0: dword: 15 = subfunction number
  3037.   * +4: dword: ignored
  3038.   * +8: dword: ignored
  3039.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: ignored
  3040.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: ignored
  3041.   * +20 = +0x14: (only second character is checked)
  3042.     /rd=/RAMDISK or /hd=/HARDDISK
  3043. Returned value:
  3044.   * if the second character does not belong to set {'r','R','h','H'}:
  3045.     * eax = 3
  3046.     * ebx = ecx = dword [fileinfo] = 0
  3047.   * for ramdisk:
  3048.     * eax = 0 (success)
  3049.     * ebx = total number of clusters = 2847
  3050.     * ecx = number of free clusters
  3051.     * dword [fileinfo] = cluster size = 512
  3052.   * for hard disk: base and partition are defined by subfunctions
  3053.     7 and 8 of function 21:
  3054.     * eax = 0 (success)
  3055.     * ebx = total number of clusters
  3056.     * ecx = number of free clusters
  3057.     * dword [fileinfo] = cluster size (in bytes)
  3058. Remarks:
  3059.   * Be not surprised to strange layout of 4th returned parameter
  3060.     - when this code was writing, at system calls application got
  3061.     only registers eax,ebx,ecx (from pushad-structure transmitted
  3062.     as argument to the system function). Now it is corrected, so,
  3063.     probably, it is meaningful to return cluster size in edx, while
  3064.     this function is not used yet.
  3065.   * There exists also subfunction 11 of function 18,
  3066.     which returns information on file system. From the full table
  3067.     of disk subsystem it is possible to deduce cluster size (there
  3068.     it is stored in sectors) and total number of clusters
  3069.     for hard disks.
  3070.  
  3071. ======================================================================
  3072. ========== Function 60 - Inter Process Communication (IPC). ==========
  3073. ======================================================================
  3074. IPC is used for message dispatching from one process/thread to
  3075. another. Previously it is necessary to agree how to interpret
  3076. the concrete message.
  3077.  
  3078. ----------- Subfunction 1 - set the area for IPC receiving -----------
  3079. Is called by process-receiver.
  3080. Parameters:
  3081.   * eax = 60 - function number
  3082.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  3083.   * ecx = pointer to the buffer
  3084.   * edx = size of the buffer
  3085. Returned value:
  3086.   * eax = 0 - always success
  3087. Format of IPC-buffer:
  3088.   * +0: dword: if nonzero, buffer is considered locked;
  3089.     lock/unlock the buffer, when you work with it and need that
  3090.     buffer data are not changed from outside (no new messages)
  3091.   * +4: dword: occupied place in the buffer (in bytes)
  3092.   * +8: first message
  3093.   * +8+n: second message
  3094.   * ...
  3095. Format of a message:
  3096.   * +0: dword: PID of sender
  3097.   * +4: dword: message length (not including this header)
  3098.   * +8: n*byte: message data
  3099.  
  3100. ------------------ Subfunction 2 - send IPC message ------------------
  3101. Is called by process-sender.
  3102. Parameters:
  3103.   * eax = 60 - function number
  3104.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  3105.   * ecx = PID of receiver
  3106.   * edx = pointer to the message data
  3107.   * esi = message length (in bytes)
  3108. Returned value:
  3109.   * eax = 0 - success
  3110.   * eax = 1 - the receiver has not defined buffer for IPC messages
  3111.     (can be, still have no time,
  3112.     and can be, this is not right process)
  3113.   * eax = 2 - the receiver has blocked IPC-buffer; try to wait a bit
  3114.   * eax = 3 - overflow of IPC-buffer of the receiver
  3115.   * eax = 4 - process/thread with such PID does not exist
  3116. Remarks:
  3117.   * Immediately after writing of IPC-message to the buffer the system
  3118.     sends to the receiver the event with code 7 (see event codes).
  3119.  
  3120. ======================================================================
  3121. ==== Function 61 - get parameters for the direct graphics access. ====
  3122. ======================================================================
  3123. The data of the graphics screen (the memory area which displays
  3124. screen contents) are accessible to a program directly, without
  3125. any system calls, through the selector gs:
  3126.         mov     eax, [gs:0]
  3127. places in eax the first dword of the buffer, which contains
  3128. information on color of the left upper point (and, possibly, colors
  3129. of several following).
  3130.         mov     [gs:0], eax
  3131. by work in VESA modes with LFB sets color of the left upper point
  3132. (and, possibly, colors of several following).
  3133. To interpret the data of graphics screen program needs to know
  3134. some parameters, returning by this function.
  3135. Remarks:
  3136.   * Graphics parameters changes very seldom at work,
  3137.     namely, only in cases, when user works with the application VRR.
  3138.   * At videomode change the system redraws all windows (event
  3139.     with code 1) and redraws the background (event 5).
  3140.     Same events occur in other cases too, which meet much more often,
  3141.     than videomode change.
  3142.   * By operation in videomodes with LFB the selector gs points to
  3143.     LFB itself, so reading/writing on gs result directly in
  3144.     change of screen contents. By operation in videomodes without
  3145.     LFB gs points to some data area in the kernel, and all functions
  3146.     of screen output fulfil honesty double operation on writing
  3147.     directly to the screen and writing to this buffer. In result
  3148.     at reading contents of this buffer the results correspond to
  3149.     screen contents (with, generally speaking, large color
  3150.     resolution), and writing is ignored.
  3151.     One exception is the mode 320*200, for which main loop of the
  3152.     system thread updates the screen according to mouse movements.
  3153.  
  3154. ------------------------- Screen resolution --------------------------
  3155. Parameters:
  3156.   * eax = 61 - function number
  3157.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  3158. Returned value:
  3159.   * eax = [resolution on x axis]*65536 + [resolution on y axis]
  3160. Remarks:
  3161.   * One can use function 14 paying attention that
  3162.     it returns sizes on 1 pixel less. It is fully equivalent way.
  3163.  
  3164. ---------------------- Number of bits per pixel ----------------------
  3165. Parameters:
  3166.   * eax = 61 - function number
  3167.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  3168. Returned value:
  3169.   * eax = number of bits per pixel (24 or 32)
  3170.  
  3171. -------------------- Number of bytes per scanline --------------------
  3172. Parameters:
  3173.   * eax = 61 - function number
  3174.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  3175. Returned value:
  3176.   * eax = number of bytes occupied by one scanline
  3177.     (horizontal line on the screen)
  3178.  
  3179. ======================================================================
  3180. ===== Function 62, subfunction 0 - get version of PCI-interface. =====
  3181. ======================================================================
  3182. Parameters:
  3183.   * eax = 62 - function number
  3184.   * bl = 0 - subfunction number
  3185. Returned value:
  3186.   * eax = -1 - PCI access is disabled; otherwise
  3187.   * ah.al = version of PCI-interface (ah=version, al=subversion)
  3188.   * high word of eax is zeroed
  3189. Remarks:
  3190.   * Previously low-level access to PCI for applications must be
  3191.     enabled by subfunction 12 of function 21.
  3192.   * If PCI BIOS is not supported, the value of ax is undefined.
  3193.  
  3194. ======================================================================
  3195. ==== Function 62, subfunction 1 - get number of the last PCI-bus. ====
  3196. ======================================================================
  3197. Parameters:
  3198.   * eax = 62 - function number
  3199.   * bl = 1 - subfunction number
  3200. Returned value:
  3201.   * eax = -1 - access to PCI is disabled; otherwise
  3202.   * al = number of the last PCI-bus; other bytes of eax are destroyed
  3203. Remarks:
  3204.   * Previously low-level access to PCI for applications must be
  3205.     enabled by subfunction 12 of function 21.
  3206.   * If PCI BIOS is not supported, the value of ax is undefined.
  3207.  
  3208. ======================================================================
  3209. ===================== Function 62, subfunction 2 =====================
  3210. ===== Get mechanism of addressing to the PCI configuration space. ====
  3211. ======================================================================
  3212. Parameters:
  3213.   * eax = 62 - function number
  3214.   * bl = 2 - subfunction number
  3215. Returned value:
  3216.   * eax = -1 - access to PCI is disabled; otherwise
  3217.   * al = mechanism (1 or 2); other bytes of eax are destroyed
  3218. Remarks:
  3219.   * Previously low-level access to PCI for applications must be
  3220.     enabled by subfunction 12 of function 21.
  3221.   * Addressing mechanism is selected depending on
  3222.     equipment characteristics.
  3223.   * Subfunctions of read and write work automatically
  3224.     with the selected mechanism.
  3225.  
  3226. ======================================================================
  3227. ======== Function 62, subfunctions 4,5,6 - read PCI-register. ========
  3228. ======================================================================
  3229. Parameters:
  3230.   * eax = 62 - function number
  3231.   * bl = 4 - read byte
  3232.   * bl = 5 - read word
  3233.   * bl = 6 - read dword
  3234.   * bh = number of PCI-bus
  3235.   * ch = dddddfff, where ddddd = number of the device on the bus,
  3236.     fff = function number of device
  3237.   * cl = number of register (must be even for bl=5,
  3238.     divisible by 4 for bl=6)
  3239. Returned value:
  3240.   * eax = -1 - error (access to PCI is disabled or parameters
  3241.     are not supported); otherwise
  3242.   * al/ax/eax (depending on requested size) contains the data;
  3243.     the other part of register eax is destroyed
  3244. Remarks:
  3245.   * Previously low-level access to PCI for applications must be
  3246.     enabled by subfunction 12 of function 21.
  3247.   * Access mechanism 2 supports only 16 devices on a bus and ignores
  3248.     function number. To get access mechanism use subfunction 2.
  3249.   * Some registers are standard and exist for all devices, some are
  3250.     defined by the concrete device. The list of registers of the
  3251.     first type can be found e.g. in famous
  3252.     Interrupt List by Ralf Brown
  3253.     (http://www.pobox.com/~ralf/files.html,
  3254.     ftp://ftp.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/user/ralf/pub/);
  3255.     registers of the second type must be listed
  3256.     in the device documentation.
  3257.  
  3258. ======================================================================
  3259. ====== Function 62, subfunctions 8,9,10 - write to PCI-register. =====
  3260. ======================================================================
  3261. Parameters:
  3262.   * eax = 62 - function number
  3263.   * bl = 8 - write byte
  3264.   * bl = 9 - write word
  3265.   * bl = 10 - write dword
  3266.   * bh = number of PCI-bus
  3267.   * ch = dddddfff, where ddddd = number of the device on the bus,
  3268.     fff = function number of device
  3269.   * cl = number of register (must be even for bl=9,
  3270.     divisible by 4 for bl=10)
  3271.   * dl/dx/edx (depending on requested size) contatins
  3272.     the data to write
  3273. Returned value:
  3274.   * eax = -1 - error (access to PCI is disabled or parameters
  3275.     are not supported)
  3276.   * eax = 0 - success
  3277. Remarks:
  3278.   * Previously low-level access to PCI for applications must be
  3279.     enabled by subfunction 12 of function 21.
  3280.   * Access mechanism 2 supports only 16 devices on a bus and ignores
  3281.     function number. To get access mechanism use subfunction 2.
  3282.   * Some registers are standard and exist for all devices, some are
  3283.     defined by the concrete device. The list of registers of the
  3284.     first type can be found e.g. in famous Interrupt List by
  3285.     Ralf Brown; registers of the second type must be listed
  3286.     in the device documentation.
  3287.  
  3288. ======================================================================
  3289. ============== Function 63 - work with the debug board. ==============
  3290. ======================================================================
  3291. The debug board is the global system buffer (with the size
  3292. 512 bytes), to which any program can write (generally speaking,
  3293. arbitrary) data and from which other program can read these data.
  3294. By the agreement written data are text strings interpreted as
  3295. debug messages on a course of program execution. The kernel in
  3296. some situations also writes to the debug board information on
  3297. execution of some functions; by the agreement kernel messages
  3298. begins from the prefix "K : ".
  3299. For view of the debug board the application 'board' was created,
  3300. which reads data from the buffer and displays them in its window.
  3301. 'board' interpretes the sequence of codes 13,10 as newline.
  3302. A character with null code in an end of line is not necessary,
  3303. but also does not prevent.
  3304. Because debugger has been written, the value of the debug board
  3305. has decreased, as debugger allows to inspect completely a course of
  3306. program execution without any efforts from the direction of program
  3307. itself. Nevertheless in some cases the debug board is still useful.
  3308.  
  3309. ----------------------------- Write byte -----------------------------
  3310. Parameters:
  3311.   * eax = 63 - function number
  3312.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  3313.   * cl = data byte
  3314. Returned value:
  3315.   * function does not return value
  3316. Remarks:
  3317.   * Byte is written to the buffer. Buffer size is 512 bytes.
  3318.     At buffer overflow all obtained data are lost.
  3319.   * For output to the debug board of more complicated objects
  3320.     (strings, numbers) it is enough to call this function in cycle.
  3321.     It is possible not to write the appropriate code manually and use
  3322.     file 'debug.inc', which is included into the distributive.
  3323.  
  3324. ----------------------------- Read byte ------------------------------
  3325. Takes away byte from the buffer.
  3326. Parameters:
  3327.   * eax = 63 - function number
  3328.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  3329. Returned value:
  3330.   * eax = ebx = 0 - the buffer is empty
  3331.   * eax = byte, ebx = 1 - byte was successfully read
  3332.  
  3333. ======================================================================
  3334. ============== Function 64 - resize application memory. ==============
  3335. ======================================================================
  3336. Parameters:
  3337.   * eax = 64 - function number
  3338.   * ebx = 1 - unique subfunction
  3339.   * ecx = new memory size
  3340. Returned value:
  3341.   * eax = 0 - success
  3342.   * eax = 1 - not enough memory
  3343. Remarks:
  3344.   * There is another way to dynamically allocate/free memory -
  3345.     subfunctions 11, 12, 13 of function 68.
  3346.   * The function cannot be used together with 68.11, 68.12, 68.13.
  3347.     The function call will be ignored after creation of process heap
  3348.     with function 68.11.
  3349.  
  3350. ======================================================================
  3351. ======== Function 65 - draw image with palette in the window. ========
  3352. ======================================================================
  3353. Parameters:
  3354.   * eax = 65 - function number
  3355.   * ebx = pointer to the image
  3356.   * ecx = [size on axis x]*65536 + [size on axis y]
  3357.   * edx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [coordinate on axis y]
  3358.   * esi = number of bits per pixel, must be 8, 24 or 32
  3359.   * edi = pointer to palette (256 colors 0x00RRGGBB);
  3360.           ignored when esi = 24 and 32
  3361.   * ebp = offset of next row data relative to previous row data
  3362. Returned value:
  3363.   * function does not return value
  3364. Remarks:
  3365.   * Coordinates of the image are coordinates of the upper left corner
  3366.     of the image relative to the window.
  3367.   * Size of the image in bytes is xsize*ysize.
  3368.   * Each byte of image is index in the palette.
  3369.   * If the image uses less than 256 colors, palette size may be
  3370.     less than 256 too.
  3371.   * The call to function 7 is equivalent to call to this function
  3372.     with esi=24, ebp=0.
  3373.  
  3374. ======================================================================
  3375. ================== Function 66 - work with keyboard. =================
  3376. ======================================================================
  3377. The input mode influences results of reading keys by function 2.
  3378. When a program loads, ASCII input mode is set for it.
  3379.  
  3380. -------------- Subfunction 1 - set keyboard input mode. --------------
  3381. Parameters:
  3382.   * eax = 66 - function number
  3383.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  3384.   * ecx = mode:
  3385.     * 0 = normal (ASCII-characters)
  3386.     * 1 = scancodes
  3387. Returned value:
  3388.   * function does not return value
  3389.  
  3390. -------------- Subfunction 2 - get keyboard input mode. --------------
  3391. Parameters:
  3392.   * eax = 66 - function number
  3393.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  3394. Returned value:
  3395.   * eax = current mode
  3396.  
  3397. ------------ Subfunction 3 - get status of control keys. -------------
  3398. Parameters:
  3399.   * eax = 66 - function number
  3400.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  3401. Returned value:
  3402.   * eax = bit mask:
  3403.   * bit 0 (mask 1): left Shift is pressed
  3404.   * bit 1 (mask 2): right Shift is pressed
  3405.   * bit 2 (mask 4): left Ctrl is pressed
  3406.   * bit 3 (mask 8): right Ctrl is pressed
  3407.   * bit 4 (mask 0x10): left Alt is pressed
  3408.   * bit 5 (mask 0x20): right Alt is pressed
  3409.   * bit 6 (mask 0x40): CapsLock is on
  3410.   * bit 7 (mask 0x80): NumLock is on
  3411.   * bit 8 (mask 0x100): ScrollLock is on
  3412.   * other bits are cleared
  3413.  
  3414. -------------- Subfunction 4 - set system-wide hotkey. ---------------
  3415. When hotkey is pressed, the system notifies only those applications,
  3416. which have installed it; the active application (which receives
  3417. all normal input) does not receive such keys.
  3418. The notification consists in sending event with the code 2.
  3419. Reading hotkey is the same as reading normal key - by function 2.
  3420. Parameters:
  3421.   * eax = 66 - function number
  3422.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  3423.   * cl determines key scancode;
  3424.     use cl=0 to give combinations such as Ctrl+Shift
  3425.   * edx = 0xXYZ determines possible states of control keys:
  3426.     * Z (low 4 bits) determines state of LShift and RShift:
  3427.       * 0 = no key must be pressed;
  3428.       * 1 = exactly one key must be pressed;
  3429.       * 2 = both keys must be pressed;
  3430.       * 3 = must be pressed LShift, but not RShift;
  3431.       * 4 = must be pressed RShift, but not LShift
  3432.     * Y - similar for LCtrl and RCtrl;
  3433.     * X - similar for LAlt and RAlt
  3434. Returned value:
  3435.   * eax=0 - success
  3436.   * eax=1 - too mant hotkeys (maximum 256 are allowed)
  3437. Remarks:
  3438.   * Hotkey can work either at pressing or at release. Release
  3439.     scancode of a key is more on 128 than pressing scancode
  3440.     (i.e. high bit is set).
  3441.   * Several applications can set the same combination;
  3442.     all such applications will be informed on pressing
  3443.     such combination.
  3444.  
  3445. -------------- Subfunction 5 - delete installed hotkey. --------------
  3446. Parameters:
  3447.   * eax = 66 - function number
  3448.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  3449.   * cl = scancode of key and edx = 0xXYZ the same as in subfunction 4
  3450. Returned value:
  3451.   * eax = 0 - success
  3452.   * eax = 1 - there is no such hotkey
  3453. Remarks:
  3454.   * When a process/thread terminates, all hotkey installed by it are
  3455.     deleted.
  3456.   * The call to this subfunction does not affect other applications.
  3457.     If other application has defined the same combination, it will
  3458.     still receive notices.
  3459.  
  3460. ======================================================================
  3461. ========= Function 67 - change position/sizes of the window. =========
  3462. ======================================================================
  3463. Parameters:
  3464.   * eax = 67 - function number
  3465.   * ebx = new x-coordinate of the window
  3466.   * ecx = new y-coordinate of the window
  3467.   * edx = new x-size of the window
  3468.   * esi = new y-size of the window
  3469. Returned value:
  3470.   * function does not return value
  3471. Remarks:
  3472.   * The value -1 for a parameter means "do not change"; e.g. to move
  3473.     the window without resizing it is possible to specify edx=esi=-1.
  3474.   * Previously the window must be defined by function 0.
  3475.     It sets initial coordinates and sizes of the window.
  3476.   * Sizes of the window are understood in sense of function 0,
  3477.     that is one pixel less than real sizes.
  3478.   * The function call for maximized windows is simply ignored.
  3479.   * For windows of appropriate styles position and/or sizes can be
  3480.     changed by user; current position and sizes can be obtained by
  3481.     call to function 9.
  3482.   * The function sends to the window redraw event (with the code 1).
  3483.  
  3484. ======================================================================
  3485. ====== Function 68, subfunction 0 - get the task switch counter. =====
  3486. ======================================================================
  3487. Parameters:
  3488.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3489.   * ebx = 0 - subfunction number
  3490. Returned value:
  3491.   * eax = number of task switches from the system booting
  3492.     (modulo 2^32)
  3493.  
  3494. ======================================================================
  3495. ======= Function 68, subfunction 1 - switch to the next thread. ======
  3496. ======================================================================
  3497. The function completes the current time slice allocated to the
  3498. thread and switches to the next. (Which thread in which process
  3499. will be next, is unpredictable). Later, when execution queue
  3500. will reach the current thread, execution will be continued.
  3501. Parameters:
  3502.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3503.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  3504. Returned value:
  3505.   * function does not return value
  3506.  
  3507. ======================================================================
  3508. ============= Function 68, subfunction 2 - cache + rdpmc. ============
  3509. ======================================================================
  3510. Parameters:
  3511.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3512.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  3513.   * ecx = required action:
  3514.     * ecx = 0 - enable instruction 'rdpmc'
  3515.       (ReaD Performance-Monitoring Counters) for applications
  3516.     * ecx = 1 - find out whether cache is disabled/enabled
  3517.     * ecx = 2 - enable cache
  3518.     * ecx = 3 - disable cache
  3519. Returned value:
  3520.   * for ecx=0:
  3521.     * eax = the value of cr4
  3522.   * for ecx=1:
  3523.     * eax = (cr0 and 0x60000000):
  3524.     * eax = 0 - cache is on
  3525.     * eax <> 0 - cache is off
  3526.   * for ecx=2 and ecx=3:
  3527.     * function does not return value
  3528.  
  3529. ======================================================================
  3530. =========== Function 68, subfunction 3 - read MSR-register. ==========
  3531. ======================================================================
  3532. MSR = Model Specific Register; the complete list of MSR-registers
  3533. of a processor is included to the documentation on it (for example,
  3534. IA-32 Intel Architecture Software Developer's Manual,
  3535. Volume 3, Appendix B); each processor family has its own subset
  3536. of the MSR-registers.
  3537. Parameters:
  3538.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3539.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  3540.   * ecx is ignored
  3541.   * edx = MSR address
  3542. Returned value:
  3543.   * ebx:eax = high:low dword of the result
  3544. Remarks:
  3545.   * If ecx contains nonexistent or not implemented for this processor
  3546.     MSR, processor will generate an exception in the kernel, which
  3547.     will kill the thread.
  3548.   * Previously it is necessary to check, whether MSRs are supported
  3549.     as a whole, with the instruction 'cpuid'. Otherwise processor
  3550.     will generate other exception in the kernel, which will anyway
  3551.     kill the thread.
  3552.  
  3553. ======================================================================
  3554. ========= Function 68, subfunction 4 - write to MSR-register. ========
  3555. ======================================================================
  3556. MSR = Model Specific Register; the complete list of MSR-registers
  3557. of a processor is included to the documentation on it (for example,
  3558. IA-32 Intel Architecture Software Developer's Manual,
  3559. Volume 3, Appendix B); each processor family has its own subset
  3560. of the MSR-registers.
  3561. Parameters:
  3562.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3563.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  3564.   * ecx is ignored
  3565.   * edx = MSR address
  3566.   * esi:edi = high:low dword
  3567. Returned value:
  3568.   * ebx:eax = copy of esi:edi
  3569. Çàìå÷àíèÿ:
  3570.   * If ecx contains nonexistent or not implemented for this processor
  3571.     MSR, processor will generate an exception in the kernel, which
  3572.     will kill the thread.
  3573.   * Previously it is necessary to check, whether MSRs are supported
  3574.     as a whole, with the instruction 'cpuid'. Otherwise processor
  3575.     will generate other exception in the kernel, which will anyway
  3576.     kill the thread.
  3577.  
  3578. ======================================================================
  3579. ======= Function 68, subfunction 11 - initialize process heap. =======
  3580. ======================================================================
  3581. Parameters:
  3582.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3583.   * ebx = 11 - subfunction number
  3584. Returned value:
  3585.   * eax = 0 - failed
  3586.   * otherwise size of created heap
  3587. Remarks:
  3588.   * The function call initializes heap, from which one can in future
  3589.     allocate and free memory blocks with subfunctions 12 and 13.
  3590.     Heap size is equal to total amount of free application memory.
  3591.   * The second function call from the same process results in
  3592.     returning the size of the existing heap.
  3593.   * After creation of the heap calls to function 64 will be ignored.
  3594.  
  3595. ======================================================================
  3596. ======== Function 68, subfunction 12 - allocate memory block. ========
  3597. ======================================================================
  3598. Parameters:
  3599.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3600.   * ebx = 12 - subfunction number
  3601.   * ecx = required size in bytes
  3602. Returned value:
  3603.   * eax = pointer to the allocated block
  3604. Remarks:
  3605.   * Before this call one must initialize process heap by call to
  3606.     subfunction 11.
  3607.   * The function allocates an integer number of pages (4 Kb) in such
  3608.     way that the real size of allocated block is more than or equal to
  3609.     requested size.
  3610.  
  3611. ======================================================================
  3612. ========== Function 68, subfunction 13 - free memory block. ==========
  3613. ======================================================================
  3614. Parameters:
  3615.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3616.   * ebx = 13 - subfunction number
  3617.   * ecx = pointer to the memory block
  3618. Returned value:
  3619.   * eax = 1 - success
  3620.   * eax = 0 - failed
  3621. Remarks:
  3622.   * The memory block must have been allocated by subfunction 12.
  3623.  
  3624. ======================================================================
  3625. ======== Function 68, subfunction 14 - wait for driver notify. =======
  3626. ======================================================================
  3627. Parameters:
  3628.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3629.   * ebx = 14 - subfunction number
  3630.   * ecx = pointer to the buffer for information (8 bytes)
  3631. Returned value:
  3632.   * buffer pointed to by ecx contains the following information:
  3633.     * +0: dword: constant EV_INTR = 1
  3634.     * +4: dword: driver data
  3635. Remarks:
  3636.   * The current implementation at wait time uses "heavy" operations
  3637.     of task switch.
  3638.  
  3639. ======================================================================
  3640. ====== Function 68, subfunction 15 - set FPU exception handler. ======
  3641. ======================================================================
  3642. Parameters:
  3643.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3644.   * ebx = 15 - subfunction number
  3645.   * ecx = address of the new exception handler
  3646. Returned value:
  3647.   * eax = address of the old exception handler (0, if it was not set)
  3648.  
  3649. ======================================================================
  3650. ============= Function 68, subfunction 16 - load driver. =============
  3651. ======================================================================
  3652. Parameters:
  3653.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3654.   * ebx = 16 - subfunction number
  3655.   * ecx = pointer to ASCIIZ-string with driver name
  3656. Returned value:
  3657.   * eax = 0 - failed
  3658.   * otherwise eax = driver handle
  3659. Remarks:
  3660.   * If the driver was not loaded yet, it is loaded;
  3661.     if the driver was loaded yet, nothing happens.
  3662.   * Driver name is case-sensitive.
  3663.     Maximum length of the name is 16 characters, including
  3664.     terminating null character, the rest is ignored.
  3665.   * The function can load only drivers which are registered in the
  3666.     system; the current implementation contains
  3667.     exactly 2 such drivers:
  3668.     * name SOUND, file /rd/1/drivers/unisound.obj
  3669.     * name INFINITY, file /rd/1/drivers/infinity.obj
  3670.  
  3671. ======================================================================
  3672. ============ Function 68, subfunction 17 - driver control. ===========
  3673. ======================================================================
  3674. Parameters:
  3675.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3676.   * ebx = 17 - subfunction number
  3677.   * ecx = pointer to the control structure:
  3678.     * +0: dword: handle of driver
  3679.     * +4: dword: code of driver function
  3680.     * +8: dword: pointer to input data
  3681.     * +12 = +0xC: dword: size of input data
  3682.     * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to output data
  3683.     * +20 = +0x14: dword: size of output data
  3684. Returned value:
  3685.   * eax = determined by driver
  3686. Remarks:
  3687.   * Function codes and the structure of input/output data
  3688.     are defined by driver.
  3689.   * Previously one must obtain driver handle by subfunction 16.
  3690.  
  3691. ======================================================================
  3692. ====== Function 68, subfunction 18 - set SSE exception handler. ======
  3693. ======================================================================
  3694. Parameters:
  3695.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3696.   * ebx = 15 - subfunction number
  3697.   * ecx = address of the new exception handler
  3698. Returned value:
  3699.   * eax = address of the old exception handler (0, if it was not set)
  3700.  
  3701. ======================================================================
  3702. =============== Function 68, subfunction 19 - load DLL. ==============
  3703. ======================================================================
  3704. Parameters:
  3705.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3706.   * ebx = 19 - subfunction number
  3707.   * ecx = pointer to ASCIIZ-string with the full path to DLL
  3708. Returned value:
  3709.   * eax = 0 - failed
  3710.   * otherwise eax = pointer to DLL export table
  3711. Remarks:
  3712.   * Export table is an array of structures of 2 dword's, terminated
  3713.     by zero. The first dword in structure points to function name,
  3714.     the second dword contains address of function.
  3715.  
  3716. ======================================================================
  3717. ====================== Fucntion 69 - debugging. ======================
  3718. ======================================================================
  3719. A process can load other process as debugged by set of corresponding
  3720. bit by call to subfunction 7 of function 70.
  3721. A process can have only one debugger; one process can debug some
  3722. others. The system notifies debugger on events occuring with
  3723. debugged process. Messages are written to the buffer defined by
  3724. subfunction 0.
  3725. Format of a message:
  3726.   * +0: dword: message code
  3727.   * +4: dword: PID of debugged process
  3728.   * +8: there can be additional data depending on message code
  3729. Message codes:
  3730.   * 1 = exception
  3731.     * in addition dword-number of the exception is given
  3732.     * process is suspended
  3733.   * 2 = process has terminated
  3734.     * comes at any termination: both through the system function -1,
  3735.       and at "murder" by any other process (including debugger itself)
  3736.   * 3 = debug exception int 1 = #DB
  3737.     * in addition dword-image of the register DR6 is given:
  3738.       * bits 0-3: condition of the corresponding breakpoint (set by
  3739.         subfunction 9) is satisfied
  3740.       * áèò 14: exception has occured because of the trace mode
  3741.         (flag TF is set TF)
  3742.     * process is suspended
  3743. When debugger terminates, all debugged processes are killed.
  3744. If debugger does not want this, it must previously detach by
  3745. subfunction 3.
  3746.  
  3747. All subfunctions are applicable only to processes/threads started
  3748. from the current by function 58 or 70 with set debugging flag.
  3749. Debugging of multithreaded programs is not supported yet.
  3750. The full list of subfunctions:
  3751.   * subfunction 0 - define data area for debug messages
  3752.   * subfunction 1 - get contents of registers of debugged thread
  3753.   * subfunction 2 - set contents of registers of debugged thread
  3754.   * subfunction 3 - detach from debugged process
  3755.   * subfunction 4 - suspend debugged thread
  3756.   * subfunction 5 - resume debugged thread
  3757.   * subfunction 6 - read from the memory of debugged process
  3758.   * subfunction 7 - write to the memory of debugged process
  3759.   * subfunction 8 - terminate debugged thread
  3760.   * subfunction 9 - set/clear hardware breakpoint
  3761.  
  3762. ======================================================================
  3763. = Function 69, subfunction 0 - define data area fror debug messages. =
  3764. ======================================================================
  3765. Parameters:
  3766.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3767.   * ebx = 0 - subfunction number
  3768.   * ecx = pointer
  3769. Format of data area:
  3770.   * +0: dword: N = buffer size (not including this header)
  3771.   * +4: dword: occupied place
  3772.   * +8: N*byte: buffer
  3773. Returned value:
  3774.   * function does not return value
  3775. Remarks:
  3776.   * If the size field is negative, the buffer is considered locked
  3777.     and at arrival of new message the system will wait.
  3778.     For synchronization frame all work with the buffer by operations
  3779.     lock/unlock
  3780.         neg     [bufsize]
  3781.   * Data in the buffer are considered as array of items with variable
  3782.     length - messages. Format of a message is explained in
  3783.     general description.
  3784.  
  3785. ======================================================================
  3786. ===================== Function 69, subfunction 1 =====================
  3787. ============ Get contents of registers of debugged thread. ===========
  3788. ======================================================================
  3789. Parameters:
  3790.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3791.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  3792.   * ecx = thread identifier
  3793.   * edx = size of context structure, must be 0x28=40 bytes
  3794.   * esi = pointer to context structure
  3795. Returned value:
  3796.   * function does not return value
  3797. Format of context structure: (FPU is not supported yet)
  3798.   * +0: dword: eip
  3799.   * +4: dword: eflags
  3800.   * +8: dword: eax
  3801.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: ecx
  3802.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: edx
  3803.   * +20 = +0x14: dword: ebx
  3804.   * +24 = +0x18: dword: esp
  3805.   * +28 = +0x1C: dword: ebp
  3806.   * +32 = +0x20: dword: esi
  3807.   * +36 = +0x24: dword: edi
  3808. Remarks:
  3809.   * If the thread executes code of ring-0, the function returns
  3810.     contents of registers of ring-3.
  3811.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  3812.     general description).
  3813.  
  3814. ======================================================================
  3815. ===================== Function 69, subfunction 2 =====================
  3816. ============ Set contents of registers of debugged thread. ===========
  3817. ======================================================================
  3818. Parameters:
  3819.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3820.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  3821.   * ecx = thread identifier
  3822.   * edx = size of context structure, must be 0x28=40 bytes
  3823. Returned value:
  3824.   * function does not return value
  3825. Format of context structure is shown in the description of
  3826. subfunction 1.
  3827. Remarks:
  3828.   * If the thread executes code of ring-0, the function returns
  3829.     contents of registers of ring-3.
  3830.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  3831.     general description).
  3832.  
  3833. ======================================================================
  3834. ===== Function 69, subfunction 3 - detach from debugged process. =====
  3835. ======================================================================
  3836. Parameters:
  3837.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3838.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  3839.   * ecx = identifier
  3840. Returned value:
  3841.   * function does not return value
  3842. Remarks:
  3843.   * If the process was suspended, it resumes execution.
  3844.  
  3845. ======================================================================
  3846. ======== Function 69, subfunction 4 - suspend debugged thread. =======
  3847. ======================================================================
  3848. Parameters:
  3849.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3850.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  3851.   * ecx = thread identifier
  3852. Returned value:
  3853.   * function does not return value
  3854. Remarks:
  3855.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  3856.     general description).
  3857.  
  3858. ======================================================================
  3859. ======== Function 69, subfunction 5 - resume debugged thread. ========
  3860. ======================================================================
  3861. Parameters:
  3862.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3863.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  3864.   * ecx = thread identifier
  3865. Returned value:
  3866.   * function does not return value
  3867. Remarks:
  3868.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  3869.     general description).
  3870.  
  3871. ======================================================================
  3872. = Fucntion 69, subfunction 6 - read from memory of debugged process. =
  3873. ======================================================================
  3874. Parameters:
  3875.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3876.   * ebx = 6 - subfunction number
  3877.   * ecx = identifier
  3878.   * edx = number of bytes to read
  3879.   * esi = address in the memory of debugged process
  3880.   * edi = pointer to buffer for data
  3881. Returned value:
  3882.   * eax = -1 at an error (invalid PID or buffer)
  3883.   * otherwise eax = number of read bytes (possibly, 0,
  3884.     if esi is too large)
  3885. Remarks:
  3886.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  3887.     general description).
  3888.  
  3889. ======================================================================
  3890. == Function 69, subfunction 7 - write to memory of debugged process. =
  3891. ======================================================================
  3892. Parameters:
  3893.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3894.   * ebx = 7 - subfunction number
  3895.   * ecx = identifier
  3896.   * edx = number of bytes to write
  3897.   * esi = address of memory in debugged process
  3898.   * edi = pointer to data
  3899. Returned value:
  3900.   * eax = -1 at an error (invalid PID or buffer)
  3901.   * otherwise eax = number of written bytes (possibly, 0,
  3902.     if esi is too large)
  3903. Remarks:
  3904.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  3905.     general description).
  3906.  
  3907. ======================================================================
  3908. ======= Function 69, subfunction 8 - terminate debugged thread. ======
  3909. ======================================================================
  3910. Parameters:
  3911.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3912.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  3913.   * ecx = identifier
  3914. Returned value:
  3915.   * function does not return value
  3916. Remarks:
  3917.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  3918.     general description).
  3919.   * The function is similar to subfunction 2 of function 18
  3920.     with two differences: it requires first remark and
  3921.     accepts PID rather than slot number.
  3922.  
  3923. ======================================================================
  3924. ===== Function 69, subfunction 9 - set/clear hardware breakpoint. ====
  3925. ======================================================================
  3926. Parameters:
  3927.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3928.   * ebx = 9 - subfunction number
  3929.   * ecx = thread identifier
  3930.   * dl = index of breakpoint, from 0 to 3 inclusively
  3931.   * dh = flags:
  3932.     * if high bit is cleared - set breakpoint:
  3933.       * bits 0-1 - condition:
  3934.         * 00 = breakpoint on execution
  3935.         * 01 = breakpoint on read
  3936.         * 11 = breakpoint on read/write
  3937.       * bits 2-3 - length; for breakpoints on exception it must be
  3938.         00, otherwise one of
  3939.         * 00 = byte
  3940.         * 01 = word
  3941.         * 11 = dword
  3942.       * esi = breakpoint address; must be aligned according to
  3943.         the length (i.e. must be even for word breakpoints,
  3944.         divisible by 4 for dword)
  3945.     * if high bit is set - clear breakpoint
  3946. Returned value:
  3947.   * eax = 0 - success
  3948.   * eax = 1 - error in the input data
  3949.   * eax = 2 - (reserved, is never returned in the current
  3950.     implementation) a global breakpoint with that index is already set
  3951. Remarks:
  3952.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  3953.     general description).
  3954.   * Hardware breakpoints are implemented through DRx-registers of
  3955.     the processor, all limitations results from this.
  3956.   * The function can reinstall the breakpoint, previously set
  3957.     by it (and it does not inform on this).
  3958.     Carry on the list of set breakpoints in the debugger.
  3959.   * Breakpoints generate debug exception #DB, on which the system
  3960.     notifies debugger.
  3961.   * Breakpoints on write and read/write act after
  3962.     execution of the caused it instruction.
  3963.  
  3964. ======================================================================
  3965. ==== Function 70 - work with file system with long names support. ====
  3966. ======================================================================
  3967. Parameters:
  3968.   * eax = 70
  3969.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  3970. Returned value:
  3971.   * eax = 0 - success; otherwise file system error code
  3972.   * some subfunctions return value in other registers too
  3973. General format of the information structure:
  3974.   * +0: dword: subfunction number
  3975.   * +4: dword: file offset
  3976.   * +8: dword: high dword of offset (must be 0) or flags field
  3977.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: size
  3978.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to data
  3979.   * +20 = +0x14: n db: ASCIIZ-string with the filename
  3980.     or
  3981.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  3982.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with the filename
  3983. Specifications - in documentation on the appropriate subfunction.
  3984. Filename is case-insensitive. Russian letters must be written in
  3985. the encoding cp866 (DOS).
  3986. Format of filename:
  3987. /base/number/dir1/dir2/.../dirn/file,
  3988. where /base/number identifies device, on which file is located:
  3989. one of
  3990.   * /RD/1 = /RAMDISK/1 to access ramdisk
  3991.   * /FD/1 = /FLOPPYDISK/1 to access first floppy drive,
  3992.     /FD/2 = /FLOPPYDISK/2 to access second one
  3993.   * /HD0/x, /HD1/x, /HD2/x, /HD3/x to access accordingly to devices
  3994.     IDE0 (Primary Master), IDE1 (Primary Slave),
  3995.     IDE2 (Secondary Master), IDE3 (Secondary Slave);
  3996.     x - partition number on the selected hard drive, varies from 1
  3997.     to 255 (on each hard drive the indexing starts from 1)
  3998.   * /CD0/1, /CD1/1, /CD2/1, /CD3/1 to access accordingly to
  3999.     CD on IDE0 (Primary Master), IDE1 (Primary Slave),
  4000.     IDE2 (Secondary Master), IDE3 (Secondary Slave)
  4001. Examples:
  4002.   * '/rd/1/kernel.asm',0
  4003.   * '/HD0/1/kernel.asm',0
  4004.   * '/hd0/2/menuet/pics/tanzania.bmp',0
  4005.   * '/hd0/1/Program files/NameOfProgram/SomeFile.SomeExtension',0
  4006. Available subfunctions:
  4007.   * subfunction 0 - read file
  4008.   * subfunction 1 - read folder
  4009.   * subfunction 2 - create/rewrite file
  4010.   * subfunction 3 - write to existing file
  4011.   * subfunction 4 - set file size
  4012.   * subfunction 5 - get attributes of file/folder
  4013.   * subfunction 6 - set attributes of file/folder
  4014.   * subfunction 7 - start application
  4015.   * subfunction 8 - delete file/folder
  4016.   * subfunction 9 - create folder
  4017. For CD-drives due to hardware limitations only subfunctions
  4018. 0,1,5 and 7 are available, other subfunctions return error
  4019. with code 2.
  4020.  
  4021. ======================================================================
  4022. === Function 70, subfunction 0 - read file with long names support. ==
  4023. ======================================================================
  4024. Parameters:
  4025.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4026.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4027. Format of the information structure:
  4028.   * +0: dword: 0 = subfunction number
  4029.   * +4: dword: file offset (in bytes)
  4030.   * +8: dword: 0 (reserved for high dword of offset)
  4031.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: number of bytes to read
  4032.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer for data
  4033.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  4034.     given in the general description
  4035.     or
  4036.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4037.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4038. Returned value:
  4039.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4040.   * ebx = number of read bytes or -1=0xffffffff if file was not found
  4041. Remarks:
  4042.   * If file was ended before last requested block was read,
  4043.     the function will read as many as it can, and after that return
  4044.     eax=6 (EOF).
  4045.   * The function does not allow to read folder (returns eax=10,
  4046.     access denied).
  4047.  
  4048. ======================================================================
  4049. == Function 70, subfunction 1 - read folder with long names support. =
  4050. ======================================================================
  4051. Parameters:
  4052.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4053.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4054. Format of the information structure:
  4055.   * +0: dword: 1 = subfunction number
  4056.   * +4: dword: index of starting block (beginning from 0)
  4057.   * +8: dword: flags field:
  4058.     * bit 0 (mask 1): in what format to return names,
  4059.       0=ANSI, 1=UNICODE
  4060.     * other bits are reserved and must be set to 0 for the future
  4061.       compatibility
  4062.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: number of blocks to read
  4063.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer for data, buffer size
  4064.     must be not less than 32 + [+12]*560 bytes
  4065.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of folder, the rules of names forming are
  4066.     given in the general description
  4067.     or
  4068.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4069.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4070. Returned value:
  4071.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4072.   * ebx = number of files, information on which was written to
  4073.     the buffer, or -1=0xffffffff, if folder was not found
  4074. Structure of the buffer:
  4075.   * +0: 32*byte: header
  4076.   * +32 = +0x20: n1*byte: block with information on file 1
  4077.   * +32+n1: n2*byte: block with information on file 2
  4078.   * ...
  4079. Structure of header:
  4080.   * +0: dword: version of structure (current is 1)
  4081.   * +4: dword: number of placed blocks; is not greater than requested
  4082.     in the field +12 of information structure; can be less, if
  4083.     there are no more files in folder (the same as in ebx)
  4084.   * +8: dword: total number of files in folder
  4085.   * +12 = +0xC: 20*byte: reserved (zeroed)
  4086. Structure of block of data for folder entry (BDFE):
  4087.   * +0: dword: attributes of file:
  4088.     * bit 0 (mask 1): file is read-only
  4089.     * bit 1 (mask 2): file is hidden
  4090.     * bit 2 (mask 4): file is system
  4091.     * bit 3 (mask 8): this is not a file but volume label
  4092.       (for one partition meets no more than once and
  4093.       only in root folder)
  4094.     * bit 4 (mask 0x10): this is a folder
  4095.     * bit 5 (mask 0x20): file was not archived - many archivation
  4096.       programs have an option to archive only files with this bit set,
  4097.       and after archiving this bit is cleared - it can be useful
  4098.       for automatically creating of backup-archives as at writing
  4099.       this bit is usually set
  4100.   * +4: byte: type of name data:
  4101.     (coincides with bit 0 of flags in the information structure)
  4102.     * 0 = ASCII = 1-byte representation of each character
  4103.     * 1 = UNICODE = 2-byte representation of each character
  4104.   * +5: 3*byte: reserved (zero)
  4105.   * +8: 4*byte: time of file creation
  4106.   * +12 = +0xC: 4*byte: date of file creation
  4107.   * +16 = +0x10: 4*byte: time of last access (read or write)
  4108.   * +20 = +0x14: 4*byte: date of last access
  4109.   * +24 = +0x18: 4*byte: time of last modification
  4110.   * +28 = +0x1C: 4*byte: date of last modification
  4111.   * +32 = +0x20: qword: file size in bytes (up to 16777216 Tb)
  4112.   * +40 = +0x28: name
  4113.     * for ASCII format: maximum length is 263 characters
  4114.       (263 bytes), byte after the name has value 0
  4115.     * for UNICODE format: maximum length is 259 characters
  4116.       (518 bytes), 2 bytes after the name have value 0
  4117. Time format:
  4118.   * +0: byte: seconds
  4119.   * +1: byte: minutes
  4120.   * +2: byte: hours
  4121.   * +3: byte: reserved (0)
  4122.   * for example, 23.59.59 is written as (in hex) 3B 3B 17 00
  4123. Date format:
  4124.   * +0: byte: day
  4125.   * +1: byte: month
  4126.   * +2: word: year
  4127.   * for example, 25.11.1979 is written as (in hex) 19 0B BB 07
  4128. Remarks:
  4129.   * If BDFE contains ASCII name, the length of BDFE is 304 bytes,
  4130.     if UNICODE name - 560 bytes. Value of length is aligned
  4131.     on 16-byte bound (to accelerate processing in CPU cache).
  4132.   * First character after a name is zero (ASCIIZ-string). The further
  4133.     data contain garbage.
  4134.   * If files in folder were ended before requested number was read,
  4135.     the function will read as many as it can, and after that return
  4136.     eax=6 (EOF).
  4137.   * Any folder on the disk, except for root, contains two special
  4138.     entries "." and "..", identifying accordingly the folder itself
  4139.     and the parent folder.
  4140.   * The function allows also to read virtual folders "/", "/rd",
  4141.     "/fd", "/hd[n]", thus attributes of subfolders are set to 0x10,
  4142.     and times and dates are zeroed. An alternative way to get the
  4143.     equipment information - subfunction 11 of function 18.
  4144.  
  4145. ======================================================================
  4146. ===================== Function 70, subfunction 2 =====================
  4147. ============ Create/rewrite file with long names support. ============
  4148. ======================================================================
  4149. Parameters:
  4150.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4151.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4152. Format of the information structure:
  4153.   * +0: dword: 2 = subfunction number
  4154.   * +4: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4155.   * +8: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4156.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: number of bytes to read
  4157.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to data
  4158.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  4159.     given in the general description
  4160.     or
  4161.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4162.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4163. Returned value:
  4164.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4165.   * ebx = number of written bytes (possibly 0)
  4166. Remarks:
  4167.   * If a file with given name did not exist, it is created;
  4168.     if it existed, it is rewritten.
  4169.   * If there is not enough free space on disk, the function will
  4170.     write as many as can and then return error code 8.
  4171.   * The function is not supported for CD (returns error code 2).
  4172.  
  4173. ======================================================================
  4174. ===================== Function 70, subfunction 3 =====================
  4175. =========== Write to existing file with long names support. ==========
  4176. ======================================================================
  4177. Parameters:
  4178.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4179.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4180. Format of the information structure:
  4181.   * +0: dword: 3 = subfunction number
  4182.   * +4: dword: file offset (in bytes)
  4183.   * +8: dword: high dword of offset (must be 0 for FAT)
  4184.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: number of bytes to write
  4185.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to data
  4186.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  4187.     given in the general description
  4188.     or
  4189.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4190.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4191. Returned value:
  4192.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4193.   * ebx = number of written bytes (possibly 0)
  4194. Remarks:
  4195.   * The file must already exist, otherwise function returns eax=5.
  4196.   * The only result of write 0 bytes is update in the file attributes
  4197.     date/time of modification and access to the current date/time.
  4198.   * If beginning and/or ending position is greater than file size
  4199.     (except for the previous case), the file is expanded to needed
  4200.     size with zero characters.
  4201.   * The function is not supported for CD (returns error code 2).
  4202.  
  4203. ======================================================================
  4204. ============ Function 70, subfunction 4 - set end of file. ===========
  4205. ======================================================================
  4206. Parameters:
  4207.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4208.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4209. Format of the information structure:
  4210.   * +0: dword: 4 = subfunction number
  4211.   * +4: dword: low dword of new file size
  4212.   * +8: dword: high dword of new file size (must be 0 for FAT)
  4213.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4214.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4215.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  4216.     given in the general description
  4217.     or
  4218.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4219.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4220. Returned value:
  4221.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4222.   * ebx destroyed
  4223. Remarks:
  4224.   * If the new file size is less than old one, file is truncated.
  4225.     If the new size is greater than old one, file is expanded with
  4226.     characters with code 0. If the new size is equal to old one,
  4227.     the only result of call is set date/time of modification and
  4228.     access to the current date/time.
  4229.   * If there is not enough free space on disk for expansion, the
  4230.     function will expand to maximum possible size and then return
  4231.     error code 8.
  4232.   * The function is not supported for CD (returns error code 2).
  4233.  
  4234. ======================================================================
  4235. ==== Function 70, subfunction 5 - get information on file/folder. ====
  4236. ======================================================================
  4237. Parameters:
  4238.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4239.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4240. Format of the information structure:
  4241.   * +0: dword: 5 = subfunction number
  4242.   * +4: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4243.   * +8: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4244.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4245.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer for data (40 bytes)
  4246.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  4247.     given in the general description
  4248.     or
  4249.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4250.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4251. Returned value:
  4252.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4253.   * ebx destroyed
  4254. Information on file is returned in the BDFE format (block of data
  4255. for folder entry), explained in the description of
  4256. subfunction 1, but without filename
  4257. (i.e. only first 40 = 0x28 bytes).
  4258. Remarks:
  4259.   * The function does not support virtual folders such as /, /rd and
  4260.     root folders like /rd/1.
  4261.  
  4262. ======================================================================
  4263. ===== Function 70, subfunction 6 - set attributes of file/folder. ====
  4264. ======================================================================
  4265. Parameters:
  4266.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4267.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4268. Format of the information structure:
  4269.   * +0: dword: 6 = subfunction number
  4270.   * +4: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4271.   * +8: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4272.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4273.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer with attributes (32 bytes)
  4274.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  4275.     given in the general description
  4276.     or
  4277.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4278.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4279. Returned value:
  4280.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4281.   * ebx destroyed
  4282. File attributes are first 32 bytes in BDFE (block of data
  4283. for folder entry), explained in the description of subfunction 1
  4284. (that is, without name and size of file). Attribute
  4285. file/folder/volume label (bits 3,4 in dword +0) is not changed.
  4286. Byte +4 (name format) is ignored.
  4287. Remarks:
  4288.   * The function does not support virtual folders such as /, /rd and
  4289.     root folders like /rd/1.
  4290.   * The function is not supported for CD (returns error code 2).
  4291.  
  4292. ======================================================================
  4293. =========== Function 70, subfunction 7 - start application. ==========
  4294. ======================================================================
  4295. Parameters:
  4296.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4297.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4298. Format of the information structure:
  4299.   * +0: dword: 7 = subfunction number
  4300.   * +4: dword: flags field:
  4301.     * áèò 0: start process as debugged
  4302.     * other bits are reserved and must be set to 0
  4303.   * +8: dword: 0 or pointer to ASCIIZ-string with parameters
  4304.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4305.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4306.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  4307.     given in the general description
  4308.     or
  4309.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4310.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4311. Returned value:
  4312.   * eax > 0 - program is loaded, eax contains PID
  4313.   * eax < 0 - an error has occured, -eax contains
  4314.     file system error code
  4315.   * ebx destroyed
  4316. Remarks:
  4317.   * Command line must be terminated by the character with the code 0
  4318.     (ASCIIZ-string); function takes into account either all characters
  4319.     up to terminating zero inclusively or first 256 character
  4320.     regarding what is less.
  4321.   * If the process is started as debugged, it is created in
  4322.     the suspended state; to run use subfunction 5 of function 69.
  4323.  
  4324. ======================================================================
  4325. ========== Function 70, subfunction 8 - delete file/folder. ==========
  4326. ======================================================================
  4327. Parameters:
  4328.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4329.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4330. Format of the information structure:
  4331.   * +0: dword: 8 = subfunction number
  4332.   * +4: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4333.   * +8: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4334.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4335.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4336.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  4337.     given in the general description
  4338.     or
  4339.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4340.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4341. Returned value:
  4342.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4343.   * ebx destroyed
  4344. Remarks:
  4345.   * The function is not supported for CD (returns error code 2).
  4346.   * The function can delete only empty folders (attempt to delete
  4347.     nonempty folder results in error with code 10, "access denied").
  4348.  
  4349. ======================================================================
  4350. ============= Function 70, subfunction 9 - create folder. ============
  4351. ======================================================================
  4352. Parameters:
  4353.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4354.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4355. Format of the information structure:
  4356.   * +0: dword: 9 = subfunction number
  4357.   * +4: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4358.   * +8: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4359.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4360.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4361.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of folder, the rules of names forming are
  4362.     given in the general description
  4363.     or
  4364.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4365.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with folder name
  4366. Returned value:
  4367.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4368.   * ebx destroyed
  4369. Remarks:
  4370.   * The function is not supported for CD (returns error code 2).
  4371.   * The parent folder must already exist.
  4372.   * If target folder already exists, function returns success (eax=0).
  4373.  
  4374. ======================================================================
  4375. ========== Function 71, subfunction 1 - set window caption. ==========
  4376. ======================================================================
  4377. Parameters:
  4378.   * eax = 71 - function number
  4379.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  4380.   * ecx = pointer to caption string
  4381. Returned value:
  4382.   * function does not return value
  4383. Remarks:
  4384.   * String must be in the ASCIIZ-format. Disregarding real string
  4385.     length, no more than 255 characters are drawn.
  4386.   * Pass NULL in ecx to remove caption.
  4387.  
  4388. ======================================================================
  4389. =============== Function -1 - terminate thread/process ===============
  4390. ======================================================================
  4391. Parameters:
  4392.   * eax = -1 - function number
  4393. Returned value:
  4394.   * function does not return neither value nor control
  4395. Remarks:
  4396.   * If the process did not create threads obviously, it has only
  4397.     one thread, which termination results in process termination.
  4398.   * If the current thread is last in the process, its termination
  4399.     also results in process terminates.
  4400.   * This function terminates the current thread. Other thread can be
  4401.     killed by call to subfunction 2 of function 18.
  4402.  
  4403. ======================================================================
  4404. =========================== List of events ===========================
  4405. ======================================================================
  4406. Next event can be retrieved by the call of one from functions 10
  4407. (to wait for event), 11 (to check without waiting), 23
  4408. (to wait during the given time).
  4409. These functions return only those events, which enter into a mask set
  4410. by function 40. By default it is first three,
  4411. there is enough for most applications.
  4412. Codes of events:
  4413.   * 1 = redraw event (is reset by call to function 0)
  4414.   * 2 = key on keyboard is pressed (acts, only when the window is
  4415.     active) or hotkey is pressed; is reset, when all keys from
  4416.     the buffer are read out by function 2
  4417.   * 3 = button is pressed, defined earlier by function 8
  4418.     (or close button, created implicitly by function 0;
  4419.     minimize button is handled by the system and sends no message;
  4420.     acts, only when the window is active;
  4421.     is reset when all buttons from the buffer
  4422.     are read out by function 17)
  4423.   * 4 = reserved (in current implementation never comes even after
  4424.     unmasking by function 40)
  4425.   * 5 = the desktop background is redrawed (is reset automatically
  4426.     after redraw, so if in redraw time program does not wait and
  4427.     does not check events, it will not remark this event)
  4428.   * 6 = mouse event (something happened - button pressing or moving;
  4429.     is reset at reading)
  4430.   * 7 = IPC event (see function 60 -
  4431.     Inter Process Communication; is reset at reading)
  4432.   * 8 = network event (is reset at reading)
  4433.   * 9 = debug event (is reset at reading; see
  4434.     debug subsystem)
  4435.   * 16..31 = event with appropriate IRQ
  4436.     (16=IRQ0, 31=IRQ15) (is reset after reading all IRQ data)
  4437.  
  4438. ======================================================================
  4439. =================== Error codes of the file system ===================
  4440. ======================================================================
  4441.   * 0 = success
  4442.   * 1 = base and/or partition of a hard disk is not defined
  4443.     (by subfunctions 7, 8 of function 21)
  4444.   * 2 = function is not supported for the given file system
  4445.   * 3 = unknown file system
  4446.   * 4 = is returned only from function 'rename' by transmission of
  4447.     the strongly incorrect parameter and in any way does not
  4448.     correspond to the description in the kernel sources
  4449.     "partition not defined at hd"
  4450.   * 5 = file not found
  4451.   * 6 = end of file, EOF
  4452.   * 7 = pointer lies outside of application memory
  4453.   * 8 = disk is full
  4454.   * 9 = FAT table is destroyed
  4455.   * 10 = access denied
  4456.   * 11 = device error
  4457. Application start functions can return also following errors:
  4458.   * 30 = 0x1E = not enough memory
  4459.   * 31 = 0x1F = file is not executable
  4460.   * 32 = 0x20 = too many processes
  4461.