The Mesa 3D Graphics Library

Introduction

The Gallium llvmpipe driver is a software rasterizer that uses LLVM to

do runtime code generation.

Shaders, point/line/triangle rasterization and vertex processing are

implemented with LLVM IR which is translated to x86 or x86-64 machine

code.

Also, the driver is multithreaded to take advantage of multiple CPU cores

(up to 8 at this time).

It's the fastest software rasterizer for Mesa.

Requirements

   
An x86 or amd64 processor; 64-bit mode recommended.

   Support for SSE2 is strongly encouraged.  Support for SSSE3 and SSE4.1 will

   yield the most efficient code.  The fewer features the CPU has the more

   likely is that you run into underperforming, buggy, or incomplete code.

   See /proc/cpuinfo to know what your CPU supports.

   
LLVM: version 2.9 recommended; 2.6 or later required.

   
NOTE: LLVM 2.8 and earlier will not work on systems that support the

   Intel AVX extensions (e.g. Sandybridge).  LLVM's code generator will

   fail when trying to emit AVX instructions.  This was fixed in LLVM 2.9.

   For Linux, on a recent Debian based distribution do:

     aptitude install llvm-dev

   For a RPM-based distribution do:

     yum install llvm-devel

	 For Windows you will need to build LLVM from source with MSVC or MINGW

	 (either natively or through cross compilers) and CMake, and set the LLVM

	 environment variable to the directory you installed it to.

   LLVM will be statically linked, so when building on MSVC it needs to be

   built with a matching CRT as Mesa, and you'll need to pass

   -DLLVM_USE_CRT_RELEASE=MTd for debug and checked builds,

   -DLLVM_USE_CRT_RELEASE=MTd for profile and release builds.

   You can build only the x86 target by passing -DLLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD=X86

   to cmake.

   
scons (optional)

Building

To build everything on Linux invoke scons as:

  scons build=debug libgl-xlib

Alternatively, you can build it with GNU make, if you prefer, by invoking it as

  make linux-llvm

but the rest of these instructions assume that scons is used.

For Windows the procedure is similar except the target:

  scons build=debug libgl-gdi

Using

On Linux, building will create a drop-in alternative for libGL.so into

  build/foo/gallium/targets/libgl-xlib/libGL.so

or

  lib/gallium/libGL.so

To use it set the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable accordingly.

For performance evaluation pass debug=no to scons, and use the corresponding

lib directory without the "-debug" suffix.

On Windows, building will create a drop-in alternative for opengl32.dll. To use

it put it in the same directory as the application. It can also be used by

replacing the native ICD driver, but it's quite an advanced usage, so if you

need to ask, don't even try it.

Profiling

To profile llvmpipe you should build as

  scons build=profile <same-as-before>

This will ensure that frame pointers are used both in C and JIT functions, and

that no tail call optimizations are done by gcc.

Linux perf integration

On Linux, it is possible to have symbol resolution of JIT code with Linux perf:

	perf record -g /my/application

	perf report

When run inside Linux perf, llvmpipe will create a /tmp/perf-XXXXX.map file with

symbol address table.  It also dumps assembly code to /tmp/perf-XXXXX.map.asm,

which can be used by the bin/perf-annotate-jit script to produce disassembly of

the generated code annotated with the samples.

You can obtain a call graph via

Gprof2Dot.

Unit testing

Building will also create several unit tests in

build/linux-???-debug/gallium/drivers/llvmpipe:

 lp_test_blend: blending

 lp_test_conv: SIMD vector conversion

 lp_test_format: pixel unpacking/packing

Some of this tests can output results and benchmarks to a tab-separated-file

for posterior analysis, e.g.:

  build/linux-x86_64-debug/gallium/drivers/llvmpipe/lp_test_blend -o blend.tsv

Development Notes

  When looking to this code by the first time start in lp_state_fs.c, and

  then skim through the lp_bld_* functions called in there, and the comments

  at the top of the lp_bld_*.c functions.

  The driver-independent parts of the LLVM / Gallium code are found in

  src/gallium/auxiliary/gallivm/.  The filenames and function prefixes

  need to be renamed from "lp_bld_" to something else though.

  We use LLVM-C bindings for now. They are not documented, but follow the C++

  interfaces very closely, and appear to be complete enough for code

  generation. See

  http://npcontemplation.blogspot.com/2008/06/secret-of-llvm-c-bindings.html

  for a stand-alone example.  See the llvm-c/Core.h file for reference.