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  1. SYSTEM FUNCTIONS of OS Kolibri 0.5.8.1
  2.  
  3. Number of the function is located in the register eax.
  4. The call of the system function is executed by "int 0x40" command.
  5. All registers except explicitly declared in the returned value,
  6.     including eflags, are preserved.
  7.  
  8.  
  9. ======================================================================
  10. ============== Function 0 - define and draw the window. ==============
  11. ======================================================================
  12. Defines an application window. Draws a frame of the window, header and
  13. working area. For skinned windows defines standard buttons for close
  14. and minimize.
  15. Parameters:
  16.   * eax = 0 - function number
  17.   * ebx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [size on axis x]
  18.   * ecx = [coordinate on axis y]*65536 + [size on axis y]
  19.   * edx = 0xXYRRGGBB, where:
  20.     * Y = style of the window:
  21.       * Y=0 - type I - fixed-size window
  22.       * Y=1 - only define window area, draw nothing
  23.       * Y=2 - type II - variable-size window
  24.       * Y=3 - skinned window
  25.       * other possible values (from 4 up to 15) are reserved,
  26.         function call with such Y is ignored
  27.     * RR, GG, BB = accordingly red, green, blue components of a color
  28.       of the working area of the window (are ignored for style Y=2)
  29.     * X = DCBA (bits)
  30.       * A = 1 - window has caption; for style Y=3 caption string
  31.                   must be passed in edi, for other styles use
  32.                   subfunction 1 of function 71
  33.       * B = 1 - coordinates of all graphics primitives are relative to
  34.                   window client area
  35.       * C is reserved (set to 0)
  36.       * D = 0 - normal filling of the working area, 1 - gradient
  37.     The following parameters are intended for windows
  38.     of a type I and II, and ignored for styles Y=1,3:
  39.   * esi = 0xXYRRGGBB - color of the header
  40.     * RR, GG, BB define color
  41.     * Y=0 - usual window, Y=1 - unmovable window
  42.     * X defines a gradient of header: X=0 - no gradient,
  43.       X=8 - usual gradient,
  44.       for windows of a type II X=4 - negative gradient
  45.     * other values of X and Y are reserved
  46.   * edi = 0x00RRGGBB - color of the frame
  47. Returned value:
  48.   * function does not return value
  49. Remarks:
  50.   * Position and sizes of the window are installed by the first
  51.     call of this function and are ignored at subsequent; to change
  52.     position and/or sizes of already created window use function 67.
  53.   * For windows with style Y=3 and caption (A=1) caption string is set
  54.     by the first call of this function and is ignored at subsequent
  55.     (strictly speaking, is ignored after a call to subfunction 2
  56.     of function 12 - end redraw); to change caption of already created
  57.     window use subfunction 1 of function 71.
  58.   * If the window has appropriate styles, position and/or sizes can be
  59.     changed by user. Current position and sizes can be obtained
  60.     by function 9.
  61.   * The window must fit on the screen. If the transferred
  62.     coordinates and sizes do not satisfy to this condition,
  63.     appropriate coordinate (or, probably, both) is considered as zero,
  64.     and if it does not help too, the appropriate size
  65.     (or, probably, both) is installed in a size of the screen.
  66.    
  67.     Further let us designate xpos,ypos,xsize,ysize - values passed
  68.     in ebx,ecx. The coordinates are resulted concerning
  69.     the left upper corner of the window, which, thus, is set as (0,0),
  70.     coordinates of the right lower corner essence (xsize,ysize).
  71.   * The sizes of the window are understood in sence of coordinates
  72.     of the right lower corner. This concerns all other functions too.
  73.     It means, that the real sizes are on 1 pixel more.
  74.   * The window of type I looks as follows:
  75.     * draw external frame of color indicated in edi, 1 pixel in width
  76.     * draw header - rectangle with the left upper corner (1,1) and
  77.       right lower (xsize-1,min(25,ysize)) color indicated in esi
  78.       (taking a gradient into account)
  79.     * if ysize>=26, fill the working area of the window -
  80.       rectangle with the left upper corner (1,21) and right lower
  81.       (xsize-1,ysize-1) (sizes (xsize-1)*(ysize-21)) with color
  82.       indicated in edx (taking a gradient into account)
  83.     * if A=1 and caption has been already set by subfunction 1
  84.       of function 71, it is drawn in the corresponding place of header
  85.   * The window of style Y=1 looks as follows:
  86.     * completely defined by the application
  87.   * The window of type II looks as follows:
  88.     * draw external frame of width 1 pixel with the "shaded" color
  89.       edi (all components of the color decrease twice)
  90.     * draw intermediate frame of width 3 pixels with color edi
  91.     * draw internal frame of width 1 pixel with the "shaded" color edi
  92.     * draw header - rectangle with the left upper corner (4,4)
  93.       and right lower (xsize-4,min(20,ysize)) color, indicated in esi
  94.       (taking a gradient into account)
  95.     * if ysize>=26, fill the working area of the window -
  96.       rectangle with the left upper corner (5,20) and right lower
  97.       (xsize-5,ysize-5) with color indicated in edx
  98.       (taking a gradient into account)
  99.     * if A=1 and caption has been already set by subfunction 1
  100.       of function 71, it is drawn in the corresponding place of header
  101.   * The skinned window looks as follows:
  102.     * draw external frame of width 1 pixel
  103.       with color 'outer' from the skin
  104.     * draw intermediate frame of width 3 pixel
  105.       with color 'frame' from the skin
  106.     * draw internal frame of width 1 pixel
  107.       with color 'inner' from the skin
  108.     * draw header (on bitmaps from the skin) in a rectangle
  109.       (0,0) - (xsize,_skinh-1)
  110.     * if ysize>=26, fill the working area of the window -
  111.       rectangle with the left upper corner (5,_skinh) and right lower
  112.       (xsize-5,ysize-5) with color indicated in edx
  113.       (taking a gradient into account)
  114.     * define two standard buttons: for close and minimize
  115.       (see function 8)
  116.     * if A=1 and edi contains (nonzero) pointer to caption string,
  117.       it is drawn in place in header defined in the skin
  118.     * value _skinh is accessible as the result of call
  119.       subfunction 4 of function 48
  120.  
  121. ======================================================================
  122. ================ Function 1 - put pixel in the window. ===============
  123. ======================================================================
  124. Parameters:
  125.   * eax = 1 - function number
  126.   * ebx = x-coordinate (relative to the window)
  127.   * ecx = y-coordinate (relative to the window)
  128.   * edx = 0x00RRGGBB - color of a pixel
  129.     edx = 0x01xxxxxx - invert color of a pixel
  130.           (low 24 bits are ignored)
  131. Returned value:
  132.   * function does not return value
  133.  
  134. ======================================================================
  135. ============ Function 2 - get the code of the pressed key. ===========
  136. ======================================================================
  137. Takes away the code of the pressed key from the buffer.
  138. Parameters:
  139.   * eax = 2 - function number
  140. Returned value:
  141.   * if the buffer is empty, function returns eax=1
  142.   * if the buffer is not empty, function returns al=0,
  143.     ah=code of the pressed key, high word of eax is zero
  144.   * if there is "hotkey", function returns al=2,
  145.     ah=scancode of the pressed key (0 for control keys),
  146.     high word of eax contains a status of control keys at the moment
  147.     of pressing a hotkey
  148. Remarks:
  149.   * There is a common system buffer of the pressed keys
  150.     by a size of 120 bytes, organized as queue.
  151.   * There is one more common system buffer on 120 "hotkeys".
  152.   * If the application with the inactive window calls this function,
  153.     the buffer of the pressed keys is considered to be empty.
  154.   * By default this function returns ASCII-codes; to switch
  155.     to the scancodes mode (and back) use function 66.
  156.     However, hotkeys are always notificated as scancodes.
  157.   * To find out, what keys correspond to what codes, start
  158.     the application keyascii and scancode.
  159.   * Scancodes come directly from keyboard and are fixed;
  160.     ASCII-codes turn out with usage of the conversion tables,
  161.     which can be set by subfunction 2 of function 21
  162.     and get by subfunction 2 of function 26.
  163.   * As a consequence, ASCII-codes take into account current
  164.     keyboard layout (rus/en) as opposed to scancodes.
  165.   * This function notifies only about those hotkeys, which were
  166.     defined by this thread by subfunction 4 of function 66.
  167.  
  168. ======================================================================
  169. ==================== Function 3 - get system time. ===================
  170. ======================================================================
  171. Parameters:
  172.   * eax = 3 - function number
  173. Returned value:
  174.   * eax = 0x00SSMMHH, where HH:MM:SS = Hours:Minutes:Seconds
  175.   * each item is BCD-number, for example,
  176.     for time 23:59:59 function returns 0x00595923
  177. Remarks:
  178.   * See also subfunction 9 of function 26 - get time from
  179.     the moment of start of the system; it is more convenient, because
  180.     returns simply DWORD-value of the time counter.
  181.   * System time can be set by function 22.
  182.  
  183. ======================================================================
  184. ============ Function 4 - draw text string in the window. ============
  185. ======================================================================
  186. Parameters:
  187.   * eax = 4 - function number
  188.   * ebx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [coordinate on axis y]
  189.   * ecx = 0xX0RRGGBB, where
  190.     * RR, GG, BB specify text color
  191.     * X specifies the used font: 0=system monospaced,
  192.       1=system font of variable width
  193.   * edx = pointer to the beginning of the string
  194.   * esi = length of the string, must not exceed 255
  195. Returned value:
  196.   * function does not return value
  197. Remarks:
  198.   * Function outputs either first (esi and 0xFF) characters or
  199.     all characters before (but not including) terminating zero
  200.     (for ASCIIZ-strings) depending on what occurs first.
  201.   * First system font is read out at loading from the file char.mt,
  202.     second - from char2.mt.
  203.   * Both fonts have height 9 pixels, width of the monospaced font
  204.     is equal to 6 pixels.
  205.  
  206. ======================================================================
  207. ========================= Function 5 - delay. ========================
  208. ======================================================================
  209. Delays execution of the program on the given time.
  210. Parameters:
  211.   * eax = 5 - function number
  212.   * ebx = time in the 1/100 of second
  213. Returned value:
  214.   * function does not return value
  215. Remarks:
  216.   * Passing ebx=0 does not transfer control to the next process
  217.     and does not make any operations at all. If it is really required
  218.     to transfer control to the next process (to complete a current
  219.     time slice), use subfunction 1 of function 68.
  220.   * At current implementation there will be an immediate return from
  221.     the function, if the addition of ebx with current value of
  222.     time counter will call 32-bit overflow.
  223.  
  224. ======================================================================
  225. ============== Function 6 - read the file from ramdisk. ==============
  226. ======================================================================
  227. Parameters:
  228.   * eax = 6 - function number
  229.   * ebx = pointer to the filename
  230.   * ecx = number of start block, beginning from 1;
  231.     ecx=0 - read from the beginning of the file (same as ecx=1)
  232.   * edx = number of blocks to read;
  233.     edx=0 - read one block (same as edx=1)
  234.   * esi = pointer to memory area for the data
  235. Returned value:
  236.   * eax = file size in bytes, if the file was successfully read
  237.   * eax = -1, if the file was not found
  238. Remarks:
  239.   * This function is out-of-date; function 70 allows
  240.     to fulfil the same operations with the extended possibilities.
  241.   * Block = 512 bytes.
  242.   * For reading all file you can specify the certainly large value
  243.     in edx, for example, edx = -1; but in this case be ready that
  244.     the program will "fall", if the file will appear too large and can
  245.     not be placed in the program memory.
  246.   * The filename must be either in the format 8+3 characters
  247.     (first 8 characters - name itself, last 3 - extension,
  248.     the short names and extensions are supplemented with spaces),
  249.     or in the format 8.3 characters "FILE.EXT"/"FILE.EX "
  250.     (name no more than 8 characters, dot, extension 3 characters
  251.     supplemented if necessary by spaces).
  252.     The filename must be written with capital letters. The terminating
  253.     character with code 0 is not necessary (not ASCIIZ-string).
  254.   * This function does not support folders on the ramdisk.
  255.  
  256. ======================================================================
  257. =============== Function 7 - draw image in the window. ===============
  258. ======================================================================
  259. Paramters:
  260.   * eax = 7 - function number
  261.   * ebx = pointer to the image in the format BBGGRRBBGGRR...
  262.   * ecx = [size on axis x]*65536 + [size on axis y]
  263.   * edx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [coordinate on axis y]
  264. Returned value:
  265.   * function does not return value
  266. Remarks:
  267.   * Coordinates of the image are coordinates of the upper left corner
  268.     of the image relative to the window.
  269.   * Size of the image in bytes is 3*xsize*ysize.
  270.  
  271. ======================================================================
  272. =============== Function 8 - define/delete the button. ===============
  273. ======================================================================
  274. Parameters for button definition:
  275.   * eax = 8 - function number
  276.   * ebx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [size on axis x]
  277.   * ecx = [coordinate on axis y]*65536 + [size on axis y]
  278.   * edx = 0xXYnnnnnn, where:
  279.     * nnnnnn = identifier of the button
  280.     * high (31st) bit of edx is cleared
  281.     * if 30th bit of edx is set - do not draw the button
  282.     * if 29th bit of edx is set - do not draw a frame
  283.       at pressing the button
  284.   * esi = 0x00RRGGBB - color of the button
  285. Parameters for button deleting:
  286.   * eax = 8 - function number
  287.   * edx = 0x80nnnnnn, where nnnnnn - identifier of the button
  288. Returned value:
  289.   * function does not return value
  290. Remarks:
  291.   * Sizes of the button must be more than 0 and less than 0x8000.
  292.   * For skinned windows definition of the window
  293.     (call of 0th function) creates two standard buttons -
  294.     for close of the window with identifier 1 and
  295.     for minimize of the window with identifier 0xffff.
  296.   * The creation of two buttons with same identifiers is admitted.
  297.   * The button with the identifier 0xffff at pressing is interpreted
  298.     by the system as the button of minimization, the system handles
  299.     such pressing independently, not accessing to the application.
  300.     In rest it is usual button.
  301.   * Total number of buttons for all applications is limited to 4095.
  302.  
  303. ======================================================================
  304. ============ Function 9 - information on execution thread. ===========
  305. ======================================================================
  306. Parameters:
  307.   * eax = 9 - function number
  308.   * ebx = pointer to 1-Kb buffer
  309.   * ecx = number of the slot of the thread
  310.     ecx = -1 - get information on the current thread
  311. Returned value:
  312.   * eax = maximum number of the slot of a thread
  313.   * buffer pointed to by ebx contains the following information:
  314.     * +0: dword: usage of the processor (how many time units
  315.       per second leaves on execution of this thread)
  316.     * +4: word: position of the window of thread in the window stack
  317.     * +6: word: (has no relation to the specified thread)
  318.       number of the thread slot, which window has in the window stack
  319.       position ecx
  320.     * +8: word: reserved
  321.     * +10 = +0xA: 11 bytes: name of the process
  322.       (name of corresponding executable file in the format 8+3)
  323.     * +21 = +0x15: byte: alignment, this byte preserves
  324.     * +22 = +0x16: dword: address of the process in memory
  325.     * +26 = +0x1A: dword: size of used memory - 1
  326.     * +30 = +0x1E: dword: identifier (PID/TID)
  327.     * +34 = +0x22: dword: coordinate of the thread window on axis x
  328.     * +38 = +0x26: dword: coordinate of the thread window on axis y
  329.     * +42 = +0x2A: dword: size of the thread window on axis x
  330.     * +46 = +0x2E: dword: size of the thread window on axis y
  331.     * +50 = +0x32: word: status of the thread slot:
  332.       * 0 = thread is running
  333.       * 1 = thread is suspended
  334.       * 2 = thread is suspended while waiting for event
  335.       * 3 = thread is terminating as a result of call to function -1
  336.         or under duress as a result of call to subfunction 2
  337.         of function 18 or termination of the system
  338.       * 4 = thread is terminating as a result of exception
  339.       * 5 = thread waits for event
  340.       * 9 = requested slot is free, all other information on the slot
  341.         is not meaningful
  342. Remarks:
  343.   * Slots are numbered starting from 1.
  344.   * Returned value is not a total number of threads, because there
  345.     can be free slots.
  346.   * When process is starting, system automatically creates
  347.     execution thread.
  348.   * Function gives information on the thread. Each process has
  349.     at least one thread. One process can create many threads,
  350.     in this case each thread has its own slot and the fields
  351.     +10, +22, +26 in these slots coincide.
  352.     Applications have no common way to define whether two threads
  353.     belong to one process.
  354.   * The active window - window on top of the window stack -
  355.     receives the messages on a keyboard input. For such window
  356.     the position in the window stack coincides with returned value.
  357.   * Slot 1 corresponds to special system thread, for which:
  358.     * the window is in the bottom of the window stack, the fields
  359.       +4 and +6 contain value 1
  360.     * name of the process - "OS/IDLE" (supplemented by spaces)
  361.     * address of the process in memory is 0, size of used memory is
  362.       16 Mb (0x1000000)
  363.     * PID=1
  364.     * coordinates and sizes of the window are by convention set to 0
  365.     * status of the slot is always 0 (running)
  366.     * the execution time adds of time leaving on operations itself
  367.       and idle time in waiting for interrupt (which can be got by call
  368.       to subfunction 4 of function 18).
  369.   * Beginning from slot 2, the normal applications are placed.
  370.   * The normal applications are placed in memory at the address
  371.     0x10000000 (kernel constand 'std_application_base_address').
  372.     There is no intersection, as each process has its own page table.
  373.   * At creation of the thread it is assigned the slot
  374.     in the system table and identifier (Process/Thread IDentifier =
  375.     PID/TID), which do not vary with time for given thread.
  376.     After completion of the thread its slot can be anew used
  377.     for another thread. The thread identifier can not be assigned
  378.     to other thread even after completion of this thread.
  379.     Identifiers, assigned to new threads, grow monotonously.
  380.   * If the thread has not yet defined the window by call to
  381.     function 0, the position and the sizes
  382.     of its window are considered to be zero.
  383.   * At the moment only the part of the buffer by a size
  384.     52 = 0x34 bytes is used. Nevertheless it is recommended to use
  385.     1-Kb buffer for the future compatibility, in the future
  386.     some fields can be added.
  387.  
  388. ======================================================================
  389. ==================== Function 10 - wait for event. ===================
  390. ======================================================================
  391. If the message queue is empty, waits for appearance of the message
  392. in queue. In this state thread does not consume CPU time.
  393. Then reads out the message from queue.
  394.  
  395. Parameters:
  396.   * eax = 10 - function number
  397. Returned value:
  398.   * eax = event (see the list of events)
  399. Remarks:
  400.   * Those events are taken into account only which enter into
  401.     a mask set by function 40. By default it is
  402.     redraw, key and button events.
  403.   * To check, whether there is a message in queue, use function 11.
  404.     To wait for no more than given time, use function 23.
  405.  
  406. ======================================================================
  407. =============== Function 11 - check for event, no wait. ==============
  408. ======================================================================
  409. If the message queue contains event, function reads out
  410. and return it. If the queue is empty, function returns 0.
  411. Parameters:
  412.   * eax = 11 - function number
  413. Returned value:
  414.   * eax = 0 - message queue is empty
  415.   * else eax = event (see the list of events)
  416. Remarks:
  417.   * Those events are taken into account only, which enter into
  418.     a mask set by function 40. By default it is
  419.     redraw, key and button events.
  420.   * To wait for event, use function 10.
  421.     To wait for no more than given time, use function 23.
  422.  
  423. ======================================================================
  424. =============== Function 12 - begin/end window redraw. ===============
  425. ======================================================================
  426.  
  427. ------------ Subfunction 1 - begin redraw of the window. -------------
  428. Parameters:
  429.   * eax = 12 - function number
  430.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  431. Returned value:
  432.   * function does not return value
  433.  
  434. ------------- Subfunction 2 - end redraw of the window. --------------
  435. Parameters:
  436.   * eax = 12 - function number
  437.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  438. Returned value:
  439.   * function does not return value
  440. Remarks:
  441.   * Subfunction 1 deletes all buttons defined with
  442.     function 8, they must be defined again.
  443.  
  444. ======================================================================
  445. ============ Function 13 - draw a rectangle in the window. ===========
  446. ======================================================================
  447. Parameters:
  448.   * eax = 13 - function number
  449.   * ebx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [size on axis x]
  450.   * ecx = [coordinate on axis y]*65536 + [size on axis y]
  451.   * edx = color 0xRRGGBB or 0x80RRGGBB for gradient fill
  452. Returned value:
  453.   * function does not return value
  454. Remarks:
  455.   * Coordinates are understood as coordinates of the left upper corner
  456.     of a rectangle relative to the window.
  457.  
  458. ======================================================================
  459. =================== Function 14 - get screen size. ===================
  460. ======================================================================
  461. Parameters:
  462.   * eax = 14 - function number
  463. Returned value:
  464.   * eax = [xsize]*65536 + [ysize], where
  465.   * xsize = x-coordinate of the right lower corner of the screen =
  466.             horizontal size - 1
  467.   * ysize = y-coordinate of the right lower corner of the screen =
  468.             vertical size - 1
  469. Remarks:
  470.   * See also subfunction 5 of function 48 - get sizes of
  471.     working area of the screen.
  472.  
  473. ======================================================================
  474. == Function 15, subfunction 1 - set a size of the background image. ==
  475. ======================================================================
  476. Parameters:
  477.   * eax = 15 - function number
  478.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  479.   * ecx = width of the image
  480.   * edx = height of the image
  481. Returned value:
  482.   * function does not return value
  483. Remarks:
  484.   * There is no checks for correctness. The setting of too large
  485.     values will result that the background will contain data abroad
  486.     of buffer for the background image. Buffer size = 0x160000-0x10,
  487.     that corresponds to maximum size 800*600. (800*600*3=0x15F900)
  488.   * For update of the screen (after completion of a series of commands
  489.     working with a background) call subfunction 3.
  490.   * There is a pair function for get size of the background image -
  491.     subfunction 1 of function 39.
  492.  
  493. ======================================================================
  494. === Function 15, subfunction 2 - put pixel on the background image. ==
  495. ======================================================================
  496. Parameters:
  497.   * eax = 15 - function number
  498.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  499.   * ecx = offset
  500.   * edx = color of a pixel 0xRRGGBB
  501. Returned value:
  502.   * function does not return value
  503. Remarks:
  504.   * Offset for a pixel with coordinates (x,y) is calculated as
  505.     (x+y*xsize)*3.
  506.   * If the given offset exceeds 0x160000-16 = 1.375 Mb - 16 bytes,
  507.     the call is ignored.
  508.   * For update of the screen (after completion of a series of commands
  509.     working with a background) call subfunction 3.
  510.   * There is a pair function for get pixel on the background image -
  511.     subfunction 2 of function 39.
  512.  
  513. ======================================================================
  514. =========== Function 15, subfunction 3 - redraw background. ==========
  515. ======================================================================
  516. Parameters:
  517.   * eax = 15 - function number
  518.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  519. Returned value:
  520.   * function does not return value
  521.  
  522. ======================================================================
  523. == Function 15, subfunction 4 - set drawing mode for the background. =
  524. ======================================================================
  525. Parameters:
  526.   * eax = 15 - function number
  527.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  528.   * ecx = drawing mode:
  529.     * 1 = tile
  530.     * 2 = stretch
  531. Returned value:
  532.   * function does not return value
  533. Remarks:
  534.   * For update of the screen (after completion of a series of commands
  535.     working with a background) call subfunction 3.
  536.   * There is a pair function for get drawing mode of the background -
  537.     subfunction 4 of function 39.
  538.  
  539. ======================================================================
  540. ===================== Function 15, subfunction 5 =====================
  541. ============ Put block of pixels on the background image. ============
  542. ======================================================================
  543. Parameters:
  544.   * eax = 15 - function number
  545.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  546.   * ecx = pointer to the data in the format BBGGRRBBGGRR...
  547.   * edx = offset in data of the background image
  548.   * esi = size of data in bytes = 3 * number of pixels
  549. Returned value:
  550.   * function does not return value
  551. Remarks:
  552.   * If the block gets out abroad 0x160000-16 = 1.375 Mb - 16 bytes,
  553.     the call is ignored.
  554.   * Color of each pixel is stored as 3-bytes value BBGGRR.
  555.   * Pixels of the background image are written sequentially
  556.     from left to right, from up to down.
  557.   * Offset of pixel with coordinates (x,y) is (x+y*xsize)*3.
  558.   * For update of the screen (after completion of a series of commands
  559.     working with a background) call subfunction 3.
  560.  
  561. ======================================================================
  562. =============== Function 16 - save ramdisk on a floppy. ==============
  563. ======================================================================
  564. Parameters:
  565.   * eax = 16 - function number
  566.   * ebx = 1 or ebx = 2 - on which floppy save
  567. Returned value:
  568.   * eax = 0 - success
  569.   * eax = 1 - error
  570.  
  571. ======================================================================
  572. ======= Function 17 - get the identifier of the pressed button. ======
  573. ======================================================================
  574. Takes away the code of the pressed button from the buffer.
  575. Parameters:
  576.   * eax = 17 - function number
  577. Returned value:
  578.   * if the buffer is empty, function returns eax=1
  579.   * if the buffer is not empty, function returns al=0,
  580.     high 24 bits of eax contain button identifier (in particular, ah
  581.     contains low byte of the identifier; if all buttons have
  582.     the identifier less than 256, ah is enough to distinguish).
  583. Remarks:
  584.   * "Buffer" keeps only one button, at pressing the new button the
  585.     information about old is lost.
  586.   * The call of this function by an application with inactive window
  587.     will return answer "buffer is empty".
  588.  
  589. ======================================================================
  590. ============ Function 18, subfunction 1 - system shutdown. ===========
  591. ======================================================================
  592. Parameters:
  593.   * eax = 18 - function number
  594.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  595. Returned value:
  596.   * function always return eax = 0 as tag of success
  597. Remarks:
  598.   * On the last step menu of exit from the system appears and waits
  599.     response of the user.
  600.   * See also subfunction 9, system shutdown with
  601.     the parameter to force the choice in the exit menu.
  602.  
  603. ======================================================================
  604. = Function 18, subfunction 2 - terminate process/thread by the slot. =
  605. ======================================================================
  606. Parameters:
  607.   * eax = 18 - function number
  608.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  609.   * ecx = number of the slot of process/thread
  610. Returned value:
  611.   * function does not return value
  612. Remarks:
  613.   * It is impossible to terminate system thread OS/IDLE (with
  614.     number of the slot 1),
  615.     it is possible to terminate any normal process/thread.
  616.   * See also subfunction 18 - terminate
  617.     process/thread by the identifier.
  618.  
  619. ======================================================================
  620. ===================== Function 18, subfunction 3 =====================
  621. ============= Make active the window of the given thread. ============
  622. ======================================================================
  623. Parameters:
  624.   * eax = 18 - function number
  625.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  626.   * ecx = number of the thread slot
  627. Returned value:
  628.   * function does not return value
  629. Remarks:
  630.   * If correct, but nonexistent slot is given,
  631.     some window is made active.
  632.   * To find out, which window is active, use subfunction 7.
  633.  
  634. ======================================================================
  635. ===================== Function 18, subfunction 4 =====================
  636. =========== Get counter of idle time units per one second. ===========
  637. ======================================================================
  638. Idle time units are units, in which the processor stands idle
  639. in waiting for interrupt (in the command 'hlt').
  640.  
  641. Parameters:
  642.   * eax = 18 - function number
  643.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  644. Returned value:
  645.   * eax = value of the counter of idle time units per one second
  646.  
  647. ======================================================================
  648. ========== Function 18, subfunction 5 - get CPU clock rate. ==========
  649. ======================================================================
  650. Parameters:
  651.   * eax = 18 - function number
  652.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  653. Returned value:
  654.   * eax = clock rate (modulo 2^32 clock ticks = 4GHz)
  655.  
  656. ======================================================================
  657.  Function 18, subfunction 6 - save ramdisk to the file on hard drive.
  658. ======================================================================
  659. Parameters:
  660.   * eax = 18 - function number
  661.   * ebx = 6 - subfunction number
  662.   * ecx defines path to the file:
  663.     * 1 = in the folder "/KOLIBRI"
  664.     * 2 = in the root folder
  665.     * 3 = edx points to the path (names of folders in the format 8+3,
  666.       divided by '/')
  667. Returned value:
  668.   * eax = 0 - success
  669.   * else eax = error code of the file system
  670. Çàìå÷àíèÿ:
  671.   * Filename is fixed, "menuet.img" (global kernel variable
  672.     'image_save' from 'preboot.inc')
  673.   * Drive and partition are defined by subfunction 7
  674.     and subfunction 8 of function 21.
  675.   * All folders in the given path must exist, otherwise function
  676.     returns value 5, "file not found".
  677.  
  678. ======================================================================
  679. =========== Function 18, subfunction 7 - get active window. ==========
  680. ======================================================================
  681. Parameters:
  682.   * eax = 18 - function number
  683.   * ebx = 7 - subfunction number
  684. Returned value:
  685.   * eax = number of the active window
  686.     (number of the slot of the thread with active window)
  687. Remarks:
  688.   * Active window is at the top of the window stack and receives
  689.     messages on all keyboard input.
  690.   * To make a window active, use subfunction 3.
  691.  
  692. ======================================================================
  693. == Function 18, subfunction 8 - disable/enable the internal speaker. =
  694. ======================================================================
  695. If speaker sound is disabled, all calls to subfunction 55 of
  696. function 55 are ignored. If speaker sound is enabled,
  697. they are routed on builtin speaker.
  698.  
  699. ------------------- Subsubfunction 1 - get status. -------------------
  700. Parameters:
  701.   * eax = 18 - function number
  702.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  703.   * ecx = 1 - number of the subsubfunction
  704. Returned value:
  705.   * eax = 0 - speaker sound is enabled; 1 - disabled
  706.  
  707. ----------------- Subsubfunction 2 - toggle status. ------------------
  708. Toggles states of disable/enable.
  709. Parameters:
  710.   * eax = 18 - function number
  711.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  712.   * ecx = 2 - number of the subsubfunction
  713. Returned value:
  714.   * function does not return value
  715.  
  716. ======================================================================
  717. == Function 18, subfunction 9 - system shutdown with the parameter. ==
  718. ======================================================================
  719. Parameters:
  720.   * eax = 18 - function number
  721.   * ebx = 9 - subfunction number
  722.   * ecx = parameter:
  723.     * 1 = on the last step of shutdown save ramdisk on a floppy and
  724.       then show the exit menu and request further operations
  725.       from the user
  726.     * 2 = turn off computer
  727.     * 3 = reboot computer
  728.     * 4 = restart the kernel from the file 'kernel.mnt' on ramdisk
  729. Returned value:
  730.   * at incorrect ecx the registers do not change (i.e. eax=18)
  731.   * by correct call function always returns eax=0
  732.     as the tag of success
  733. Remarks:
  734.   * Do not rely on returned value by incorrect call, it can be
  735.     changed in future versions of the kernel.
  736.   * It is possible to use subfunction 1, that on the last step
  737.     the user makes choice himself.
  738.   * It is not recommended to use value ecx=1 (to not irritate the user
  739.     with excessive questions); to save ramdisk on a floppy use
  740.     function 16 (which admits specification, on which floppy to
  741.     write), and to shutdown with the exit menu use already mentioned
  742.     subfunction 1.
  743.  
  744. ======================================================================
  745. ===== Function 18, subfunction 10 - minimize application window. =====
  746. ======================================================================
  747. Minimizes the own window.
  748. Parameters:
  749.   * eax = 18 - function number
  750.   * ebx = 10 - subfunction number
  751. Returned value:
  752.   * function does not return value
  753. Remarks:
  754.   * The minimized window from the point of view of function 9
  755.     keeps position and sizes.
  756.   * Restoring of an application window occurs at its activation by
  757.     subfunction 3.
  758.   * Usually there is no necessity to minimize/restire a window
  759.     obviously: minimization of a window is carried out by the system
  760.     at pressing the minimization button (for skinned windows
  761.     it is defined automatically by function 0,
  762.     for other windows it can be defined manually by function 8),
  763.     restore of a window is done by the application '@panel'.
  764.  
  765. ======================================================================
  766.  Function 18, subfunction 11 - get information on the disk subsystem.
  767. ======================================================================
  768. Parameters:
  769.   * eax = 18 - function number
  770.   * ebx = 11 - subfunction number
  771.   * ecx = type of the table:
  772.     * 1 = short version, 10 bytes
  773.     * 2 = full version, 65536 bytes
  774.   * edx = pointer to the buffer (in the application) for the table
  775. Returned value:
  776.   * function does not return value
  777. Format of the table: short version:
  778.   * +0: byte: information about FDD's (drives for floppies),
  779.     AAAABBBB, where AAAA gives type of the first drive, BBBB -
  780.     of the second regarding to the following list:
  781.     * 0 = there is no drive
  782.     * 1 = 360Kb, 5.25''
  783.     * 2 = 1.2Mb, 5.25''
  784.     * 3 = 720Kb, 3.5''
  785.     * 4 = 1.44Mb, 3.5''
  786.     * 5 = 2.88Mb, 3.5'' (such drives are not used anymore)
  787.     For example, for the standard configuration from one 1.44-drive
  788.     here will be 40h, and for the case 1.2Mb on A: and 1.44Mb on B:
  789.     the value is 24h.
  790.   * +1: byte: information about hard disks and CD-drives, AABBCCDD,
  791.     where AA corresponds to the controller IDE0, ..., DD - IDE3:
  792.     * 0 = device is absent
  793.     * 1 = hard drive
  794.     * 2 = CD-drive
  795.     For example, in the case HD on IDE0 and CD on IDE2
  796.     this field contains 48h.
  797.   * +2: 4 db: number of the retrieved partitions on hard disks
  798.     at accordingly IDE0,...,IDE3.
  799.     If the hard disk on IDEx is absent, appropriate byte is zero,
  800.     otherwise it shows number of the recognized partitions, which
  801.     can be not presented (if the drive is not formatted or if
  802.     the file system is not supported). Current version of the kernel
  803.     supports only FAT16 and FAT32 for hard disks.
  804.   * +6: 4 db: reserved
  805. Format of the table: full version:
  806.   * +0: 10 db: same as for the short version
  807.   * +10: 100 db: data for the first partition
  808.   * +110: 100 db: data for the second partition
  809.   * ...
  810.   * +10+100*(n-1): 100 db: data for the last partition
  811. The partitions are located as follows: at first sequentially all
  812. recoginzed partitions on HD on IDE0 (if present),
  813. then on HD on IDE1 (if present) and so on up to IDE3.
  814. Format of the information about partition
  815. (at moment only FAT is supported):
  816.   * +0: dword: first physical sector of the partition
  817.   * +4: dword: last physical sector of the partition
  818.     (belongs to the partition)
  819.   * +8: dword: sectors per one copy of FAT
  820.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: number of copies of FAT
  821.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: number of sectors per cluster
  822.   * +20 = +0x14: dword: bytes per sector;
  823.     current implementation expects 0x200 = 512 in this field
  824.   * +24 = +0x18: dword: first root cluster in FAT32, 0 for FAT16
  825.   * +28 = +0x1C: dword: first physical sector of FAT
  826.   * +32 = +0x20: dword: first physical root sector for FAT16,
  827.     ignored for FAT32
  828.   * +36 = +0x24: dword: number of root sectors for FAT16,
  829.     0 for FAT32
  830.   * +40 = +0x28: dword: physical sector of the beginning of
  831.     the data area
  832.   * +44 = +0x2C: dword: maximum number of a cluster
  833.   * +48 = +0x30: dword: physical sector of the information
  834.     about the file system for FAT32, ignored for FAT16
  835.   * +52 = +0x34: dword: value used as boundary for special
  836.     values in FAT
  837.   * +56 = +0x38: dword: value used for bad clusters in FAT
  838.   * +60 = +0x3C: dword: value used as the end marker for FAT chain
  839.   * +64 = +0x40: dword: mask for FAT items
  840.   * +68 = +0x44: byte: file system type: 16 èëè 32
  841.   * +69 = +0x45: 31 db: reserved
  842. Remarks:
  843.   * The short table can be used for obtaining the information about
  844.     available devices.
  845.   * First two fields in the information about partition
  846.     gives the parameters of partition, other - parameters of
  847.     FAT file system. For other file systems (when they will be
  848.     supported) specific for file system information will be, of
  849.     course, another, but first two fields will have the same sense.
  850.  
  851. ======================================================================
  852. ========== Function 18, subfunction 13 - get kernel version. =========
  853. ======================================================================
  854. Parameters:
  855.   * eax = 18 - function number
  856.   * ebx = 13 - subfunction number
  857.   * ecx = pointer to the buffer (not less than 16 bytes), where
  858.     the information will be placed
  859. Returned value:
  860.   * function does not return value
  861. Structure of the buffer:
  862. db a,b,c,d for version a.b.c.d
  863. db UID_xxx: one of UID_NONE=0, UID_MENUET=1, UID_KOLIBRI=2
  864. db 'name',0 - ASCIIZ-string with the name
  865. For Kolibri 0.5.8.1 kernel:
  866. db 0,5,8,1
  867. db 2
  868. db 'Kolibri',0
  869.  
  870. ======================================================================
  871. ======= Function 18, subfunction 14 - wait for screen retrace. =======
  872. ======================================================================
  873. Waits for the beginning of retrace of the scanning ray of the screen
  874. monitor.
  875. Parameters:
  876.   * eax = 18 - function number
  877.   * ebx = 14 - subfunction number
  878. Returned value:
  879.   * eax = 0 as the tag of success
  880. Remarks:
  881.   * Function is intended only for active high-efficiency graphics
  882.     applications; is used for smooth output of a graphics.
  883.  
  884. ======================================================================
  885. == Function 18, subfunction 15 - center mouse cursor on the screen. ==
  886. ======================================================================
  887. Parameters:
  888.   * eax = 18 - function number
  889.   * ebx = 15 - subfunction number
  890. Returned value:
  891.   * eax = 0 as the tag of success
  892.  
  893. ======================================================================
  894. ========= Function 18, subfunction 16 - get size of free RAM. ========
  895. ======================================================================
  896. Parameters:
  897.   * eax = 18 - function number
  898.   * ebx = 16 - subfunction number
  899. Returned value:
  900.   * eax = size of free memory in kilobytes
  901.  
  902. ======================================================================
  903. ======== Function 18, subfunction 17 - get full amount of RAM. =======
  904. ======================================================================
  905. Parameters:
  906.   * eax = 18 - function number
  907.   * ebx = 17 - subfunction number
  908. Returned value:
  909.   * eax = total size of existing memory in kilobytes
  910.  
  911. ======================================================================
  912. ===================== Function 18, subfunction 18 ====================
  913. ============= Terminate process/thread by the identifier. ============
  914. ======================================================================
  915. Parameters:
  916.   * eax = 18 - function number
  917.   * ebx = 18 - subfunction number
  918.   * ecx = identifer of process/thread (PID/TID)
  919. Returned value:
  920.   * eax = 0 - success
  921.   * eax = -1 - error (process is not found or is system)
  922. Remarks:
  923.   * It is impossible to terminate system thread OS/IDLE (identifier
  924.     1), it is possible to terminate any normal process/thread.
  925.   * See also subfunction 2 - terminate
  926.     process/thread by given slot.
  927.  
  928. ======================================================================
  929. ======== Function 18, subfunction 19 - get/set mouse features. =======
  930. ======================================================================
  931.  
  932. ---------------- Subsubfunction 0 - get mouse speed. -----------------
  933. Parameters:
  934.   * eax = 18 - function number
  935.   * ebx = 19 - subfunction number
  936.   * ecx = 0 - subsubfunction number
  937. Returned value:
  938.   * eax = current mouse speed
  939.  
  940. ---------------- Subsubfunction 1 - set mouse speed. -----------------
  941. Parameters:
  942.   * eax = 18 - function number
  943.   * ebx = 19 - subfunction number
  944.   * ecx = 1 - subsubfunction number
  945.   * edx = new value for speed
  946. Returned value:
  947.   * function does not return value
  948.  
  949. ---------------- Subsubfunction 2 - get mouse delay. -----------------
  950. Parameters:
  951.   * eax = 18 - function number
  952.   * ebx = 19 - subfunction number
  953.   * ecx = 2 - subsubfunction number
  954. Returned value:
  955.   * eax = current mouse delay
  956.  
  957. ---------------- Subsubfunction 3 - set mouse delay. -----------------
  958. Parameters:
  959.   * eax = 18 - function number
  960.   * ebx = 19 - subfunction number
  961.   * ecx = 3 - subsubfunction number
  962.   * edx = new value for mouse delay
  963. Returned value:
  964.   * function does not return value
  965.  
  966. ----------- Subsubfunction 4 - set mouse pointer position. -----------
  967. Parameters:
  968.   * eax = 18 - function number
  969.   * ebx = 19 - subfunction number
  970.   * ecx = 4 - subsubfunction number
  971.   * edx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [coordinate on axis y]
  972. Returned value:
  973.   * function does not return value
  974. Remarks:
  975.   * It is recommended to set speed of the mouse (in subsubfunction 1)
  976.     from 1 up to 9. The installed value is not inspected by the kernel
  977.     code, so set it carefully, at incorrect value the cursor
  978.     can "freeze". Speed of the mouse can be regulated through the
  979.     application SETUP.
  980.   * Recommended delay of the mouse (in subsubfunction 3) = 10. Lower
  981.     value is not handled by COM mice. At the very large values the
  982.     movement of the mouse on 1 pixel is impossible and the cursor will
  983.     jump on the value of installed speed (subsubfunction 1). The
  984.     installed value is not inspected by the kernel code.
  985.   * The subsubfunction 4 does not check the passed value. Before
  986.     its call find out current screen resolution (with function 14)
  987.     and check that the value of position is inside the limits of the
  988.     screen.
  989.  
  990. ======================================================================
  991. ============ Function 19 - start application from ramdisk. ===========
  992. ======================================================================
  993. Parameters:
  994.   * eax = 19 - function number
  995.   * ebx = pointer to the application name in format similar
  996.     to function 6
  997.   * ecx = 0 or ecx = pointer to command line parameters
  998. Returned value:
  999.   * If eax > 0, then eax contains PID of the created process
  1000.   * If eax < 0, then -eax - file system error code
  1001. Remarks:
  1002.   * This function is obsolete; use subfunction 7 of function 70.
  1003.   * Command line must be terminated by the character with the code 0
  1004.     (ASCIIZ-string); function takes into account either all characters
  1005.     up to terminating zero inclusively or first 256 character
  1006.     regarding what is less.
  1007.  
  1008. ======================================================================
  1009. ==================== Function 20 - MIDI interface. ===================
  1010. ======================================================================
  1011.  
  1012. ----------------------- Subfunction 1 - reset ------------------------
  1013. Parameters:
  1014.   * eax = 20 - function number
  1015.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  1016.  
  1017. -------------------- Subfunction 2 - output byte ---------------------
  1018. Parameters:
  1019.   * eax = 20 - function number
  1020.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  1021.   * cl = byte for output
  1022. Returned value (is the same for both subfunctions):
  1023.   * eax = 0 - success
  1024.   * eax = 1 - base port is not defined
  1025. Remarks:
  1026.   * Previously the base port must be defined by
  1027.     subfunction 1 of function 21.
  1028.  
  1029. ======================================================================
  1030. ======== Function 21, subfunction 1 - set MPU MIDI base port. ========
  1031. ======================================================================
  1032. Parameters:
  1033.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1034.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  1035.   * ecx = number of base port
  1036. Returned value
  1037.   * eax = 0 - success
  1038.   * eax = -1 - erratic number of a port
  1039. Remarks:
  1040.   * Number of a port must satisfy to conditions 0x100<=ecx<=0xFFFF.
  1041.   * The installation of base is necessary for function 20.
  1042.   * To get base port use subfunction 1 of function 26.
  1043.  
  1044. ======================================================================
  1045. ========== Function 21, subfunction 2 - set keyboard layout. =========
  1046. ======================================================================
  1047. Keyboard layout is used to convert keyboard scancodes to ASCII-codes,
  1048. which will be read by function 2.
  1049. Parameters:
  1050.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1051.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  1052.   * ecx = which layout to set:
  1053.     * 1 = normal layout
  1054.     * 2 = layout at pressed Shift
  1055.     * 3 = layout at pressed Alt
  1056.   * edx = pointer to layout - table of length 128 bytes
  1057. Or:
  1058.   * ecx = 9
  1059.   * dx = country identifier (1=eng, 2=fi, 3=ger, 4=rus)
  1060. Returned value:
  1061.   * eax = 0 - success
  1062.   * eax = 1 - incorrect parameter
  1063. Remarks:
  1064.   * If Alt is pressed, the layout with Alt is used;
  1065.     if Alt is not pressed, but Shift is pressed,
  1066.     the layout with Shift is used;
  1067.     if Alt and Shift are not pressed, but Ctrl is pressed, the normal
  1068.     layout is used and then from the code is subtracted 0x60;
  1069.     if no control key is pressed, the normal layout is used.
  1070.   * To get layout and country identifier use
  1071.     subfunction 2 of function 26.
  1072.   * Country identifier is global system variable, which is not used
  1073.     by the kernel itself; however the application '@panel' displays
  1074.     the corresponding icon.
  1075.   * The application @panel switches layouts on user request.
  1076.  
  1077. ======================================================================
  1078. ============== Function 21, subfunction 3 - set CD base. =============
  1079. ======================================================================
  1080. Parameters:
  1081.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1082.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  1083.   * ecx = CD base: 1=IDE0, 2=IDE1, 3=IDE2, 4=IDE3
  1084. Returned value:
  1085.   * eax = 0
  1086. Remarks:
  1087.   * CD base is used by function 24.
  1088.   * To get CD base use subfunction 3 of function 26.
  1089.  
  1090. ======================================================================
  1091. ====== Function 21, subfunction 4 - set Sound Blaster base port. =====
  1092. ======================================================================
  1093. Parameters:
  1094.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1095.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  1096.   * ecx = number of the base port
  1097. Returned value:
  1098.   * eax = 0 - success
  1099.   * eax = -1 - erratic port number
  1100. Remarks:
  1101.   * Number of the port must satisfy to conditions 0x100<=ecx<=0xFFFF.
  1102.   * The installation of the base is necessary for
  1103.     functions 25, 28, 55.
  1104.   * To get base port use subfunction 4 of function 26.
  1105.  
  1106. ======================================================================
  1107. ========== Function 21, subfunction 5 - set system language. =========
  1108. ======================================================================
  1109. Parameters:
  1110.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1111.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  1112.   * ecx = system language (1=eng, 2=fi, 3=ger, 4=rus)
  1113. Returned value:
  1114.   * eax = 0
  1115. Remarks:
  1116.   * System language is global system variable and is not used
  1117.     by the kernel itself, however application @panel draws the
  1118.     appropriate icon.
  1119.   * Function does not check for correctness, as the kernel does not
  1120.     use this variable.
  1121.   * To get system language use subfunction 5 of function 26.
  1122.  
  1123. ======================================================================
  1124. =========== Function 21, subfunction 6 - set WSS base port. ==========
  1125. ======================================================================
  1126. Parameters:
  1127.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1128.   * ebx = 6 - subfunction number
  1129.   * ecx = base port
  1130. Returned value:
  1131.   * eax = 0 - success
  1132.   * eax = -1 - erratic port number
  1133. Remarks:
  1134.   * Port number must satisfy to condition 0x100<=ecx.
  1135.   * WSS base is used by function 27.
  1136.   * To get WSS base port use subfunction 6 of function 26.
  1137.  
  1138. ======================================================================
  1139. ============== Function 21, subfunction 7 - set HD base. =============
  1140. ======================================================================
  1141. The HD base defines hard disk to write with usage of obsolete
  1142. file system functions and functions implicitly using the hard disk
  1143. (such as subfunction 6 of function 18);
  1144. at usage of function 58 and 70 and modern syntax /HD0,/HD1,/HD2,/HD3
  1145. these function set base themselves.
  1146. Parameters:
  1147.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1148.   * ebx = 7 - subfunction number
  1149.   * ecx = HD base: 1=IDE0, 2=IDE1, 3=IDE2, 4=IDE3
  1150. Returned value:
  1151.   * eax = 0
  1152. Remarks:
  1153.   * Any application at any time can change the base.
  1154.   * Do not change base, when any application works with hard disk.
  1155.     If you do not want system bugs.
  1156.   * To get HD base use subfunction 7 of function 26.
  1157.   * It is also necessary to define used partition of hard disk by
  1158.     subfunction 8.
  1159.  
  1160. ======================================================================
  1161. ========= Function 21, subfunction 8 - set used HD partition. ========
  1162. ======================================================================
  1163. The HD partition defines partition of the hard disk to write with
  1164. usage of obsolete file system functions and functions implicitly
  1165. using the hard disk (such as subfunction 6 of function 18);
  1166. at usage of functions 58 and 70 and modern syntax /HD0,/HD1,/HD2,/HD3
  1167. these functions set base and partition themselves.
  1168. Parameters:
  1169.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1170.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  1171.   * ecx = HD partition (beginning from 1)
  1172. Return value:
  1173.   * eax = 0
  1174. Remarks:
  1175.   * Any application at any time can change partition.
  1176.   * Do not change partition when any application works with hard disk.
  1177.     If you do not want system bugs.
  1178.   * To get used partition use subfunction 8 of function 26.
  1179.   * There is no correctness checks.
  1180.   * To get the number of partitions of a hard disk use
  1181.     subfunction 11 of function 18.
  1182.   * It is also necessary to define used HD base by subfunction 7.
  1183.  
  1184. ======================================================================
  1185. ======== Function 21, subfunction 10 - set sound DMA channel. ========
  1186. ======================================================================
  1187. Parameters:
  1188.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1189.   * ebx = 10 - subfunction number
  1190.   * ecx = number of channel (from 0 up to 3 inclusively)
  1191. Returned value:
  1192.   * eax = 0 - success
  1193.   * eax = -1 - incorrect channel number
  1194. Remarks:
  1195.   * Number of DMA channel is used in subfunction 1 of function 55.
  1196.   * To get sound DMA channel use subfunction 10 of function 26.
  1197.  
  1198. ======================================================================
  1199.  Function 21, subfunction 11 - enable/disable low-level access to HD.
  1200. ======================================================================
  1201. Parameters:
  1202.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1203.   * ebx = 11 - subfunction number
  1204.   * ecx = 0/1 - disable/enable
  1205. Returned value:
  1206.   * eax = 0
  1207. Remarks:
  1208.   * Is used in LBA-read (subfunction 8 of function 58).
  1209.   * The current implementation uses only low bit of ecx.
  1210.   * To get current status use subfunction 11 of function 26.
  1211.  
  1212. ======================================================================
  1213.  Function 21, subfunction 12 - enable/disable low-level access to PCI.
  1214. ======================================================================
  1215. Parameters:
  1216.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1217.   * ebx = 12 - subfunction number
  1218.   * ecx = 0/1 - disable/enable
  1219. Returned value:
  1220.   * eax = 0
  1221. Remarks:
  1222.   * Is used in operations with PCI bus (function 62).
  1223.   * The current implementation uses only low bit of ecx.
  1224.   * To get current status use subfunction 12 of function 26.
  1225.  
  1226. ======================================================================
  1227. ============ Function 21, subfunction 13, subsubfunction 1 ===========
  1228. ======== Initialize + get information on the driver vmode.mdr. =======
  1229. ======================================================================
  1230. Parameters:
  1231.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1232.   * ebx = 13 - subfunction number
  1233.   * ecx = 1 - number of the driver function
  1234.   * edx = pointer to 512-bytes buffer
  1235. Returned value:
  1236.   * if driver is not loaded
  1237.     (never happens in the current implementation):
  1238.     * eax = -1
  1239.     * ebx, ecx destroyed
  1240.   * if driver is loaded:
  1241.     * eax = 'MDAZ' (in fasm style, that is 'M' - low byte, 'Z' - high)
  1242.       - signature
  1243.     * ebx = current frequency of the scanning (in Hz)
  1244.     * ecx destroyed
  1245.     * buffer pointed to by edx is filled
  1246. Format of the buffer:
  1247.   * +0: 32*byte: driver name, "Trans VideoDriver"
  1248.     (without quotes, supplemented by spaces)
  1249.   * +32 = +0x20: dword: driver version (version x.y is encoded as
  1250.     y*65536+x), for the current implementation is 1 (1.0)
  1251.   * +36 = +0x24: 7*dword: reserved (0 in the current implementation)
  1252.   * +64 = +0x40: 32*word: list of supported videomodes (each word
  1253.     is number of a videomode, after list itself there are zeroes)
  1254.   * +128 = +0x80: 32*(5*word): list of supported frequences of the
  1255.     scannings for videomodes: for each videomode listed in the
  1256.     previous field up to 5 supported frequences are given
  1257.     (unused positions contain zeroes)
  1258. Remarks:
  1259.   * Function initializes the driver (if it is not initialized yet)
  1260.     and must be called first, before others (otherwise they will do
  1261.     nothing and return -1).
  1262.   * The current implementation supports only one frequency
  1263.     of the scanning on videomode.
  1264.  
  1265. ======================================================================
  1266. ============ Function 21, subfunction 13, subsubfunction 2 ===========
  1267. ================ Get information on current videomode. ===============
  1268. ======================================================================
  1269. Parameters:
  1270.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1271.   * ebx = 13 - subfunction number
  1272.   * ecx = 2 - number of the driver function
  1273. Returned value:
  1274.   * eax = -1 - driver is not loaded or not initialized;
  1275.     ebx,ecx are destroyed
  1276.   * eax = [width]*65536 + [height]
  1277.   * ebx = frequency of the vertical scanning (in Hz)
  1278.   * ecx = number of current videomode
  1279. Remarks:
  1280.   * Driver must be initialized by call to
  1281.     driver function 1.
  1282.   * If only screen sizes are required, it is more expedient to use
  1283.     function 14 taking into account that it
  1284.     returns sizes on 1 less.
  1285.  
  1286. ======================================================================
  1287. === Function 21, subfunction 13, subsubfunction 3 - set videomode. ===
  1288. ======================================================================
  1289. Parameters:
  1290.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1291.   * ebx = 13 - subfunction number
  1292.   * ecx = 3 - number of the driver function
  1293.   * edx = [scanning frequency]*65536 + [videomode number]
  1294. Returned value:
  1295.   * eax = -1 - driver is not loaded, not initialized or
  1296.     an error has occured
  1297.   * eax = 0 - success
  1298.   * ebx, ecx destroyed
  1299. Remarks:
  1300.   * Driver must be initialized by driver function 1.
  1301.   * The videomode number and frequency must be in the table
  1302.     returned by driver function 1.
  1303.  
  1304. ======================================================================
  1305. ============ Function 21, subfunction 13, subsubfunction 4 ===========
  1306. ================== Return to the initial videomode. ==================
  1307. ======================================================================
  1308. Returns the screen to the videomode set at system boot.
  1309. Parameters:
  1310.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1311.   * ebx = 13 - subfunction number
  1312.   * ecx = 4 - number of the driver function
  1313. Returned value:
  1314.   * eax = -1 - driver is not loaded or not initialized
  1315.   * eax = 0 - success
  1316.   * ebx, ecx destroyed
  1317. Remarks:
  1318.   * Driver must be initialized by call to driver function 1.
  1319.  
  1320. ======================================================================
  1321. ============ Function 21, subfunction 13, subsubfunction 5 ===========
  1322. ===== Increase/decrease the size of the visible area of monitor. =====
  1323. ======================================================================
  1324. Parameters:
  1325.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1326.   * ebx = 13 - subfunction number
  1327.   * ecx = 5 - number of the driver function
  1328.   * edx = 0/1 - decrease/increase horizontal size on 1 position
  1329.   * edx = 2/3 - is not supported in the current implementation;
  1330.     is planned as decrease/increase vertical size on 1 position
  1331. Returned value:
  1332.   * eax = -1 - driver is not loaded or not initialized
  1333.   * eax = 0 - success
  1334.   * ebx, ecx destroyed
  1335. Remarks:
  1336.   * Driver must be initialized by call to driver function 1.
  1337.   * Function influences only the physical size of the screen image;
  1338.     the logical size (number of pixels) does not change.
  1339.  
  1340. ======================================================================
  1341. ================= Function 22 - set system date/time. ================
  1342. ======================================================================
  1343. Parameters:
  1344.   * eax = 22 - function number
  1345.   * ebx = 0 - set time
  1346.     * ecx = 0x00SSMMHH - time in the binary-decimal code (BCD):
  1347.     * HH=hour 00..23
  1348.     * MM=minute 00..59
  1349.     * SS=second 00..59
  1350.   * ebx = 1 - set date
  1351.     * ecx = 0x00DDMMYY - date in the binary-decimal code (BCD):
  1352.     * DD=day 01..31
  1353.     * MM=month 01..12
  1354.     * YY=year 00..99
  1355.   * ebx = 2 - set day of week
  1356.     * ecx = 1 for Sunday, ..., 7 for Saturday
  1357.   * ebx = 3 - set alarm clock
  1358.     * ecx = 0x00SSMMHH
  1359. Returned value:
  1360.   * eax = 0 - success
  1361.   * eax = 1 - incorrect parameter
  1362.   * eax = 2 - CMOS-battery was unloaded
  1363. Remarks:
  1364.   * Value of installation of day of week seems to be doubtful,
  1365.     as it a little where is used
  1366.     (day of week can be calculated by date).
  1367.   * Alarm clock can be set on operation in the given time every day.
  1368.     But there is no existing system function to disable it.
  1369.   * Operation of alarm clock consists in generation IRQ8.
  1370.   * Generally CMOS supports for alarm clock set of value 0xFF
  1371.     as one of parameters and it means that the appropriate parameter
  1372.     is ignored. But current implementation does not allow this
  1373.     (will return 1).
  1374.   * Alarm clock is a global system resource; the set of
  1375.     an alarm clock cancels automatically the previous set.
  1376.     However, at moment no program uses it.
  1377.  
  1378. ======================================================================
  1379. ============= Function 23 - wait for event with timeout. =============
  1380. ======================================================================
  1381. If the message queue is empty, waits for new message in the queue,
  1382. but no more than given time. Then reads out a message from the queue.
  1383.  
  1384. Parameters:
  1385.   * eax = 23 - function number
  1386.   * ebx = timeout (in 1/100 of second)
  1387. Returned value:
  1388.   * eax = 0 - the message queue is empty
  1389.   * otherwise eax = event (see the list of events)
  1390. Remarks:
  1391.   * Only those events are taken into account, which enter into
  1392.     the mask set by function 40. By default it is
  1393.     redraw, key and button events.
  1394.   * To check for presence of a message in the queue use function 11.
  1395.     To wait without timeout use function 10.
  1396.   * Transmission ebx=0 results in immediate returning eax=0.
  1397.   * Current implementation returns immediately with eax=0,
  1398.     if the addition of ebx with the current value of time counter
  1399.     makes 32-bit overflow.
  1400.  
  1401. ======================================================================
  1402. ======== Function 24, subfunction 1 - begin to play CD-audio. ========
  1403. ======================================================================
  1404. Parameters:
  1405.   * eax = 24 - function number
  1406.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  1407.   * ecx = 0x00FRSSMM, where
  1408.     * MM = starting minute
  1409.     * SS = starting second
  1410.     * FR = starting frame
  1411. Returned value:
  1412.   * eax = 0 - success
  1413.   * eax = 1 - CD base is not defined
  1414. Remarks:
  1415.   * Previously CD base must be defined by the call to
  1416.     subfunction 3 of function 21.
  1417.   * One second includes 75 frames, one minute includes 60 seconds.
  1418.   * The function is asynchronous (returns control, when play begins).
  1419.  
  1420. ======================================================================
  1421. ======= Function 24, subfunction 2 - get information on tracks. ======
  1422. ======================================================================
  1423. Parameters:
  1424.   * eax = 24 - function number
  1425.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  1426.   * ecx = pointer to the buffer for the table
  1427.     (maximum 8*64h+4 bytes=100 tracks)
  1428. Returned value:
  1429.   * eax = 0 - success
  1430.   * eax = 1 - CD base is not defined
  1431. Remarks:
  1432.   * The format of the table with tracks information is the same as
  1433.     for ATAPI-CD command 43h (READ TOC), usual table (subcommand 00h).
  1434.     Function returns addresses in MSF.
  1435.   * Previously CD base port must be set by call to
  1436.     subfunction 3 of function 21.
  1437.   * Function returns information only about no more than 100
  1438.     first tracks. In most cases it is enough.
  1439.  
  1440. ======================================================================
  1441. ========== Function 24, subfunction 3 - stop play CD-audio. ==========
  1442. ======================================================================
  1443. Parameters:
  1444.   * eax = 24 - function number
  1445.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  1446. Returned value:
  1447.   * eax = 0 - success
  1448.   * eax = 1 - CD base is not defined
  1449. Çàìå÷àíèÿ:
  1450.   * Previously CD base port must be defined by call to
  1451.     subfunction 3 of function 21.
  1452.  
  1453. ======================================================================
  1454. =================== Function 25 - set SBPro volume. ==================
  1455. ======================================================================
  1456. Parameters:
  1457.   * eax = 25 - function number
  1458.   * ebx = what to set:
  1459.     * 1 - set common volume
  1460.     * 2 - set CD-audio volume
  1461.   * cl = volume level: high 4 bits for the left column,
  1462.     low 4 bits for the right one
  1463. Returned value:
  1464.   * eax = 0 - success
  1465.   * eax = 1 - SB base is not defined
  1466.   * eax = 2 - incorrect subfunction
  1467. Remarks:
  1468.   * Previously SB base port must be defined by
  1469.     subfunction 4 of function 21.
  1470.   * See also function 28 which sets
  1471.     volume for the later standard SB16.
  1472.  
  1473. ======================================================================
  1474. ======== Function 26, subfunction 1 - get MPU MIDI base port. ========
  1475. ======================================================================
  1476. Parameters:
  1477.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1478.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  1479. Returned value:
  1480.   * eax = port number
  1481. Parameters:
  1482.   * To set base port use subfunction 1 of function 21.
  1483.  
  1484. ======================================================================
  1485. ========== Function 26, subfunction 2 - get keyboard layout. =========
  1486. ======================================================================
  1487. The keyboard layout is used to convert keyboard scancodes to
  1488. ASCII-codes for function 2.
  1489. Parameters:
  1490.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1491.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  1492.   * ecx = what layout to get:
  1493.     * 1 = normal layout
  1494.     * 2 = layout with pressed Shift
  1495.     * 3 = layout with pressed Alt
  1496.   * edx = pointer to the 128-bytes buffer, where the layout will be
  1497.     copied
  1498. Returned value:
  1499.   * function does not return value
  1500. Or:
  1501.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1502.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  1503.   * ecx = 9
  1504. Returned value:
  1505.   * eax = country identifier (1=eng, 2=fi, 3=ger, 4=rus)
  1506. Remarks:
  1507.   * If Alt is pressed, the layout with Alt is used;
  1508.     if Alt is not pressed, but Shift is pressed,
  1509.     the layout with Shift is used;
  1510.     if Alt and Shift are not pressed, but Ctrl is pressed, the normal
  1511.     layout is used and then from the code is subtracted 0x60;
  1512.     if no control key is pressed, the normal layout is used.
  1513.   * To set layout and country identifier use
  1514.     subfunction 2 of function 21.
  1515.   * Country identifier is global system variable, which is not used
  1516.     by the kernel itself; however the application '@panel' displays
  1517.     the corresponding icon (using this function).
  1518.   * The application @panel switches layouts on user request.
  1519.  
  1520. ======================================================================
  1521. ============== Function 26, subfunction 3 - get CD base. =============
  1522. ======================================================================
  1523. Parameters:
  1524.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1525.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  1526. Returned value:
  1527.   * eax = CD base: 1=IDE0, 2=IDE1, 3=IDE2, 4=IDE3
  1528. Remarks:
  1529.   * CD base is used by function 24.
  1530.   * To set CD base use subfunction 3 of function 21.
  1531.  
  1532. ======================================================================
  1533. ====== Function 26, subfunction 4 - get Sound Blaster base port. =====
  1534. ======================================================================
  1535. Parameters:
  1536.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1537.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  1538. Returned value:
  1539.   * eax = base port number
  1540. Remarks:
  1541.   * Bae port is used by functions 25, 55.
  1542.   * To set base port use subfunction 4 of function 21.
  1543.  
  1544. ======================================================================
  1545. ========== Function 26, subfunction 5 - get system language. =========
  1546. ======================================================================
  1547. Parameters:
  1548.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1549.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  1550. Returned value:
  1551.   * eax = system language (1=eng, 2=fi, 3=ger, 4=rus)
  1552. Remarks:
  1553.   * System language is global system variable and is not used
  1554.     by the kernel itself, however application @panel draws the
  1555.     appropriate icon (using this function).
  1556.   * To set system language use subfunction 5 of function 21.
  1557.  
  1558. ======================================================================
  1559. =========== Function 26, subfunction 6 - get WSS base port. ==========
  1560. ======================================================================
  1561. Parameters:
  1562.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1563.   * ebx = 6 - subfunction number
  1564. Returned value:
  1565.   * eax = base port
  1566. Remarks:
  1567.   * WSS base is used by function 27.
  1568.   * To set WSS base port use subfunction 6 of function 21.
  1569.  
  1570. ======================================================================
  1571. ============== Function 26, subfunction 7 - get HD base. =============
  1572. ======================================================================
  1573. The HD base defines hard disk to write with usage of obsolete
  1574. file system functions and functions implicitly using the hard disk
  1575. (such as subfunction 6 of function 18);
  1576. at usage of function 58 and 70 and modern syntax /HD0,/HD1,/HD2,/HD3
  1577. these function set base themselves.
  1578. Parameters:
  1579.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1580.   * ebx = 7 - subfunction number
  1581. Returned value:
  1582.   * eax = HD base: 1=IDE0, 2=IDE1, 3=IDE2, 4=IDE3
  1583. Remarks:
  1584.   * Any application in any time can change HD base.
  1585.   * To set base use subfunction 7 of function 21.
  1586.   * To get used partition of hard disk use subfunction 8.
  1587.  
  1588. ======================================================================
  1589. ========= Function 26, subfunction 8 - get used HD partition. ========
  1590. ======================================================================
  1591. The HD partition defines partition of the hard disk to write with
  1592. usage of obsolete file system functions and functions implicitly
  1593. using the hard disk (such as subfunction 6 of function 18);
  1594. at usage of functions 58 and 70 and modern syntax /HD0,/HD1,/HD2,/HD3
  1595. these functions set base and partition themselves.
  1596. Parameters:
  1597.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1598.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  1599. Returned value:
  1600.   * eax = HD partition (beginning from 1)
  1601. Remarks:
  1602.   * Any application in any time can change partition.
  1603.   * To set partition use subfunction 8 of function 21.
  1604.   * To get number of partitions on a hard disk use
  1605.     subfunction 11 of function 18.
  1606.   * To get base of used hard disk, use subfunction 7.
  1607.  
  1608. ======================================================================
  1609. === Function 26, subfunction 9 - get the value of the time counter. ==
  1610. ======================================================================
  1611. Parameters:
  1612.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1613.   * ebx = 9 - subfunction number
  1614. Returned value:
  1615.   * eax = number of 1/100s of second, past from the system boot time
  1616. Remarks:
  1617.   * Counter takes modulo 2^32, that correspond to a little more
  1618.     than 497 days.
  1619.   * To get system time use function 3.
  1620.  
  1621. ======================================================================
  1622. ======== Function 26, subfunction 10 - get sound DMA channel. ========
  1623. ======================================================================
  1624. Parameters:
  1625.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1626.   * ebx = 10 - subfunction number
  1627. Returned value:
  1628.   * eax = number of the channel (from 0 to 3 inclusive)
  1629. Remarks:
  1630.   * Number of the DMA channel is used by subfunction 1 of function 55.
  1631.   * To set the sound DMA channel use subfunction 10 of function 21.
  1632.  
  1633. ======================================================================
  1634. ===================== Function 26, subfunction 11 ====================
  1635. ========== Find out whether low-level HD access is enabled. ==========
  1636. ======================================================================
  1637. Parameters:
  1638.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1639.   * ebx = 11 - subfunction number
  1640. Returned value:
  1641.   * eax = 0/1 - disabled/enabled
  1642. Remarks:
  1643.   * Is used in LBA read (subfunction 8 of function 58).
  1644.   * To set current state use subfunction 11 of function 21.
  1645.  
  1646. ======================================================================
  1647. ===================== Function 26, subfunction 12 ====================
  1648. ========== Find out whether low-level PCI access is enabled. =========
  1649. ======================================================================
  1650. Parameters:
  1651.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1652.   * ebx = 12 - subfunction number
  1653. Returned value:
  1654.   * eax = 0/1 - disabled/enabled
  1655. Remarks:
  1656.   * Is used by operations with PCI bus (function 62).
  1657.   * The current implementation uses only low bit of ecx.
  1658.   * To set the current state use subfunction 12 of function 21.
  1659.  
  1660. ======================================================================
  1661. ======== Function 27 - set Windows Sound System (WSS) volume. ========
  1662. ======================================================================
  1663. Parameters:
  1664.   * eax = 27 - function number
  1665.   * ebx = what to set:
  1666.     * 1 - set common volume
  1667.     * 2 - set Line In volume
  1668.   * cl = volume level (0x0=highest, 0x1F=lowest,
  1669.     if bit 0x80 is set=disable)
  1670. Returned value:
  1671.   * eax = 0 - success
  1672.   * eax = 1 - WSS base is not defined
  1673.   * eax = 2 - incorrect subfunction
  1674. Remarks:
  1675.   * Previously WSS base port must be defined by call to
  1676.     subfunction 6 of function 21.
  1677.   * Set of common volume is ignored (function simply returns eax=0).
  1678.   * Old documentation and kernel sources erraticly name function 2
  1679.     as CD-audio volume.
  1680.  
  1681. ======================================================================
  1682. =================== Function 28 - set SB16 volume. ===================
  1683. ======================================================================
  1684. Parameters:
  1685.   * eax = 28 - function number
  1686.   * ebx = what to install:
  1687.     * 1 - install common volume
  1688.     * 2 - install CD-audio volume
  1689.   * cl = volume level (0=off, 0xFF=max)
  1690. Returned value:
  1691.   * eax = 0 - success
  1692.   * eax = 1 - SB base is not defined
  1693.   * eax = 2 - incorrect subfunction
  1694. Remarks:
  1695.   * Previously SB base port must be defined by
  1696.     subfunction 4 of function 21.
  1697.   * This function gives more variants for volume, that function 25.
  1698.  
  1699. ======================================================================
  1700. =================== Function 29 - get system date. ===================
  1701. ======================================================================
  1702. Parameters:
  1703.   * eax = 29 - function number
  1704. Returned value:
  1705.   * eax = 0x00DDMMYY, where
  1706.     (binary-decimal coding, BCD, is used)
  1707.   * YY = two low digits of year (00..99)
  1708.   * MM = month (01..12)
  1709.   * DD = day (01..31)
  1710. Remarks:
  1711.   * To set system date use function 22.
  1712.  
  1713. ======================================================================
  1714. =============== Function 32 - delete file from ramdisk. ==============
  1715. ======================================================================
  1716. Parameters:
  1717.   * eax = 32 - function number
  1718.   * ebx = pointer to the filename
  1719. Returned value:
  1720.   * eax = 0 - success; otherwise file system error code
  1721. Remarks:
  1722.   * This function is obsolete; function 58 allows to fulfill
  1723.     the same operations with the extended possibilities.
  1724.   * The current implementation returns only values 0(success) and
  1725.     5(file not found).
  1726.   * The filename must be either in the format 8+3 characters
  1727.     (first 8 characters - name itself, last 3 - extension,
  1728.     the short names and extensions are supplemented with spaces),
  1729.     or in the format 8.3 characters "FILE.EXT"/"FILE.EX "
  1730.     (name no more than 8 characters, dot, extension 3 characters
  1731.     supplemented if necessary by spaces).
  1732.     The filename must be written with capital letters. The terminating
  1733.     character with code 0 is not necessary (not ASCIIZ-string).
  1734.   * This function does not support folders on the ramdisk.
  1735.  
  1736. ======================================================================
  1737. ================ Function 33 - write file to ramdisk. ================
  1738. ======================================================================
  1739. Parameters:
  1740.   * eax = 33 - function number
  1741.   * ebx = pointer to the filename
  1742.   * ecx = pointer to data for writing
  1743.   * edx = number of bytes for writing
  1744.   * should be set esi=0
  1745. Returned value:
  1746.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  1747. Remarks:
  1748.   * This function is obsolete; function 70 allows to fulfil
  1749.     the same operations with extended possibilities.
  1750.   * If esi contains non-zero value and selected file already exists,
  1751.     one more file with the same name will be created.
  1752.   * Otherwise file will be overwritten.
  1753.   * The filename must be either in the format 8+3 characters
  1754.     (first 8 characters - name itself, last 3 - extension,
  1755.     the short names and extensions are supplemented with spaces),
  1756.     or in the format 8.3 characters "FILE.EXT"/"FILE.EX "
  1757.     (name no more than 8 characters, dot, extension 3 characters
  1758.     supplemented if necessary by spaces).
  1759.     The filename must be written with capital letters. The terminating
  1760.     character with code 0 is not necessary (not ASCIIZ-string).
  1761.   * This function does not support folders on the ramdisk.
  1762.  
  1763. ======================================================================
  1764. ======= Function 35 - read the color of a pixel on the screen. =======
  1765. ======================================================================
  1766. Parameters:
  1767.   * eax = 35
  1768.   * ebx = y*xsize+x, where
  1769.   * (x,y) = coordinates of a pixel (beginning from 0)
  1770.   * xsize = horizontal screen size
  1771. Returned value:
  1772.   * eax = color 0x00RRGGBB
  1773. Remarks:
  1774.   * To get screen sizes use function 14. Pay attention,
  1775.     that it subtracts 1 from both sizes.
  1776.   * There is also direct access (without any system calls)
  1777.     to videomemory through the selector gs. To get parameters of
  1778.     the current videomode, use function 61.
  1779.  
  1780. ======================================================================
  1781. ========= Function 37 - get coordinates/status of the mouse. =========
  1782. ======================================================================
  1783.  
  1784. ---------- Subfunction 0 - screen coordinates of the mouse -----------
  1785. Parameters:
  1786.   * eax = 37 - function number
  1787.   * ebx = 0 - subfunction number
  1788. Returned value:
  1789.   * eax = x*65536 + y, (x,y)=coordinates of the mouse pointer
  1790.     (beginning from 0)
  1791.  
  1792. -- Subfunction 1 - coordinates of the mouse relative to the window ---
  1793. Parameters:
  1794.   * eax = 37 - function number
  1795.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  1796. Returned value:
  1797.   * eax = x*65536 + y, (x,y)=coordinates of the mouse pointer
  1798.     relative to the application window (beginning from 0)
  1799. Remarks:
  1800.   * The value is calculated by formula (x-xwnd)*65536 + (y-ywnd).
  1801.     If y>=ywnd, the low word is non-negative and contains
  1802.     relative y-coordinate, and the high word - relative x-coordinate
  1803.     (with correct sign). Otherwise the low word is negative and still
  1804.     contains relative y-coordinate, and to the high word
  1805.     1 should be added.
  1806.  
  1807. ------------ Subfunction 2 - pressed buttons of the mouse ------------
  1808. Parameters:
  1809.   * eax = 37 - function number
  1810.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  1811. Returned value:
  1812.   * eax contains information on the pressed mouse buttons:
  1813.   * bit 0 is set = left button is pressed
  1814.   * bit 1 is set = right button is pressed
  1815.   * other bits are cleared
  1816.  
  1817. ======================================================================
  1818. ====================== Function 38 - draw line. ======================
  1819. ======================================================================
  1820. Parameters:
  1821.   * eax = 38 - function number
  1822.   * ebx = [start coordinate on axis x]*65536 +
  1823.               [end coordinate on axis x]
  1824.   * ecx = [start coordinate on axis y]*65536 +
  1825.               [end coordinate on axis y]
  1826.   * edx = 0x00RRGGBB - color
  1827. Returned value:
  1828.   * function does not return value
  1829. Remarks:
  1830.   * Coordinates are relative to the window.
  1831.   * End point is also drawn.
  1832.  
  1833. ======================================================================
  1834. == Function 39, subfunction 1 - get a size of the background image. ==
  1835. ======================================================================
  1836. Parameters:
  1837.   * eax = 39 - function number
  1838.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  1839. Returned value:
  1840.   * eax = [width]*65536 + [height]
  1841. Remarks:
  1842.   * There is a pair function to set sizes of background image -
  1843.     subfunction 1 of function 15. After which it is necessary,
  1844.     of course, anew to define image.
  1845.  
  1846. ======================================================================
  1847. == Function 39, subfunction 2 - get pixel from the background image. =
  1848. ======================================================================
  1849. Parameters:
  1850.   * eax = 39 - function number
  1851.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  1852.   * ecx = offset
  1853. Returned value:
  1854.   * eax = 0x00RRGGBB - pixel color, if offset is valid
  1855.     (less than 0x160000-16)
  1856.   * eax = 2 otherwise
  1857. Remarks:
  1858.   * Do not rely on returned value for invalid offsets, it may be
  1859.     changed in future kernel versions.
  1860.   * Offset for pixel with coordinates (x,y)
  1861.     is calculated as (x+y*xsize)*3.
  1862.   * There is a pair function to set pixel on the background image -
  1863.     subfunction 2 of function 15.
  1864.  
  1865. ======================================================================
  1866. == Function 39, subfunction 4 - get drawing mode for the background. =
  1867. ======================================================================
  1868. Parameters:
  1869.   * eax = 39 - function number
  1870.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  1871. Returned value:
  1872.   * eax = 1 - tile
  1873.   * eax = 2 - stretch
  1874. Remarks:
  1875.   * There is a pair function to set drawing mode -
  1876.     subfunction 4 of function 15.
  1877.  
  1878. ======================================================================
  1879. =========== Function 40 - set the mask for expected events. ==========
  1880. ======================================================================
  1881. The mask for expected events affects function working with events
  1882. 10, 11, 23 - they notify only about events allowed by this mask.
  1883. Parameters:
  1884.   * eax = 40 - function number
  1885.   * ebx = mask: bit i corresponds to event i+1 (see list of events)
  1886.     (set bit permits notice on event)
  1887. Returned value:
  1888.   * function does not return value
  1889. Remarks:
  1890.   * Default mask (7=111b) enables nofices about redraw,
  1891.     keys and buttons. This is enough for many applications.
  1892.   * Events prohibited in the mask are saved anyway, when come;
  1893.     they are simply not informed with event functions.
  1894.   * Event functions take into account the mask on moment of
  1895.     function call, not on moment of event arrival.
  1896.  
  1897. ======================================================================
  1898. ==================== Function 41 - get IRQ owner. ====================
  1899. ======================================================================
  1900. Parameters:
  1901.   * eax = 41 - function number
  1902.   * ebx = IRQ number, 0..15
  1903. Returned value:
  1904.   * eax = owner PID
  1905.   * eax = 0, if there is no owner
  1906.   * eax = -1 for incorrect ebx
  1907.  
  1908. ======================================================================
  1909. ==================== Function 42 - read IRQ data. ====================
  1910. ======================================================================
  1911. When an IRQ occurs, the system reads data from ports indicated
  1912. earlier by function 44 and writes this data to
  1913. internal buffer. This function reads out data from that buffer
  1914. bytewise.
  1915. Parameters:
  1916.   * eax = 42 - function number
  1917.   * ebx = IRQ number, 0..15
  1918. Returned value: (use value of ecx to distinguish)
  1919.   * if the thread is not IRQ owner (or IRQ number is incorrect):
  1920.     * ecx = 2
  1921.   * if there is no data:
  1922.     * eax = 0
  1923.     * ecx = 1
  1924.     * ebx destroyed
  1925.   * if all is ok:
  1926.     * eax = byte size of data, not yet read from buffer
  1927.     * ecx = 0
  1928.     * ebx = current byte
  1929. Remarks:
  1930.   * Previously the thread must reserve indicated IRQ for itself
  1931.     by function 45.
  1932.   * The size of data buffer is 4000 bytes, on overflow
  1933.     "fresh" data cease to be written in the buffer.
  1934.  
  1935. ======================================================================
  1936. ================ Function 43 - input/output to a port. ===============
  1937. ======================================================================
  1938.  
  1939. ------------------------ Output data to port -------------------------
  1940. Parameters:
  1941.   * eax = 43 - function number
  1942.   * bl = byte for output
  1943.   * ecx = port number 0xnnnn (from 0 to 0xFFFF)
  1944. Returned value:
  1945.   * eax = 0 - success
  1946.   * eax = 1 - the thread has not reserved the selected port
  1947.  
  1948. ------------------------ Input data from port ------------------------
  1949. Parameters:
  1950.   * eax = 43 - function number
  1951.   * ebx is ignored
  1952.   * ecx = 0x8000nnnn, where nnnn = port number (from 0 to 0xFFFF)
  1953. Returned value:
  1954.   * eax = 0 - success, thus ebx = entered byte
  1955.   * eax = 1 - the thread has not reserved the selected port
  1956. Remarks:
  1957.   * Previously the thread must reserve the selected port
  1958.     for itself by function 46.
  1959.   * Instead of call to this function it is better to use
  1960.     processor instructions in/out - this is much
  1961.     faster and a bit shorter and easier.
  1962.  
  1963. ======================================================================
  1964. =========== Function 44 - define operations at IRQ arrival. ==========
  1965. ======================================================================
  1966. At IRQ arrival the system can read the data from ports defined
  1967. by this function and write these data to internal buffer, whence
  1968. they can be read by ôóíêöèåé 42.
  1969. Parameters:
  1970.   * eax = 44 - function number
  1971.   * ebx = pointer to the array of structures each describing one port:
  1972.     * +0: word: 0 means end of array, otherwise port number
  1973.     * +2: byte: reserved (ignored)
  1974.     * +3: byte: 1=read byte from this port, 2=read word
  1975.   * ecx = IRQ number, 0..15
  1976. Returned value:
  1977.   * eax = 0 - success
  1978.   * eax = 1 - the thread is not owner of selected IRQ
  1979. Remarks:
  1980.   * Previously the thread must reserve for itself selected IRQ
  1981.     by function 45.
  1982.   * First 16 ports are considered only.
  1983.   * The current implementation considers incorrect value of field +3
  1984.     as a signal to terminate IRQ processing.
  1985.  
  1986. ======================================================================
  1987. =================== Function 45 - reserve/free IRQ. ==================
  1988. ======================================================================
  1989. Parameters:
  1990.   * eax = 45 - function number
  1991.   * ebx = 0 - reserve, 1 = free
  1992.   * ecx = IRQ number, 0..15
  1993. Returned value:
  1994.   * eax = 0 - success
  1995.   * eax = 1 - error (invalid IRQ number
  1996.     or attempt to reserve not free IRQ
  1997.     or to free IRQ, not reserved by this thread)
  1998. Remarks:
  1999.   * IRQ reservation is required for functions 42 and 44.
  2000.   * Only one thread can reserve the specific IRQ.
  2001.   * IRQs, handled by the system itself, are reserved by the system
  2002.     (thread 1) at booting.
  2003.   * When a thread terminates, all reserved by it IRQs
  2004.     are freed automatically.
  2005.  
  2006. ======================================================================
  2007. ====== Function 46 - reserve/free a group of input/output ports. =====
  2008. ======================================================================
  2009. To work with reserved ports an application can access directly by
  2010. commands in/out (recommended way) and can use function 43
  2011. (not recommended way).
  2012. Parameters:
  2013.   * eax = 46 - function number
  2014.   * ebx = 0 - reserve, 1 - free
  2015.   * ecx = start port number
  2016.   * edx = end port number (inclusive)
  2017. Returned value:
  2018.   * eax = 0 - success
  2019.   * eax = 1 - error
  2020. Remarks:
  2021.   * For ports reservation: an error occurs if and only if
  2022.     one from the following condition satisfies:
  2023.     * start port is more than end port;
  2024.     * the selected range contains incorrect port number
  2025.       (correct are from 0 to 0xFFFF);
  2026.     * limit for the total number of reserved areas is exceeded
  2027.       (maximum 255 are allowed);
  2028.     * the selected range intersects with any of earlier reserved
  2029.   * For ports free: an error is an attempt to free range,
  2030.     that was not earlier reserved by this function
  2031.     (with same ecx,edx).
  2032.   * If an error occurs (for both cases) function performs no action.
  2033.   * At booting the system reserves for itself ports 0..0xff, and if
  2034.     COM-mouse is detected - additionally range of COM-ports
  2035.     0x3f0..0x3ff and/or 0x2f0..0x2ff.
  2036.   * When a thread terminates, all reserved by it ports
  2037.     are freed automatically.
  2038.  
  2039. ======================================================================
  2040. ============= Function 47 - draw a number in the window. =============
  2041. ======================================================================
  2042. Parameters:
  2043.   * eax = 47 - function number
  2044.   * ebx = parameters of conversion number to text:
  2045.     * bl = 0 - ecx contains number
  2046.     * bl = 1 - ecx contains pointer to dword-number
  2047.     * bh = 0 - display in decimal number system
  2048.     * bh = 1 - display in hexadecimal system
  2049.     * bh = 2 - display in binary system
  2050.     * áèòû 16-21 = how many digits to display
  2051.     * áèòû 22-31 reserved and must be set to 0
  2052.   * ecx = number (if bl=0) or pointer (if bl=1)
  2053.   * edx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [coordinate on axis y]
  2054.   * esi = 0xN0RRGGBB, RRGGBB=color, N=font (0/1)
  2055. Returned value:
  2056.   * function does not return value
  2057. Remarks:
  2058.   * The given length must not exceed 60.
  2059.   * The exactly given amount of digits is output. If number is small
  2060.     and can be written by smaller amount of digits, it is supplemented
  2061.     by leading zeroes; if the number is big and can not be written by
  2062.     given amount of digits, extra digits are not drawn.
  2063.   * Parameters of fonts are shown in the description of function 4
  2064.     (text output).
  2065.  
  2066. ======================================================================
  2067. ========= Function 48, subfunction 0 - apply screen settings. ========
  2068. ======================================================================
  2069. Parameters:
  2070.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2071.   * ebx = 0 - subfunction number
  2072.   * ecx = 0 - reserved
  2073. Returned value:
  2074.   * function does not return value
  2075. Remarks:
  2076.   * Function redraws the screen after parameters change by
  2077.     subfunctions 1 and 2.
  2078.   * Function call without prior call to one of indicated subfunctions
  2079.     is ignored.
  2080.   * Function call with nonzero ecx is ignored.
  2081.  
  2082. ======================================================================
  2083. =========== Function 48, subfunction 1 - set button style. ===========
  2084. ======================================================================
  2085. Parameters:
  2086.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2087.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  2088.   * ecx = button style:
  2089.     * 0 = flat
  2090.     * 1 = 3d
  2091. Returned value:
  2092.   * function does not return value
  2093. Remarks:
  2094.   * After call to this function one should redraw the screen by
  2095.     subfunction 0.
  2096.   * Button style influences only to their draw of function 8.
  2097.  
  2098. ======================================================================
  2099. ====== Function 48, subfunction 2 - set standard window colors. ======
  2100. ======================================================================
  2101. Parameters:
  2102.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2103.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  2104.   * ecx = pointer to the color table
  2105.   * edx = size of the color table
  2106.     (must be 40 bytes for future compatibility)
  2107. Format of the color table is shown in description of subfunction 3.
  2108. Returned value:
  2109.   * function does not return value
  2110. Remarks:
  2111.   * After call to this function one should redraw the screen by
  2112.     subfunction 0.
  2113.   * Table of standard colors influences only to applications,
  2114.     which receive this table obviously (by subfunction 3)
  2115.     and use it (specifying colors from it to drawing functions).
  2116.   * Table of standard colors is included in skin and is installed
  2117.     anew with skin installation (by subfunction 8).
  2118.   * Color table can be viewed/changed interactively with
  2119.     the application 'desktop'.
  2120.  
  2121. ======================================================================
  2122. ====== Function 48, subfunction 3 - get standard window colors. ======
  2123. ======================================================================
  2124. Parameters:
  2125.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2126.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  2127.   * ecx = pointer to the buffer with size edx bytes,
  2128.     where table will be written
  2129.   * edx = size of color table
  2130.     (must be 40 bytes for future compatibility)
  2131. Returned value:
  2132.   * function does not return value
  2133. Format of the color table:
  2134. each item is dword-value for color 0x00RRGGBB
  2135.   * +0: dword: frames - color of frame
  2136.   * +4: dword: grab - color of header
  2137.   * +8: dword: grab_button - color of button on header bar
  2138.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: grab_button_text - color of text on button
  2139.     on header bar
  2140.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: grab_text - color of text on header
  2141.   * +20 = +0x14: dword: work - color of working area
  2142.   * +24 = +0x18: dword: work_button - color of button in working area
  2143.   * +28 = +0x1C: dword: work_button_text - color of text on button
  2144.     in working area
  2145.   * +32 = +0x20: dword: work_text - color of text in working area
  2146.   * +36 = +0x24: dword: work_graph - color of graphics in working area
  2147. Remarks:
  2148.   * Structure of the color table is described in the standard
  2149.     include file 'macros.inc' as 'system_colors'; for example,
  2150.     it is possible to write:
  2151.         sc      system_colors           ; variable declaration
  2152.         ...                             ; somewhere one must call
  2153.                                         ; this function with ecx=sc
  2154.         mov     ecx, [sc.work_button_text]      ; read text color on
  2155.                                         ; buttin in working area
  2156.   * A program itself desides to use or not to use color table.
  2157.     For usage program must simply at calls to drawing functions select
  2158.     color taken from the table.
  2159.   * At change of the table of standard colors (by subfunction 2 with
  2160.     the subsequent application of changes by subfunction 0 or
  2161.     at skin set by subfunction 8) the system sends to all windows
  2162.     redraw message (the event with code 1).
  2163.   * Color table can be viewed/changed interactively with
  2164.     the application 'desktop'.
  2165.  
  2166. ======================================================================
  2167. ============ Function 48, subfunction 4 - get skin height. ===========
  2168. ======================================================================
  2169. Parameters:
  2170.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2171.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  2172. Returned value:
  2173.   * eax = skin height
  2174. Remarks:
  2175.   * Skin height is defined as the height of a header
  2176.     of skinned windows.
  2177.   * See also general structure of window in the description
  2178.     of function 0.
  2179.  
  2180. ======================================================================
  2181. ======== Function 48, subfunction 5 - get screen working area. =======
  2182. ======================================================================
  2183. Parameters:
  2184.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2185.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  2186. Returned value:
  2187.   * eax = [left]*65536 + [right]
  2188.   * ebx = [top]*65536 + [bottom]
  2189. Remarks:
  2190.   * The screen working area defines position and coordinates of
  2191.     a maximized window.
  2192.   * The screen working area in view of normal work is all screen
  2193.     without system panel (the application '@panel').
  2194.   * (left,top) are coordinates of the left upper corner,
  2195.     (right,bottom) are coordinates of the right lower one.
  2196.     Thus the size of working area on x axis can be calculated by
  2197.     formula right-left+1, on y axis - by formula bottom-right+1.
  2198.   * See also function 14,
  2199.     to get sizes of all screen.
  2200.   * There is a pair function to set working area - subfunction 6.
  2201.  
  2202. ======================================================================
  2203. ======== Function 48, subfunction 6 - set screen working area. =======
  2204. ======================================================================
  2205. Parameters:
  2206.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2207.   * ebx = 6 - subfunction number
  2208.   * ecx = [left]*65536 + [right]
  2209.   * edx = [top]*65536 + [bottom]
  2210. Returned value:
  2211.   * function does not return value
  2212. Remarks:
  2213.   * The screen working area defines position and coordinates of
  2214.     a maximized window.
  2215.   * This function is used only by the application '@panel',
  2216.     which set working area to all screen without system panel.
  2217.   * (left,top) are coordinates of the left upper corner,
  2218.     (right,bottom) are coordinates of the right lower one.
  2219.     Thus the size of working area on x axis can be calculated by
  2220.     formula right-left+1, on y axis - by formula bottom-right+1.
  2221.   * If 'left'>='right', x-coordinate of working area is not changed.
  2222.     If 'left'<0, 'left' will not be set. If 'right' is greater than or
  2223.     equal to screen width, 'right' will not be set.
  2224.     Similarly on y axis.
  2225.   * See also function 14,
  2226.     to get sizes of all screen.
  2227.   * There is a pair function to get working area - subfunction 5.
  2228.   * This function redraws the screen automatically,
  2229.     updating coordinates and sizes of maximized windows.
  2230.     The system sends to all windows redraw message (the event 1).
  2231.  
  2232. ======================================================================
  2233. =========== Function 48, subfunction 7 - get skin margins. ===========
  2234. ======================================================================
  2235. Returns the area of a header of a skinned window, intended for
  2236. a text of a header.
  2237. Parameters:
  2238.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2239.   * ebx = 7 - subfunction number
  2240. Returned value:
  2241.   * eax = [left]*65536 + [right]
  2242.   * ebx = [top]*65536 + [bottom]
  2243. Remarks:
  2244.   * An application decides itself to use or not to use this function.
  2245.   * It is recommended to take into account returned value
  2246.     of this function for choice of a place for drawing header text
  2247.     (by function 4) or a substitute of header text
  2248.     (at the discretion of an application).
  2249.  
  2250. ======================================================================
  2251. ============= Function 48, subfunction 8 - set used skin. ============
  2252. ======================================================================
  2253. Parameters:
  2254.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2255.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  2256.   * ecx = pointer to a block for function 58, in
  2257.     which the fields of intermediate buffer and file name are filled
  2258. Returned value:
  2259.   * eax = 0 - success
  2260.   * otherwise eax = file system error code; if file does not
  2261.     contain valid skin, function returns error 3
  2262.     (unknown file system).
  2263. Remarks:
  2264.   * After successful skin loading the system sends to all windows
  2265.     redraw message (the event 1).
  2266.   * At booting the system reads skin from file 'default.skn'
  2267.     on ramdisk.
  2268.   * User can change the skin statically by creating hisself
  2269.     'default.skn' or dynamically with the application 'desktop'.
  2270.  
  2271. ======================================================================
  2272. =========== Function 49 - Advanced Power Management (APM). ===========
  2273. ======================================================================
  2274. Parameters:
  2275.   * eax = 49 - function number
  2276.   * dx = number of the APM function
  2277.     (analogue of ax in APM specification)
  2278.   * bx, cx = parameters of the APM function
  2279. Returned value:
  2280.   * 16-bit registers ax, bx, cx, dx, si, di and carry flag CF
  2281.     are set according to the APM specification
  2282.   * high halves of 32-bit registers eax, ebx, ecx,
  2283.     edx, esi, edi are destroyed
  2284. Remarks:
  2285.   * APM 1.2 specification is described in the document
  2286.     "Advanced Power Management (APM) BIOS Specification"
  2287.     (Revision 1.2), available at
  2288.     http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/archive/amp_12.mspx;
  2289.     besides it is included in famous Interrupt List by Ralf Brown
  2290.     (http://www.pobox.com/~ralf/files.html,
  2291.     ftp://ftp.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/user/ralf/pub/).
  2292.  
  2293. ======================================================================
  2294. =================== Function 50 - set window shape. ==================
  2295. ======================================================================
  2296. Normal windows have rectangular shape. This function can give to
  2297. a window any shape. The shape is given by a set of points inside
  2298. the base rectangle belonging to a window. Position and coordinates
  2299. of the base rectangle are set by function 0
  2300. and changed by function 67.
  2301.  
  2302. --------------------------- Set shape data ---------------------------
  2303. Parameters:
  2304.   * eax = 50 - function number
  2305.   * ebx = 0 - subfunction number
  2306.   * ecx = pointer to shape data (array of bytes 0/1)
  2307. Returned value:
  2308.   * function does not return value
  2309.  
  2310. -------------------------- Set shape scale ---------------------------
  2311. Parameters:
  2312.   * eax = 50 - function number
  2313.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  2314.   * ecx sets a scale: each byte of data defines
  2315.     (2^scale)*(2^scale) pixels
  2316. Returned value:
  2317.   * function does not return value
  2318. Remarks:
  2319.   * Default scale is 0 (scale factor is 1). If in the shape data
  2320.     one byte corresponds to one pixel, there is no necessity
  2321.     to set scale.
  2322.   * Let's designate xsize = window width (in pixels), ysize = height;
  2323.     pay attention, that they are one pixel more than defined by
  2324.     functions 0, 67.
  2325.   * On definition of scale xsize and ysize must be divisible
  2326.     on 2^scale.
  2327.   * Byte of data on offset 'a' must be 0/1 and defines belonging
  2328.     to a window of square with the side 2^scale (if scale=0,
  2329.     this is one pixel) and coordinates of the left upper corner
  2330.     (a mod (xsize shr scale), a div (xsize shr scale))
  2331.   * Data size: (xsize shr scale)*(ysize shr scale).
  2332.   * Data must be presented in the memory and not change
  2333.     after set of shape.
  2334.   * The system views the shape data at every window redraw by
  2335.     function 0.
  2336.   * The call of subfunction 0 with NULL pointer results in return
  2337.     to the rectangular shape.
  2338.  
  2339. ======================================================================
  2340. ==================== Function 51 - create thread. ====================
  2341. ======================================================================
  2342. Parameters:
  2343.   * eax = 51 - function number
  2344.   * ebx = 1 - unique subfunction
  2345.   * ecx = address of thread entry point (starting eip)
  2346.   * edx = pointer to thread stack (starting esp)
  2347. Returned value:
  2348.   * eax = -1 - error (there is too many threads)
  2349.   * otherwise eax = TID - thread identifier
  2350.     </UL>    
  2351.  
  2352. ======================================================================
  2353. === Function 52, subfunction 0 - get network driver configuration. ===
  2354. ======================================================================
  2355. Parameters:
  2356.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2357.   * ebx = 0 - subfunction number
  2358. Returned value:
  2359.   * eax = configuration dword
  2360. Remarks:
  2361.   * Configuration dword can be set by subfunction 2.
  2362.   * The kernel does not use this variable. The value of this
  2363.     variable and working with it subfunctions 0 and 2 is represented
  2364.     doubtful.
  2365.  
  2366. ======================================================================
  2367. ========= Function 52, subfunction 1 - get local IP-address. =========
  2368. ======================================================================
  2369. Parameters:
  2370.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2371.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  2372. Returned value:
  2373.   * eax = IP-address (4 bytes)
  2374. Remarks:
  2375.   * Local IP-address is set by subfunction 3.
  2376.  
  2377. ======================================================================
  2378. === Function 52, subfunction 2 - set network driver configuration. ===
  2379. ======================================================================
  2380. Parameters:
  2381.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2382.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  2383.   * ecx = configuration dword; if low 7 bits derivate the number 3,
  2384.     function [re-]initializes Ethernet-card, otherwise
  2385.     Ethernet turns off
  2386. Returned value:
  2387.   * if Ethernet-interface is not requested, function returns eax=2,
  2388.     but this can be changed in future kernel versions
  2389.   * if Ethernet-interface is requested, eax=0 means error
  2390.     (absence of Ethernet-card), and nonzero value - success
  2391. Remarks:
  2392.   * Configuration dword can be read by subfunction 0.
  2393.   * The kernel does not use this variable. The value of this
  2394.     variable, subfunction 0 and part of subfunction 2, which set it,
  2395.     is represented doubtful.
  2396.  
  2397. ======================================================================
  2398. ========= Function 52, subfunction 3 - set local IP-address. =========
  2399. ======================================================================
  2400. Parameters:
  2401.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2402.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  2403.   * ecx = IP-address (4 bytes)
  2404. Returned value:
  2405.   * the current implementation returns eax=3, but this can be changed
  2406.     in future versions
  2407. Remarks:
  2408.   * Local IP-address can be get by subfunction 1.
  2409.  
  2410. ======================================================================
  2411. = Function 52, subfunction 6 - add data to the stack of input queue. =
  2412. ======================================================================
  2413. Parameters:
  2414.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2415.   * ebx = 6 - subfunction number
  2416.   * edx = data size
  2417.   * esi = data pointer
  2418. Returned value:
  2419.   * eax = -1 - error
  2420.   * eax = 0 - success
  2421. Remarks:
  2422.   * This function is intended only for slow network drivers
  2423.     (PPP, SLIP).
  2424.   * Data size must not exceed 1500 bytes, though function
  2425.     performs no checks on correctness.
  2426.  
  2427. ======================================================================
  2428.  Function 52, subfunction 8 - read data from the network output queue.
  2429. ======================================================================
  2430. Parameters:
  2431.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2432.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  2433.   * esi = pointer to 1500-byte buffer
  2434. Returned value:
  2435.   * eax = number of read bytes (in the current implementation
  2436.     either 0 = no data or 1500)
  2437.   * data was copied in buffer
  2438. Remarks:
  2439.   * This function is intended only for slow network drivers
  2440.     (PPP, SLIP).
  2441.  
  2442. ======================================================================
  2443. ============ Function 52, subfunction 9 - get gateway IP. ============
  2444. ======================================================================
  2445. Parameters:
  2446.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2447.   * ebx = 9 - subfunction number
  2448. Returned value:
  2449.   * eax = gateway IP (4 bytes)
  2450.  
  2451. ======================================================================
  2452. =========== Function 52, subfunction 10 - get subnet mask. ===========
  2453. ======================================================================
  2454. Parameters:
  2455.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2456.   * ebx = 10 - subfunction number
  2457. Returned value:
  2458.   * eax = subnet mask
  2459.  
  2460. ======================================================================
  2461. ============ Function 52, subfunction 11 - set gateway IP. ===========
  2462. ======================================================================
  2463. Parameters:
  2464.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2465.   * ebx = 11 - subfunction number
  2466.   * ecx = gateway IP (4 bytes)
  2467. Returned value:
  2468.   * the current implementation returns eax=11, but this can be changed
  2469.     in future versions
  2470.  
  2471. ======================================================================
  2472. =========== Function 52, subfunction 12 - set subnet mask. ===========
  2473. ======================================================================
  2474. Parameters:
  2475.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2476.   * ebx = 12 - subfunction number
  2477.   * ecx = subnet mask
  2478. Returned value:
  2479.   * the current implementation returns eax=12, but this can be changed
  2480.     in future versions
  2481.  
  2482. ======================================================================
  2483. ============== Function 52, subfunction 13 - get DNS IP. =============
  2484. ======================================================================
  2485. Parameters:
  2486.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2487.   * ebx = 13 - subfunction number
  2488. Returned value:
  2489.   * eax = DNS IP (4 bytes)
  2490.  
  2491. ======================================================================
  2492. ============== Function 52, subfunction 14 - set DNS IP. =============
  2493. ======================================================================
  2494. Parameters:
  2495.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2496.   * ebx = 14 - subfunction number
  2497.   * ecx = DNS IP (4 bytes)
  2498. Returned value:
  2499.   * the current implementation returns eax=14, but this can be changed
  2500.     in future versions
  2501.  
  2502. ======================================================================
  2503. ============ Function 53, subfunction 0 - open UDP-socket. ===========
  2504. ======================================================================
  2505. Parameters:
  2506.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2507.   * ebx = 0 - subfunction number
  2508.   * ecx = local port (only low word is taken into account)
  2509.   * edx = remote port (only low word is taken into account)
  2510.   * esi = remote IP
  2511. Returned value:
  2512.   * eax = -1 = 0xFFFFFFFF - error; ebx destroyed
  2513.   * eax = socket handle (some number which unambiguously identifies
  2514.     socket and have sense only for the system) - success;
  2515.     ebx destroyed
  2516.  
  2517. ======================================================================
  2518. =========== Function 53, subfunction 1 - close UDP-socket. ===========
  2519. ======================================================================
  2520. Parameters:
  2521.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2522.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  2523.   * ecx = socket handle
  2524. Returned value:
  2525.   * eax = -1 - incorrect handle
  2526.   * eax = 0 - success
  2527.   * ebx destroyed
  2528. Remarks:
  2529.   * The current implementation does not close automatically all
  2530.     sockets of a thread at termination. In particular, one should not
  2531.     kill a thread with many opened sockets - there will be an outflow
  2532.     of resources.
  2533.   * The current implementation does no checks on correctness
  2534.     (function returns error only if thread tries to close not opened
  2535.     socket with correct handle).
  2536.  
  2537. ======================================================================
  2538. ============== Function 53, subfunction 2 - poll socket. =============
  2539. ======================================================================
  2540. Parameters:
  2541.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2542.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  2543.   * ecx = socket handle
  2544. Returned value:
  2545.   * eax = number of read bytes
  2546.   * ebx destroyed
  2547. Remarks:
  2548.   * There is no checks for correctness.
  2549.  
  2550. ======================================================================
  2551. ========= Function 53, subfunction 3 - read byte from socket. ========
  2552. ======================================================================
  2553. Parameters:
  2554.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2555.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  2556.   * ecx = socket handle
  2557. Returned value:
  2558.   * if there is no read data: eax=0, bl=0,
  2559.     other bytes of ebx are destroyed
  2560.   * if there are read data: eax=number of rest bytes
  2561.     (possibly 0), bl=read byte, other bytes of ebx are destroyed
  2562. Remarks:
  2563.   * There is no checks for correctness.
  2564.  
  2565. ======================================================================
  2566. ========== Function 53, subfunction 4 - write to UDP-socket. =========
  2567. ======================================================================
  2568. Parameters:
  2569.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2570.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  2571.   * ecx = socket handle
  2572.   * edx = number of bytes to write
  2573.   * esi = pointer to data to write
  2574. Returned value:
  2575.   * eax = 0xffffffff - invalid handle
  2576.   * eax = 0xffff - not enough memory
  2577.   * eax = 0 - success
  2578.   * ebx destroyed
  2579. Remarks:
  2580.   * Check on validity of handle is minimal - only not very incorrect
  2581.     not opened handles are eliminated.
  2582.   * Number of bytes to write must not exceed 1500-28, though
  2583.     the appropriate check is not made.
  2584.  
  2585. ======================================================================
  2586. ============ Function 53, subfunction 5 - open TCP-socket. ===========
  2587. ======================================================================
  2588. Parameters:
  2589.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2590.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  2591.   * ecx = local port (only low word is taken into account)
  2592.   * edx = remote port (only low word is taken into account)
  2593.   * esi = remote IP
  2594.   * edi = open mode: SOCKET_PASSIVE=0 or SOCKET_ACTIVE=1
  2595. Returned value:
  2596.   * eax = -1 = 0xFFFFFFFF - error; ebx destroys
  2597.   * eax = socket handle (some number which unambiguously identifies
  2598.     socket and have sense only for the system) - success;
  2599.     ebx destroyed
  2600.  
  2601. ======================================================================
  2602. ========= Function 53, subfunction 6 - get TCP-socket status. ========
  2603. ======================================================================
  2604. Parameters:
  2605.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2606.   * ebx = 6 - subfunction number
  2607.   * ecx = socket handle
  2608. Returned value:
  2609.   * eax = socket status: one of
  2610.   * TCB_LISTEN = 1
  2611.   * TCB_SYN_SENT = 2
  2612.   * TCB_SYN_RECEIVED = 3
  2613.   * TCB_ESTABLISHED = 4
  2614.   * TCB_FIN_WAIT_1 = 5
  2615.   * TCB_FIN_WAIT_2 = 6
  2616.   * TCB_CLOSE_WAIT = 7
  2617.   * TCB_CLOSING = 8
  2618.   * TCB_LAST_ASK = 9
  2619.   * TCB_TIME_WAIT = 10
  2620.   * TCB_CLOSED = 11
  2621.   * ebx destroys
  2622. Remarks:
  2623.   * There is no checks for correctness.
  2624.  
  2625. ======================================================================
  2626. ========== Function 53, subfunction 7 - write to TCP-socket. =========
  2627. ======================================================================
  2628. Parameters:
  2629.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2630.   * ebx = 7 - subfunction number
  2631.   * ecx = socket handle
  2632.   * edx = number of bytes to write
  2633.   * esi = pointer to data to write
  2634. Returned value:
  2635.   * eax = 0xffffffff - error
  2636.   * eax = 0xffff - not enough memory
  2637.   * eax = 0 - success
  2638.   * ebx destroyed
  2639. Remarks:
  2640.   * Check on validity of handle is minimal - only not very incorrect
  2641.     not opened handles are eliminated.
  2642.   * Number of bytes to write must not exceed 1500-40, though
  2643.     the appropriate check is not made.
  2644.  
  2645. ======================================================================
  2646. =========== Function 53, subfunction 8 - close TCP-socket. ===========
  2647. ======================================================================
  2648. Parameters:
  2649.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2650.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  2651.   * ecx = socket handle
  2652. Returned value:
  2653.   * eax = -1 - invalid handle
  2654.   * eax = 0xffff - not enough memory for socket close packet
  2655.   * eax = 0 - success
  2656.   * in many cases eax is destroyed (the result of function 'queue'
  2657.     is returned) - probably this is bug, which will be corrected
  2658.   * ebx destroyed
  2659. Remarks:
  2660.   * The current implementation does not close automatically all
  2661.     sockets of a thread at termination. In particular, one should not
  2662.     kill a thread with many opened sockets - there will be an outflow
  2663.     of resources.
  2664.   * The current implementation does no checks on correctness
  2665.     (function returns error only if thread tries to close not opened
  2666.     socket with correct handle).
  2667.  
  2668. ======================================================================
  2669. === Function 53, subfunction 9 - check whether local port is free. ===
  2670. ======================================================================
  2671. Parameters:
  2672.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2673.   * ebx = 9 - subfunction number
  2674.   * ecx = local port number (low 16 bits are used only)
  2675. Returned value:
  2676.   * eax = 0 - port is used
  2677.   * eax = 1 - port is free
  2678.   * ebx destroyed
  2679.  
  2680. ======================================================================
  2681. = Function 53, subfunction 255 - debug information of network driver.
  2682. ======================================================================
  2683. Parameters:
  2684.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2685.   * ebx = 255 - subfunction number
  2686.   * ecx = type of requested information (see below)
  2687. Returned value:
  2688.   * eax = requested information
  2689.   * ebx destroyed
  2690. Possible values for ecx:
  2691.   * 100: length of queue 0 (empty queue)
  2692.   * 101: length of queue 1 (ip-out queue)
  2693.   * 102: length of queue 2 (ip-in queue)
  2694.   * 103: length of queue 3 (net1out queue)
  2695.   * 200: number of items in the ARP table
  2696.   * 201: size of the ARP table (in items) (20 for current version)
  2697.   * 202: read item at edx of the ARP table to the temporary buffer,
  2698.     whence 5 following types take information;
  2699.     in this case eax is not defined
  2700.   * 203: IP-address saved by type 202
  2701.   * 204: high dword of MAC-address saved by type 202
  2702.   * 205: low word of MAC-address saved by type 202
  2703.   * 206: status word saved by type 202
  2704.   * 207: ttl word saved by type 202
  2705.   * 2: total number of received IP-packets
  2706.   * 3: total number of transferred IP-packets
  2707.   * 4: total number of dumped received packets
  2708.   * 5: total number of received ARP-packets
  2709.   * 6: status of packet driver, 0=inactive, nonzero=active
  2710.  
  2711. ======================================================================
  2712. ========== Function 55, subfunction 0 - load data for SB16. ==========
  2713. ======================================================================
  2714. Parameters:
  2715.   * eax = 55 - function number
  2716.   * ebx = 0 - subfunction number
  2717.   * ecx = pointer to data (is copied 64 kilobytes, is used as much as
  2718.     set by subfunction 2)
  2719. Returned value:
  2720.   * function does not return value
  2721. Remarks:
  2722.   * Format and size of data are set by subfunction 2.
  2723.  
  2724. ======================================================================
  2725. ======== Function 55, subfunction 1 - begin play data on SB16. =======
  2726. ======================================================================
  2727. Parameters:
  2728.   * eax = 55 - function number
  2729.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  2730. Returned value:
  2731.   * function does not return value
  2732. Remarks:
  2733.   * Previously data must be loaded by subfunction 0 and
  2734.     their format must be defined by subfunction 2.
  2735.   * Function returns control, when playing of data began; after that
  2736.     play goes independently from application (and does not use
  2737.     processor time at all).
  2738.   * Previously must be defined SB16 base port
  2739.     (by subfunction 4 of function 21) and DMA channel
  2740.     (by subfunction 10 of function 21).
  2741.  
  2742. ======================================================================
  2743. ======== Function 55, subfunction 2 - set format of SB16 data. =======
  2744. ======================================================================
  2745. Parameters:
  2746.   * eax = 55 - function number
  2747.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  2748.   * ecx = 0 - set digit capacity
  2749.     * edx = 1 - 8bit mono
  2750.     * edx = 2 - 8bit stereo
  2751.   * ecx = 1 - set data size
  2752.     * edx = size in bytes
  2753.   * ecx = 2 - set play frequency
  2754.     * edx = frequency
  2755. Returned value:
  2756.   * function does not return value
  2757. Remarks:
  2758.   * When the system boots, it sets following default parameters:
  2759.     digit capacity - 8bit mono, size - 64 Kb, frequency - 44100 Hz.
  2760.     Nevertheless it is recommended to set necessary values obviously
  2761.     as they could be reset by some application.
  2762.  
  2763. ======================================================================
  2764.  Function 55, subfunction 55 - begin to play data on built-in speaker.
  2765. ======================================================================
  2766. Parameters:
  2767.   * eax = 55 - function number
  2768.   * ebx = 55 - subfunction number
  2769.   * esi = pointer to data
  2770. Returned value:
  2771.   * eax = 0 - success
  2772.   * eax = 55 - error (speaker is off or busy)
  2773. Data is an array of items with variable length.
  2774. Format of each item is defined by first byte:
  2775.   * 0 = end of data
  2776.   * 1..0x80 = sets sound duration on 1/100 of second; sound note
  2777.     is defined by immediate value of frequency
  2778.     * following word (2 bytes) contains frequency divider;
  2779.       frequency is defined as 1193180/divider
  2780.   * 0x81 = invalid
  2781.   * 0x82..0xFF = note is defined by octave and number:
  2782.     * duration in 1/100 of second = (first byte)-0x81
  2783.     * there is one more byte;
  2784.     * (second byte)=0xFF - delay
  2785.     * otherwise it looks like a*0x10+b, where b=number of the note in
  2786.       an octave from 1 to 12, a=number of octave (beginning from 0)
  2787. Remarks:
  2788.   * Speaker play can be disabled/enabled by
  2789.     subfunction 8 of function 18.
  2790.   * Function returns control, having informed the system
  2791.     an information on request. Play itself goes independently from
  2792.     the program.
  2793.   * The data must be kept in the memory at least up to the end
  2794.     of play.
  2795.  
  2796. ======================================================================
  2797. =============== Function 56 - write file to hard disk. ===============
  2798. ======================================================================
  2799. Parameters:
  2800.   * eax = 56 - function number
  2801.   * ebx = pointer to the file name
  2802.   * ecx = size of data to write (in bytes)
  2803.   * edx = pointer to data to write
  2804.   * esi = pointer to path (ASCIIZ-string)
  2805. Returned value:
  2806.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  2807. Remarks:
  2808.   * This function is obsolete; function 70 allows to fulfil the same
  2809.     operations with the extended possibilities.
  2810.   * This function assumes that during its call by one application
  2811.     no other application works with hard disk.
  2812.   * The path to file is ASCIIZ-string, which may be empty
  2813.     (if the file is created in the root folder) or have the format
  2814.     /d1/d2/.../dn, where all folder names must have the 8+3 format,
  2815.     i.e. 8 characters of name and 3 characters of the extension
  2816.     without separator, supplemented by blanks if necessary;
  2817.     all letters must be capital.
  2818.   * The file name must also have the format 8+3.
  2819.  
  2820. ======================================================================
  2821. ================ Function 58 - work with file system. ================
  2822. ======================================================================
  2823. Parameters:
  2824.   * eax = 58
  2825.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  2826. Returned value:
  2827.   * eax = 0 - success; otherwise file system error code
  2828.   * some subfunctions return value in other registers too
  2829. General format of the information structure:
  2830.   * +0: dword: subfunction number
  2831.   * +4: dword: number of block
  2832.   * +8: dword: size
  2833.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: pointer to data
  2834.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to a memory for system operations
  2835.     (4096 bytes)
  2836.   * +20 = +0x14: n db: ASCIIZ-string with the file name
  2837. Specifications - in documentation on the appropriate subfunction.
  2838. Filename is case-insensitive for latin letters, russian letters
  2839. must be capital.
  2840. Format of filename:
  2841. /base/number/dir1/dir2/.../dirn/file,
  2842. where /base/number identifies device, on which file is located:
  2843. one of
  2844.   * /RD/1 = /RAMDISK/1 to access ramdisk
  2845.   * /FD/1 = /FLOPPYDISK/1 to access first floppy drive,
  2846.     /FD/2 = /FLOPPYDISK/2 to access second one
  2847.   * /HD/x = /HARDDISK/x - obsolete variant of access to hard disk
  2848.     (in this case base is defined by subfunction 7 of function 21),
  2849.     x - partition number (beginning from 1)
  2850.   * /HD0/x, /HD1/x, /HD2/x, /HD3/x to access accordingly to devices
  2851.     IDE0 (Primary Master), IDE1 (Primary Slave),
  2852.     IDE2 (Secondary Master), IDE3 (Secondary Slave);
  2853.     x - partition number on the selected hard drive, varies from 1
  2854.     to 255 (on each hard drive the indexing starts from 1)
  2855. Remarks:
  2856.   * In the first two cases it is also possible to use FIRST
  2857.     instead of 1, SECOND instead of 2, but it is not recommended
  2858.     for convenience of transition to the future extensions.
  2859.   * Limitation n<=39 is imposed.
  2860.   * Names of folders and file dir1,...,dirn,file must have the
  2861.     format 8.3: name no more than 8 characters, dot, extension no
  2862.     more than 3 characters. Trailing spaces are ignored, no other
  2863.     spaces is allowed. If name occupies equally 8 characters,
  2864.     dot may be omitted (though it is not recommended to use this
  2865.     feature for convenience of transition to the future extensions).
  2866.   * This function does not support folders on ramdisk.
  2867. Examples:
  2868.   * '/RAMDISK/FIRST/KERNEL.ASM',0
  2869.     '/rd/1/kernel.asm',0
  2870.   * '/HD0/1/kernel.asm',0
  2871.   * '/hd0/1/menuet/pics/tanzania.bmp',0
  2872. Existing subfunctions:
  2873.   * subfunction 0 - read file/folder
  2874.   * subfunction 1 - rewrite file
  2875.   * subfunction 2 - delete file/folder
  2876.   * subfunction 3 - write to existing file
  2877.   * subfunction 4 - make folder
  2878.   * subfunction 5 - rename/move file/folder
  2879.   * subfunction 8 - LBA-read from device
  2880.   * subfunction 15 - get file system information
  2881.   * subfunction 16 - start application
  2882.  
  2883. ======================================================================
  2884. =========== Function 58, subfunction 0 - read file/folder. ===========
  2885. ======================================================================
  2886. Parameters:
  2887.   * eax = 58
  2888.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  2889. Format of the information structure:
  2890.   * +0: dword: 0 = subfunction number
  2891.   * +4: dword: first block to read (beginning from 0)
  2892.   * +8: dword: amount of blocks to read
  2893.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: pointer to buffer for data
  2894.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer for system operations
  2895.     (4096 bytes)
  2896.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  2897.     given in the general description
  2898. Returned value:
  2899.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  2900.   * ebx = file size (in bytes) or -1=0xffffffff, if file was not found
  2901. Remarks:
  2902.   * Block size is 512 bytes.
  2903.   * This function is obsolete, for reading files use subfunction 0
  2904.     of function 70, for reading folders - subfunction 1 of
  2905.     function 70.
  2906.   * Function can read contents of a folder. Only FAT file system is
  2907.     supported. The format of FAT-folder is described
  2908.     in any FAT documentation.
  2909.   * Size of a folder is determined by size of FAT clusters chain.
  2910.   * If file was ended before last requested block was read,
  2911.     the function will read as many as it can, and after that return
  2912.     eax=6 (EOF).
  2913.   * Function can read root folders /rd/1,/fd/x,/hd[n]/x, but
  2914.     in the first two cases the current implementation does not follow
  2915.     to the declared rules:
  2916.     for /rd/1:
  2917.     * if one want to read 0 blocks, function considers,
  2918.       that he requested 1;
  2919.     * if one requests more than 14 blocks or starting block is
  2920.       not less than 14, function returns eax=5 (not found) è ebx=-1;
  2921.     * size of ramdisk root folder is 14 blocks,
  2922.       0x1C00=7168 áàéò; but function returns ebx=0
  2923.       (except of the case of previous item);
  2924.     * strangely enough, it is possible to read 14th block (which
  2925.       generally contains a garbage - I remind, the indexing begins
  2926.       from 0);
  2927.     * if some block with the number not less than 14 was requested,
  2928.       function returns eax=6(EOF); otherwise eax=0.
  2929.     For /fd/x:
  2930.     * if the start block is not less than 14, function returns
  2931.       eax=5 (not found) and ebx=0;
  2932.     * note that format of FAT12 allows floppies with the root size
  2933.       more or less than 14 blocks;
  2934.     * check for length is not performed;
  2935.     * if data was successful read, function returns
  2936.       eax=0,ebx=0; otherwise eax=10 (access denied), ebx=-1.
  2937.   * The function handles reading of special folders /,/rd,/fd,/hd[n];
  2938.     but the result does not correspond to expected (on operations with
  2939.     normal files/folders), does not follow the declared rules,
  2940.     may be changed in future versions of the kernel and consequently
  2941.     is not described. To obtain the information about the equipment
  2942.     use subfunction 11 of function 18 or
  2943.     read corresponding folder with subfunction 1 of function 70.
  2944.  
  2945. ======================================================================
  2946. ============= Function 58, subfunction 1 - rewrite file. =============
  2947. ======================================================================
  2948. If the file does not exist, it is created.
  2949. If the file exists, it is rewritten.
  2950. Parameters:
  2951.   * eax = 58 - function number
  2952.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  2953. Format of the information structure:
  2954.   * +0: dword: 1 = subfunction number
  2955.   * +4: dword: ignored (set to 0)
  2956.   * +8: dword: number of bytes to write
  2957.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: pointer to data to write
  2958.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer for system operations
  2959.     (4096 bytes)
  2960.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  2961.     given in the general description
  2962. Returned value:
  2963.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  2964.   * ebx destroyed
  2965. Remarks:
  2966.   * This function is obsolete, use subfunction 2 of function 70.
  2967.  
  2968. ======================================================================
  2969. ========== Function 58, subfunction 2 - delete file/folder. ==========
  2970. ======================================================================
  2971. Parameters:
  2972.   * eax = 58 - function number
  2973.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  2974. Format of the information structure:
  2975.   * +0: dword: 2 = subfunction number
  2976.   * +4: dword: ignored
  2977.   * +8: dword: ignored
  2978.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: ignored
  2979.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer for system operations
  2980.     (4096 bytes)
  2981.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  2982.     given in the general description
  2983. Returned value:
  2984.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  2985.   * ebx destroyed
  2986. Remarks:
  2987.   * By operations with a floppy one should not delete not empty
  2988.     folder. The code working with hard disk deletes not empty folders
  2989.     correctly (i.e. recursively with all files and nested folders).
  2990.     Function 58 does not support folders on ramdisk.
  2991.  
  2992. ======================================================================
  2993. ==== Function 58, subfunction 3 - write data to the existing file. ===
  2994. ======================================================================
  2995. Parameters:
  2996.   * eax = 58 - function number
  2997.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  2998. Format of the information structure:
  2999.   * +0: dword: 3 = subfunction number
  3000.   * +4: dword: starting position in the file; -1 = append to the end
  3001.   * +8: dword: number of bytes to write
  3002.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: pointer to data to write
  3003.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer for system operations
  3004.     (4096 bytes)
  3005.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  3006.     given in the general description
  3007. Returned value:
  3008.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  3009.   * ebx destroyed
  3010. Remarks:
  3011.   * This function is obsolete, use subfunction 3 of function 70.
  3012.   * Ramdisk and floppies do not support this function, it is only
  3013.     for hard disks.
  3014.   * File must already exist (otherwise function returns 5, not found).
  3015.     To create files use subfunction 1.
  3016.   * If the starting position is greater than file size, the function
  3017.     returns eax=6(EOF). If the end position is greater than file size,
  3018.     file is extended.
  3019.   * The code of write processing for hard disk interpretes zero
  3020.     value of the field +8 as the instruction to truncate the file to
  3021.     the size, given in the field +4. However the code of processing
  3022.     58th function blocks this possibility for applications by
  3023.     immediate return (with eax=0) in the case of zero size.
  3024.  
  3025. ======================================================================
  3026. ============== Function 58, subfunction 4 - make folder. =============
  3027. ======================================================================
  3028. Parameters:
  3029.   * eax = 58 - function number
  3030.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  3031. Format of the information structure:
  3032.   * +0: dword: 4 = subfunction number
  3033.   * +4: dword: ignored
  3034.   * +8: dword: ignored
  3035.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: ignored
  3036.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer for system operations
  3037.     (4096 bytes)
  3038.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  3039.     given in the general description
  3040. Returned value:
  3041.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  3042.   * ebx destroyed
  3043. Remarks:
  3044.   * Ramdisk and floppies do not support this function, it is only
  3045.     for hard disks.
  3046.  
  3047. ======================================================================
  3048. ======== Function 58, subfunction 5 - rename/move file/folder. =======
  3049. ======================================================================
  3050. Parameters:
  3051.   * eax = 58 - function number
  3052.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  3053. Format of the information structure:
  3054.   * +0: dword: 5 = subfunction number
  3055.   * +4: dword: ignored
  3056.   * +8: dword: ignored
  3057.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: ignored
  3058.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer for system operations
  3059.     (4096 bytes)
  3060.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  3061.     given in the general description
  3062.   * +20+n: (at once after terminating null character) new
  3063.     ASCIIZ-name, must start from /hd/1, that is interpreted as
  3064.     the hard disk, indicated in the first name
  3065.     (moving from one disk to another is not supported)
  3066. Returned value:
  3067.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  3068.   * ebx destroyed
  3069. Remarks:
  3070.   * Ramdisk and floppies do not support this function, it is only
  3071.     for hard disks.
  3072.   * If the new ASCIIZ-name is strongly incorrect, i.e. does not start
  3073.     from /hd/1, /hd/first, /harddisk/1, /harddisk/first or after this
  3074.     space or null character follows, function returns, strangely
  3075.     enough, error code 4. It is the only function which returns
  3076.     this code.
  3077.  
  3078. ======================================================================
  3079. ========= Function 58, subfunction 8 - LBA-read from device. =========
  3080. ======================================================================
  3081. Parameters:
  3082.   * eax = 58 - function number
  3083.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  3084. Format of the information structure:
  3085.   * +0: dword: 8 = subfunction number
  3086.   * +4: dword: number of block to read (beginning from 0)
  3087.   * +8: dword: ignored (set to 1)
  3088.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: pointer to buffer for data (512 bytes)
  3089.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer for system operations
  3090.     (4096 bytes)
  3091.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of device: case-insensitive, one of
  3092.     /rd/1 = /RamDisk/1, /hd/n = /HardDisk/n,
  3093.     1<=n<=4 - number of device: 1=IDE0, ..., 4=IDE3.
  3094.     Instead of digits it is allowed, though not recommended for
  3095.     convenience of transition to future extensions, to use
  3096.     'first','second','third','fourth'.
  3097. Returned value:
  3098.   * for device name /hd/xxx, where xxx is not in the list above:
  3099.     * eax = ebx = 1
  3100.   * for invalid device name (except for the previous case):
  3101.     * eax = 5
  3102.     * ebx does not change
  3103.   * if LBA-access is disabled by subfunction 11 of function 21:
  3104.     * eax = 2
  3105.     * ebx destroyed
  3106.   * for ramdisk: attempt to read block outside ramdisk
  3107.     (18*2*80 blocks) results in
  3108.     * eax = 3
  3109.     * ebx = 0
  3110.   * for successful read:
  3111.     * eax = ebx = 0
  3112. Remarks:
  3113.   * Block size is 512 bytes; function reads one block.
  3114.   * Do not depend on returned value, it can be changed
  3115.     in future versions.
  3116.   * Function requires that LBA-access to devices is enabled by
  3117.     subfunction 11 of function 21. To check this one can use
  3118.     subfunction 11 of function 26.
  3119.   * LBA-read of floppy is not supported.
  3120.   * Function reads data on physical hard drive; if for any reason
  3121.     data of the concrete partition are required, application must
  3122.     define starting sector of this partition (either directly
  3123.     through MBR, or from the full structure returned by
  3124.     ïîäôóíêöèåé 11 ôóíêöèè 18).
  3125.   * Function does not check error code of hard disk, so request of
  3126.     nonexisting sector reads something (most probably it will be
  3127.     zeroes, but this is defined by device) and this is considered
  3128.     as success (eax=0).
  3129.  
  3130. ======================================================================
  3131. ==== Function 58, subfunction 15 - get information on file system. ===
  3132. ======================================================================
  3133. Parameters:
  3134.   * eax = 58 - function number
  3135.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  3136. Format of the information structure:
  3137.   * +0: dword: 15 = subfunction number
  3138.   * +4: dword: ignored
  3139.   * +8: dword: ignored
  3140.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: ignored
  3141.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: ignored
  3142.   * +20 = +0x14: (only second character is checked)
  3143.     /rd=/RAMDISK or /hd=/HARDDISK
  3144. Returned value:
  3145.   * if the second character does not belong to set {'r','R','h','H'}:
  3146.     * eax = 3
  3147.     * ebx = ecx = dword [fileinfo] = 0
  3148.   * for ramdisk:
  3149.     * eax = 0 (success)
  3150.     * ebx = total number of clusters = 2847
  3151.     * ecx = number of free clusters
  3152.     * dword [fileinfo] = cluster size = 512
  3153.   * for hard disk: base and partition are defined by subfunctions
  3154.     7 and 8 of function 21:
  3155.     * eax = 0 (success)
  3156.     * ebx = total number of clusters
  3157.     * ecx = number of free clusters
  3158.     * dword [fileinfo] = cluster size (in bytes)
  3159. Remarks:
  3160.   * Be not surprised to strange layout of 4th returned parameter
  3161.     - when this code was writing, at system calls application got
  3162.     only registers eax,ebx,ecx (from pushad-structure transmitted
  3163.     as argument to the system function). Now it is corrected, so,
  3164.     probably, it is meaningful to return cluster size in edx, while
  3165.     this function is not used yet.
  3166.   * There exists also subfunction 11 of function 18,
  3167.     which returns information on file system. From the full table
  3168.     of disk subsystem it is possible to deduce cluster size (there
  3169.     it is stored in sectors) and total number of clusters
  3170.     for hard disks.
  3171.  
  3172. ======================================================================
  3173. ========== Function 58, subfunction 16 - start application. ==========
  3174. ======================================================================
  3175. Parameters:
  3176.   * eax = 58 - function number
  3177.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  3178. Format of the information structure:
  3179.   * +0: dword: 16 = subfunction number
  3180.   * +4: dword: flags:
  3181.     * bit 0: start the process as debugged
  3182.     * other bits are reserved and must be cleared
  3183.   * +8: dword: 0 or pointer to ASCIIZ-string with parameters
  3184.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: ignored
  3185.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer for system operations
  3186.     (4096 bytes)
  3187.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  3188.     given in the general description
  3189. Returned value:
  3190.   * eax > 0 - the program is loaded, eax contains PID
  3191.   * eax < 0 - an error has occured, -eax contains
  3192.     file system error code
  3193. Remarks:
  3194.   * This function is obsolete, use subfunction 7 of function 70.
  3195.   * Command line must be terminated by character with code 0
  3196.     (ASCIIZ-string); function takes into account either all characters
  3197.     up to terminating null inclusively or the first 256 charachters
  3198.     depending on what is less.
  3199.   * If the process is started as debugged, it is created in
  3200.     the suspended state; to run use subfunction 5 of function 69.
  3201.  
  3202. ======================================================================
  3203. =============== Function 59 - trace last system calls. ===============
  3204. ======================================================================
  3205. Gets data on all system calls of all processes.
  3206. Parameters:
  3207.   * eax = 59 - function number
  3208.   * ebx = 0 - unique subfunction
  3209.   * ecx = pointer to the buffer
  3210.   * edx = size of the buffer
  3211. Returned value:
  3212.   * eax = total number of system calls made from system boot
  3213.     (modulo 2^32)
  3214.   * ebx = 0
  3215. Format of information on one call: (size = 0x40 = 64 bytes)
  3216.   * +0: dword: PID of process/thread
  3217.   * +4: 7*dword: garbage
  3218.   * +32 = +0x20: dword: value of edi at the call
  3219.   * +36 = +0x24: dword: esi
  3220.   * +40 = +0x28: dword: ebp
  3221.   * +44 = +0x2C: dword: stack pointer of the kernel handler
  3222.   * +48 = +0x30: dword: ebx
  3223.   * +52 = +0x34: dword: edx
  3224.   * +56 = +0x38: dword: ecx
  3225.   * +60 = +0x3C: dword: eax (=number of system function)
  3226. Remarks:
  3227.   * The function is used only in the application 'systrace'.
  3228.     It is rather difficult to imagine a situation, in which
  3229.     this application or this function are really useful;
  3230.     and all system calls for support of this function are a little
  3231.     decelerated (though not strongly)...
  3232.   * So there is a proposition to delete from the kernel
  3233.     support of this function, together with application 'systrace'.
  3234.   * The information on system calls saves in the system
  3235.     ring buffer with 0x10 entries.
  3236.     This function simply copies the given size of data
  3237.     from this buffer to the given address.
  3238.   * One can determine, which entry in the buffer corresponds to
  3239.     last system call, by value of eax, namely, it is the entry
  3240.     (eax and 0xF) (at offset (eax and 0xF)*0x40).
  3241.   * In the current implementation there can be the seldom
  3242.     meeting problems of unsynchronization, when the information
  3243.     on some calls becomes outdated.
  3244.   * Under the system buffer one page, 4Kb, is allocated.
  3245.     Size of an entry = 64 bytes. Why only 16 entries are used,
  3246.     is not clearly.
  3247.   * The value of esp at the moment of system call cannot
  3248.     be determined by this function.
  3249.   * The current implementation does not check edx for correctness.
  3250.  
  3251. ======================================================================
  3252. ========== Function 60 - Inter Process Communication (IPC). ==========
  3253. ======================================================================
  3254. IPC is used for message dispatching from one process/thread to
  3255. another. Previously it is necessary to agree how to interpret
  3256. the concrete message.
  3257.  
  3258. ----------- Subfunction 1 - set the area for IPC receiving -----------
  3259. Is called by process-receiver.
  3260. Parameters:
  3261.   * eax = 60 - function number
  3262.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  3263.   * ecx = pointer to the buffer
  3264.   * edx = size of the buffer
  3265. Returned value:
  3266.   * eax = 0 - always success
  3267. Format of IPC-buffer:
  3268.   * +0: dword: if nonzero, buffer is considered locked;
  3269.     lock/unlock the buffer, when you work with it and need that
  3270.     buffer data are not changed from outside (no new messages)
  3271.   * +4: dword: occupied place in the buffer (in bytes)
  3272.   * +8: first message
  3273.   * +8+n: second message
  3274.   * ...
  3275. Format of a message:
  3276.   * +0: dword: PID of sender
  3277.   * +4: dword: message length (not including this header)
  3278.   * +8: n*byte: message data
  3279.  
  3280. ------------------ Subfunction 2 - send IPC message ------------------
  3281. Is called by process-sender.
  3282. Parameters:
  3283.   * eax = 60 - function number
  3284.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  3285.   * ecx = PID of receiver
  3286.   * edx = pointer to the message data
  3287.   * esi = message length (in bytes)
  3288. Returned value:
  3289.   * eax = 0 - success
  3290.   * eax = 1 - the receiver has not defined buffer for IPC messages
  3291.     (can be, still have no time,
  3292.     and can be, this is not right process)
  3293.   * eax = 2 - the receiver has blocked IPC-buffer; try to wait a bit
  3294.   * eax = 3 - overflow of IPC-buffer of the receiver
  3295.   * eax = 4 - process/thread with such PID does not exist
  3296. Remarks:
  3297.   * Immediately after writing of IPC-message to the buffer the system
  3298.     sends to the receiver the event with code 7 (see event codes).
  3299.  
  3300. ======================================================================
  3301. ==== Function 61 - get parameters for the direct graphics access. ====
  3302. ======================================================================
  3303. The data of the graphics screen (the memory area which displays
  3304. screen contents) are accessible to a program directly, without
  3305. any system calls, through the selector gs:
  3306.         mov     eax, [gs:0]
  3307. places in eax the first dword of the buffer, which contains
  3308. information on color of the left upper point (and, possibly, colors
  3309. of several following).
  3310.         mov     [gs:0], eax
  3311. by work in VESA modes with LFB sets color of the left upper point
  3312. (and, possibly, colors of several following).
  3313. To interpret the data of graphics screen program needs to know
  3314. some parameters, returning by this function.
  3315. Remarks:
  3316.   * Graphics parameters changes very seldom at work,
  3317.     namely, only in cases, when user works with the application VRR.
  3318.   * At videomode change the system redraws all windows (event
  3319.     with code 1) and redraws the background (event 5).
  3320.     Same events occur in other cases too, which meet much more often,
  3321.     than videomode change.
  3322.   * By operation in videomodes with LFB the selector gs points to
  3323.     LFB itself, so reading/writing on gs result directly in
  3324.     change of screen contents. By operation in videomodes without
  3325.     LFB gs points to some data area in the kernel, and all functions
  3326.     of screen output fulfil honesty double operation on writing
  3327.     directly to the screen and writing to this buffer. In result
  3328.     at reading contents of this buffer the results correspond to
  3329.     screen contents (with, generally speaking, large color
  3330.     resolution), and writing is ignored.
  3331.     One exception is the mode 320*200, for which main loop of the
  3332.     system thread updates the screen according to mouse movements.
  3333.  
  3334. ------------------------- Screen resolution --------------------------
  3335. Parameters:
  3336.   * eax = 61 - function number
  3337.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  3338. Returned value:
  3339.   * eax = [resolution on x axis]*65536 + [resolution on y axis]
  3340. Remarks:
  3341.   * One can use function 14 paying attention that
  3342.     it returns sizes on 1 pixel less. It is fully equivalent way.
  3343.  
  3344. ---------------------- Number of bits per pixel ----------------------
  3345. Parameters:
  3346.   * eax = 61 - function number
  3347.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  3348. Returned value:
  3349.   * eax = number of bits per pixel (24 or 32)
  3350.  
  3351. -------------------- Number of bytes per scanline --------------------
  3352. Parameters:
  3353.   * eax = 61 - function number
  3354.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  3355. Returned value:
  3356.   * eax = number of bytes occupied by one scanline
  3357.     (horizontal line on the screen)
  3358.  
  3359. ======================================================================
  3360. ===== Function 62, subfunction 0 - get version of PCI-interface. =====
  3361. ======================================================================
  3362. Parameters:
  3363.   * eax = 62 - function number
  3364.   * bl = 0 - subfunction number
  3365. Returned value:
  3366.   * eax = -1 - PCI access is disabled; otherwise
  3367.   * ah.al = version of PCI-interface (ah=version, al=subversion)
  3368.   * high word of eax is zeroed
  3369. Remarks:
  3370.   * Previously low-level access to PCI for applications must be
  3371.     enabled by subfunction 12 of function 21.
  3372.   * If PCI BIOS is not supported, the value of ax is undefined.
  3373.  
  3374. ======================================================================
  3375. ==== Function 62, subfunction 1 - get number of the last PCI-bus. ====
  3376. ======================================================================
  3377. Parameters:
  3378.   * eax = 62 - function number
  3379.   * bl = 1 - subfunction number
  3380. Returned value:
  3381.   * eax = -1 - access to PCI is disabled; otherwise
  3382.   * al = number of the last PCI-bus; other bytes of eax are destroyed
  3383. Remarks:
  3384.   * Previously low-level access to PCI for applications must be
  3385.     enabled by subfunction 12 of function 21.
  3386.   * If PCI BIOS is not supported, the value of ax is undefined.
  3387.  
  3388. ======================================================================
  3389. ===================== Function 62, subfunction 2 =====================
  3390. ===== Get mechanism of addressing to the PCI configuration space. ====
  3391. ======================================================================
  3392. Parameters:
  3393.   * eax = 62 - function number
  3394.   * bl = 2 - subfunction number
  3395. Returned value:
  3396.   * eax = -1 - access to PCI is disabled; otherwise
  3397.   * al = mechanism (1 or 2); other bytes of eax are destroyed
  3398. Remarks:
  3399.   * Previously low-level access to PCI for applications must be
  3400.     enabled by subfunction 12 of function 21.
  3401.   * Addressing mechanism is selected depending on
  3402.     equipment characteristics.
  3403.   * Subfunctions of read and write work automatically
  3404.     with the selected mechanism.
  3405.  
  3406. ======================================================================
  3407. ======== Function 62, subfunctions 4,5,6 - read PCI-register. ========
  3408. ======================================================================
  3409. Parameters:
  3410.   * eax = 62 - function number
  3411.   * bl = 4 - read byte
  3412.   * bl = 5 - read word
  3413.   * bl = 6 - read dword
  3414.   * bh = number of PCI-bus
  3415.   * ch = dddddfff, where ddddd = number of the device on the bus,
  3416.     fff = function number of device
  3417.   * cl = number of register (must be even for bl=5,
  3418.     divisible by 4 for bl=6)
  3419. Returned value:
  3420.   * eax = -1 - error (access to PCI is disabled or parameters
  3421.     are not supported); otherwise
  3422.   * al/ax/eax (depending on requested size) contains the data;
  3423.     the other part of register eax is destroyed
  3424. Remarks:
  3425.   * Previously low-level access to PCI for applications must be
  3426.     enabled by subfunction 12 of function 21.
  3427.   * Access mechanism 2 supports only 16 devices on a bus and ignores
  3428.     function number. To get access mechanism use subfunction 2.
  3429.   * Some registers are standard and exist for all devices, some are
  3430.     defined by the concrete device. The list of registers of the
  3431.     first type can be found e.g. in famous
  3432.     Interrupt List by Ralf Brown
  3433.     (http://www.pobox.com/~ralf/files.html,
  3434.     ftp://ftp.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/user/ralf/pub/);
  3435.     registers of the second type must be listed
  3436.     in the device documentation.
  3437.  
  3438. ======================================================================
  3439. ====== Function 62, subfunctions 8,9,10 - write to PCI-register. =====
  3440. ======================================================================
  3441. Parameters:
  3442.   * eax = 62 - function number
  3443.   * bl = 8 - write byte
  3444.   * bl = 9 - write word
  3445.   * bl = 10 - write dword
  3446.   * bh = number of PCI-bus
  3447.   * ch = dddddfff, where ddddd = number of the device on the bus,
  3448.     fff = function number of device
  3449.   * cl = number of register (must be even for bl=9,
  3450.     divisible by 4 for bl=10)
  3451.   * dl/dx/edx (depending on requested size) contatins
  3452.     the data to write
  3453. Returned value:
  3454.   * eax = -1 - error (access to PCI is disabled or parameters
  3455.     are not supported)
  3456.   * eax = 0 - success
  3457. Remarks:
  3458.   * Previously low-level access to PCI for applications must be
  3459.     enabled by subfunction 12 of function 21.
  3460.   * Access mechanism 2 supports only 16 devices on a bus and ignores
  3461.     function number. To get access mechanism use subfunction 2.
  3462.   * Some registers are standard and exist for all devices, some are
  3463.     defined by the concrete device. The list of registers of the
  3464.     first type can be found e.g. in famous Interrupt List by
  3465.     Ralf Brown; registers of the second type must be listed
  3466.     in the device documentation.
  3467.  
  3468. ======================================================================
  3469. ============== Function 63 - work with the debug board. ==============
  3470. ======================================================================
  3471. The debug board is the global system buffer (with the size
  3472. 512 bytes), to which any program can write (generally speaking,
  3473. arbitrary) data and from which other program can read these data.
  3474. By the agreement written data are text strings interpreted as
  3475. debug messages on a course of program execution. The kernel in
  3476. some situations also writes to the debug board information on
  3477. execution of some functions; by the agreement kernel messages
  3478. begins from the prefix "K : ".
  3479. For view of the debug board the application 'board' was created,
  3480. which reads data from the buffer and displays them in its window.
  3481. 'board' interpretes the sequence of codes 13,10 as newline.
  3482. A character with null code in an end of line is not necessary,
  3483. but also does not prevent.
  3484. Because debugger has been written, the value of the debug board
  3485. has decreased, as debugger allows to inspect completely a course of
  3486. program execution without any efforts from the direction of program
  3487. itself. Nevertheless in some cases the debug board is still useful.
  3488.  
  3489. ----------------------------- Write byte -----------------------------
  3490. Parameters:
  3491.   * eax = 63 - function number
  3492.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  3493.   * cl = data byte
  3494. Returned value:
  3495.   * function does not return value
  3496. Remarks:
  3497.   * Byte is written to the buffer. Buffer size is 512 bytes.
  3498.     At buffer overflow all obtained data are lost.
  3499.   * For output to the debug board of more complicated objects
  3500.     (strings, numbers) it is enough to call this function in cycle.
  3501.     It is possible not to write the appropriate code manually and use
  3502.     file 'debug.inc', which is included into the distributive.
  3503.  
  3504. ----------------------------- Read byte ------------------------------
  3505. Takes away byte from the buffer.
  3506. Parameters:
  3507.   * eax = 63 - function number
  3508.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  3509. Returned value:
  3510.   * eax = ebx = 0 - the buffer is empty
  3511.   * eax = byte, ebx = 1 - byte was successfully read
  3512.  
  3513. ======================================================================
  3514. ============== Function 64 - resize application memory. ==============
  3515. ======================================================================
  3516. Parameters:
  3517.   * eax = 64 - function number
  3518.   * ebx = 1 - unique subfunction
  3519.   * ecx = new memory size
  3520. Returned value:
  3521.   * eax = 0 - success
  3522.   * eax = 1 - not enough memory
  3523. Remarks:
  3524.   * At the moment this function is a sole resource for dynamic
  3525.     allocation/free of application memory.
  3526.  
  3527. ======================================================================
  3528. ================== Function 66 - work with keyboard. =================
  3529. ======================================================================
  3530. The input mode influences results of reading keys by function 2.
  3531. When a program loads, ASCII input mode is set for it.
  3532.  
  3533. -------------- Subfunction 1 - set keyboard input mode. --------------
  3534. Parameters:
  3535.   * eax = 66 - function number
  3536.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  3537.   * ecx = mode:
  3538.     * 0 = normal (ASCII-characters)
  3539.     * 1 = scancodes
  3540. Returned value:
  3541.   * function does not return value
  3542.  
  3543. -------------- Subfunction 2 - get keyboard input mode. --------------
  3544. Parameters:
  3545.   * eax = 66 - function number
  3546.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  3547. Returned value:
  3548.   * eax = current mode
  3549.  
  3550. ------------ Subfunction 3 - get status of control keys. -------------
  3551. Parameters:
  3552.   * eax = 66 - function number
  3553.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  3554. Returned value:
  3555.   * eax = bit mask:
  3556.   * bit 0 (mask 1): left Shift is pressed
  3557.   * bit 1 (mask 2): right Shift is pressed
  3558.   * bit 2 (mask 4): left Ctrl is pressed
  3559.   * bit 3 (mask 8): right Ctrl is pressed
  3560.   * bit 4 (mask 0x10): left Alt is pressed
  3561.   * bit 5 (mask 0x20): right Alt is pressed
  3562.   * bit 6 (mask 0x40): CapsLock is on
  3563.   * bit 7 (mask 0x80): NumLock is on
  3564.   * bit 8 (mask 0x100): ScrollLock is on
  3565.   * other bits are cleared
  3566.  
  3567. -------------- Subfunction 4 - set system-wide hotkey. ---------------
  3568. When hotkey is pressed, the system notifies only those applications,
  3569. which have installed it; the active application (which receives
  3570. all normal input) does not receive such keys.
  3571. The notification consists in sending event with the code 2.
  3572. Reading hotkey is the same as reading normal key - by function 2.
  3573. Parameters:
  3574.   * eax = 66 - function number
  3575.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  3576.   * cl determines key scancode;
  3577.     use cl=0 to give combinations such as Ctrl+Shift
  3578.   * edx = 0xXYZ determines possible states of control keys:
  3579.     * Z (low 4 bits) determines state of LShift and RShift:
  3580.       * 0 = no key must be pressed;
  3581.       * 1 = exactly one key must be pressed;
  3582.       * 2 = both keys must be pressed;
  3583.       * 3 = must be pressed LShift, but not RShift;
  3584.       * 4 = must be pressed RShift, but not LShift
  3585.     * Y - similar for LCtrl and RCtrl;
  3586.     * X - similar for LAlt and RAlt
  3587. Returned value:
  3588.   * eax=0 - success
  3589.   * eax=1 - too mant hotkeys (maximum 256 are allowed)
  3590. Remarks:
  3591.   * Hotkey can work either at pressing or at release. Release
  3592.     scancode of a key is more on 128 than pressing scancode
  3593.     (i.e. high bit is set).
  3594.   * Several applications can set the same combination;
  3595.     all such applications will be informed on pressing
  3596.     such combination.
  3597.  
  3598. -------------- Subfunction 5 - delete installed hotkey. --------------
  3599. Parameters:
  3600.   * eax = 66 - function number
  3601.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  3602.   * cl = scancode of key and edx = 0xXYZ the same as in subfunction 4
  3603. Returned value:
  3604.   * eax = 0 - success
  3605.   * eax = 1 - there is no such hotkey
  3606. Remarks:
  3607.   * When a process/thread terminates, all hotkey installed by it are
  3608.     deleted.
  3609.   * The call to this subfunction does not affect other applications.
  3610.     If other application has defined the same combination, it will
  3611.     still receive notices.
  3612.  
  3613. ======================================================================
  3614. ========= Function 67 - change position/sizes of the window. =========
  3615. ======================================================================
  3616. Parameters:
  3617.   * eax = 67 - function number
  3618.   * ebx = new x-coordinate of the window
  3619.   * ecx = new y-coordinate of the window
  3620.   * edx = new x-size of the window
  3621.   * esi = new y-size of the window
  3622. Returned value:
  3623.   * function does not return value
  3624. Remarks:
  3625.   * The value -1 for a parameter means "do not change"; e.g. to move
  3626.     the window without resizing it is possible to specify edx=esi=-1.
  3627.   * Previously the window must be defined by function 0.
  3628.     It sets initial coordinates and sizes of the window.
  3629.   * Sizes of the window are understood in sense of function 0,
  3630.     that is one pixel less than real sizes.
  3631.   * The function call for maximized windows is simply ignored.
  3632.   * For windows of appropriate styles position and/or sizes can be
  3633.     changed by user; current position and sizes can be obtained by
  3634.     call to function 9.
  3635.   * The function sends to the window redraw event (with the code 1).
  3636.  
  3637. ======================================================================
  3638. ====== Function 68, subfunction 0 - get the task switch counter. =====
  3639. ======================================================================
  3640. Parameters:
  3641.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3642.   * ebx = 0 - subfunction number
  3643. Returned value:
  3644.   * eax = number of task switches from the system booting
  3645.     (modulo 2^32)
  3646.  
  3647. ======================================================================
  3648. ======= Function 68, subfunction 1 - switch to the next thread. ======
  3649. ======================================================================
  3650. The function completes the current time slice allocated to the
  3651. thread and switches to the next. (Which thread in which process
  3652. will be next, is unpredictable). Later, when execution queue
  3653. will reach the current thread, execution will be continued.
  3654. Parameters:
  3655.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3656.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  3657. Returned value:
  3658.   * function does not return value
  3659.  
  3660. ======================================================================
  3661. ============= Function 68, subfunction 2 - cache + rdpmc. ============
  3662. ======================================================================
  3663. Parameters:
  3664.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3665.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  3666.   * ecx = required action:
  3667.     * ecx = 0 - enable instruction 'rdpmc'
  3668.       (ReaD Performance-Monitoring Counters) for applications
  3669.     * ecx = 1 - find out whether cache is disabled/enabled
  3670.     * ecx = 2 - enable cache
  3671.     * ecx = 3 - disable cache
  3672. Returned value:
  3673.   * for ecx=0:
  3674.     * eax = the value of cr4
  3675.   * for ecx=1:
  3676.     * eax = (cr0 and 0x60000000):
  3677.     * eax = 0 - cache is on
  3678.     * eax <> 0 - cache is off
  3679.   * for ecx=2 and ecx=3:
  3680.     * function does not return value
  3681.  
  3682. ======================================================================
  3683. =========== Function 68, subfunction 3 - read MSR-register. ==========
  3684. ======================================================================
  3685. MSR = Model Specific Register; the complete list of MSR-registers
  3686. of a processor is included to the documentation on it (for example,
  3687. IA-32 Intel Architecture Software Developer's Manual,
  3688. Volume 3, Appendix B); each processor family has its own subset
  3689. of the MSR-registers.
  3690. Parameters:
  3691.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3692.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  3693.   * ecx is ignored
  3694.   * edx = MSR address
  3695. Returned value:
  3696.   * ebx:eax = high:low dword of the result
  3697. Remarks:
  3698.   * If ecx contains nonexistent or not implemented for this processor
  3699.     MSR, processor will generate an exception in the kernel, which
  3700.     will kill the thread.
  3701.   * Previously it is necessary to check, whether MSRs are supported
  3702.     as a whole, with the instruction 'cpuid'. Otherwise processor
  3703.     will generate other exception in the kernel, which will anyway
  3704.     kill the thread.
  3705.  
  3706. ======================================================================
  3707. ========= Function 68, subfunction 4 - write to MSR-register. ========
  3708. ======================================================================
  3709. MSR = Model Specific Register; the complete list of MSR-registers
  3710. of a processor is included to the documentation on it (for example,
  3711. IA-32 Intel Architecture Software Developer's Manual,
  3712. Volume 3, Appendix B); each processor family has its own subset
  3713. of the MSR-registers.
  3714. Parameters:
  3715.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3716.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  3717.   * ecx is ignored
  3718.   * edx = MSR address
  3719.   * esi:edi = high:low dword
  3720. Returned value:
  3721.   * ebx:eax = copy of esi:edi
  3722. Çàìå÷àíèÿ:
  3723.   * If ecx contains nonexistent or not implemented for this processor
  3724.     MSR, processor will generate an exception in the kernel, which
  3725.     will kill the thread.
  3726.   * Previously it is necessary to check, whether MSRs are supported
  3727.     as a whole, with the instruction 'cpuid'. Otherwise processor
  3728.     will generate other exception in the kernel, which will anyway
  3729.     kill the thread.
  3730.  
  3731. ======================================================================
  3732. ======= Function 68, subfunction 5 - allocate physical memory. =======
  3733. ======================================================================
  3734. Parameters:
  3735.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3736.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  3737.   * ecx = size (in bytes)
  3738. Returned value:
  3739.   * eax = physical address of allocated memory
  3740. Remarks:
  3741.   * Normal applications must not use this function, it is intended
  3742.     for the case, when for some device it is required to place
  3743.     data to the known physical address. (In effect, this function
  3744.     was developed for AC97WAV.)
  3745.   * The number of blocks of physical memory is limited (by constant
  3746.     24, and this constant includes some blocks for kernel).
  3747.   * To free a memory allocated by such way use
  3748.     subfunction 6, to copy data there and back
  3749.     use subfunctions 7 and 8.
  3750.  
  3751. ======================================================================
  3752. ========= Function 68, subfunction 6 - free physical memory. =========
  3753. ======================================================================
  3754. Parameters:
  3755.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3756.   * ebx = 6 - subfunction number
  3757.   * ecx = physical address of memory
  3758. Returned value:
  3759.   * function does not return value
  3760. Remarks:
  3761.   * Normal applications must not use this function, it is intended
  3762.     for the case, when for some device it is required to place
  3763.     data to the known physical address. (In effect, this function
  3764.     was developed for AC97WAV.)
  3765.   * The memory must be previously allocated by subfunction 5.
  3766.  
  3767. ======================================================================
  3768. ===== Function 68, subfunction 7 - write data to physical memory. ====
  3769. ======================================================================
  3770. Parameters:
  3771.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3772.   * ebx = 7 - subfunction number
  3773.   * ecx = physical address
  3774.   * edx = pointer to the data (in the application)
  3775.   * esi = size of the data (in bytes)
  3776. Returned value:
  3777.   * function does not return value
  3778. Remarks:
  3779.   * Normal applications must not use this function, it is intended
  3780.     for the case, when for some device it is required to place
  3781.     data to the known physical address. (In effect, this function
  3782.     was developed for AC97WAV.)
  3783.   * The range of physical addresses should lie inside of previously
  3784.     allocated by subfunction 5 block of physical memory.
  3785.   * There is no check for correctness.
  3786.  
  3787. ======================================================================
  3788. ==== Function 68, subfunction 8 - read data from physical memory. ====
  3789. ======================================================================
  3790. Parameters:
  3791.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3792.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  3793.   * ecx = physical address
  3794.   * edx = pointer to buffer for data (in application)
  3795.   * esi = size of data (in bytes)
  3796. Returned value:
  3797.   * function does not return value
  3798. Remarks:
  3799.   * Normal applications must not use this function, it is intended
  3800.     for the case, when for some device it is required to place
  3801.     data to the known physical address. (In effect, this function
  3802.     was developed for AC97WAV.)
  3803.   * The range of physical addresses should lie inside of previously
  3804.     allocated by subfunction 5 block of physical memory.
  3805.   * There is no check for correctness.
  3806.  
  3807. ======================================================================
  3808. ====================== Fucntion 69 - debugging. ======================
  3809. ======================================================================
  3810. A process can load other process as debugged by set of corresponding
  3811. bit by call to subfunction 16 of function 58
  3812. or subfunction 7 of function 70.
  3813. A process can have only one debugger; one process can debug some
  3814. others. The system notifies debugger on events occuring with
  3815. debugged process. Messages are written to the buffer defined by
  3816. subfunction 0.
  3817. Format of a message:
  3818.   * +0: dword: message code
  3819.   * +4: dword: PID of debugged process
  3820.   * +8: there can be additional data depending on message code
  3821. Message codes:
  3822.   * 1 = exception
  3823.     * in addition dword-number of the exception is given
  3824.     * process is suspended
  3825.   * 2 = process has terminated
  3826.     * comes at any termination: both through the system function -1,
  3827.       and at "murder" by any other process (including debugger itself)
  3828.   * 3 = debug exception int 1 = #DB
  3829.     * in addition dword-image of the register DR6 is given:
  3830.       * bits 0-3: condition of the corresponding breakpoint (set by
  3831.         subfunction 9) is satisfied
  3832.       * áèò 14: exception has occured because of the trace mode
  3833.         (flag TF is set TF)
  3834.     * process is suspended
  3835. When debugger terminates, all debugged processes are killed.
  3836. If debugger does not want this, it must previously detach by
  3837. subfunction 3.
  3838.  
  3839. All subfunctions are applicable only to processes/threads started
  3840. from the current by function 58 or 70 with set debugging flag.
  3841. Debugging of multithreaded programs is not supported yet.
  3842. The full list of subfunctions:
  3843.   * subfunction 0 - define data area for debug messages
  3844.   * subfunction 1 - get contents of registers of debugged thread
  3845.   * subfunction 2 - set contents of registers of debugged thread
  3846.   * subfunction 3 - detach from debugged process
  3847.   * subfunction 4 - suspend debugged thread
  3848.   * subfunction 5 - resume debugged thread
  3849.   * subfunction 6 - read from the memory of debugged process
  3850.   * subfunction 7 - write to the memory of debugged process
  3851.   * subfunction 8 - terminate debugged thread
  3852.   * subfunction 9 - set/clear hardware breakpoint
  3853.  
  3854. ======================================================================
  3855. = Function 69, subfunction 0 - define data area fror debug messages. =
  3856. ======================================================================
  3857. Parameters:
  3858.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3859.   * ebx = 0 - subfunction number
  3860.   * ecx = pointer
  3861. Format of data area:
  3862.   * +0: dword: N = buffer size (not including this header)
  3863.   * +4: dword: occupied place
  3864.   * +8: N*byte: buffer
  3865. Returned value:
  3866.   * function does not return value
  3867. Remarks:
  3868.   * If the size field is negative, the buffer is considered locked
  3869.     and at arrival of new message the system will wait.
  3870.     For synchronization frame all work with the buffer by operations
  3871.     lock/unlock
  3872.         neg     [bufsize]
  3873.   * Data in the buffer are considered as array of items with variable
  3874.     length - messages. Format of a message is explained in
  3875.     general description.
  3876.  
  3877. ======================================================================
  3878. ===================== Function 69, subfunction 1 =====================
  3879. ============ Get contents of registers of debugged thread. ===========
  3880. ======================================================================
  3881. Parameters:
  3882.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3883.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  3884.   * ecx = thread identifier
  3885.   * edx = size of context structure, must be 0x28=40 bytes
  3886.   * esi = pointer to context structure
  3887. Returned value:
  3888.   * function does not return value
  3889. Format of context structure: (FPU is not supported yet)
  3890.   * +0: dword: eip
  3891.   * +4: dword: eflags
  3892.   * +8: dword: eax
  3893.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: ecx
  3894.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: edx
  3895.   * +20 = +0x14: dword: ebx
  3896.   * +24 = +0x18: dword: esp
  3897.   * +28 = +0x1C: dword: ebp
  3898.   * +32 = +0x20: dword: esi
  3899.   * +36 = +0x24: dword: edi
  3900. Remarks:
  3901.   * If the thread executes code of ring-0, the function returns
  3902.     contents of registers of ring-3.
  3903.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  3904.     general description).
  3905.  
  3906. ======================================================================
  3907. ===================== Function 69, subfunction 2 =====================
  3908. ============ Set contents of registers of debugged thread. ===========
  3909. ======================================================================
  3910. Parameters:
  3911.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3912.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  3913.   * ecx = thread identifier
  3914.   * edx = size of context structure, must be 0x28=40 bytes
  3915. Returned value:
  3916.   * function does not return value
  3917. Format of context structure is shown in the description of
  3918. subfunction 1.
  3919. Remarks:
  3920.   * If the thread executes code of ring-0, the function returns
  3921.     contents of registers of ring-3.
  3922.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  3923.     general description).
  3924.  
  3925. ======================================================================
  3926. ===== Function 69, subfunction 3 - detach from debugged process. =====
  3927. ======================================================================
  3928. Parameters:
  3929.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3930.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  3931.   * ecx = identifier
  3932. Returned value:
  3933.   * function does not return value
  3934. Remarks:
  3935.   * If the process was suspended, it resumes execution.
  3936.  
  3937. ======================================================================
  3938. ======== Function 69, subfunction 4 - suspend debugged thread. =======
  3939. ======================================================================
  3940. Parameters:
  3941.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3942.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  3943.   * ecx = thread identifier
  3944. Returned value:
  3945.   * function does not return value
  3946. Remarks:
  3947.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  3948.     general description).
  3949.  
  3950. ======================================================================
  3951. ======== Function 69, subfunction 5 - resume debugged thread. ========
  3952. ======================================================================
  3953. Parameters:
  3954.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3955.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  3956.   * ecx = thread identifier
  3957. Returned value:
  3958.   * function does not return value
  3959. Remarks:
  3960.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  3961.     general description).
  3962.  
  3963. ======================================================================
  3964. = Fucntion 69, subfunction 6 - read from memory of debugged process. =
  3965. ======================================================================
  3966. Parameters:
  3967.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3968.   * ebx = 6 - subfunction number
  3969.   * ecx = identifier
  3970.   * edx = number of bytes to read
  3971.   * esi = address in the memory of debugged process
  3972.   * edi = pointer to buffer for data
  3973. Returned value:
  3974.   * eax = -1 at an error (invalid PID or buffer)
  3975.   * otherwise eax = number of read bytes (possibly, 0,
  3976.     if esi is too large)
  3977. Remarks:
  3978.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  3979.     general description).
  3980.  
  3981. ======================================================================
  3982. == Function 69, subfunction 7 - write to memory of debugged process. =
  3983. ======================================================================
  3984. Parameters:
  3985.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3986.   * ebx = 7 - subfunction number
  3987.   * ecx = identifier
  3988.   * edx = number of bytes to write
  3989.   * esi = address of memory in debugged process
  3990.   * edi = pointer to data
  3991. Returned value:
  3992.   * eax = -1 at an error (invalid PID or buffer)
  3993.   * otherwise eax = number of written bytes (possibly, 0,
  3994.     if esi is too large)
  3995. Remarks:
  3996.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  3997.     general description).
  3998.  
  3999. ======================================================================
  4000. ======= Function 69, subfunction 8 - terminate debugged thread. ======
  4001. ======================================================================
  4002. Parameters:
  4003.   * eax = 69 - function number
  4004.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  4005.   * ecx = identifier
  4006. Returned value:
  4007.   * function does not return value
  4008. Remarks:
  4009.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  4010.     general description).
  4011.   * The function is similar to subfunction 2 of function 18
  4012.     with two differences: it requires first remark and
  4013.     accepts PID rather than slot number.
  4014.  
  4015. ======================================================================
  4016. ===== Function 69, subfunction 9 - set/clear hardware breakpoint. ====
  4017. ======================================================================
  4018. Parameters:
  4019.   * eax = 69 - function number
  4020.   * ebx = 9 - subfunction number
  4021.   * ecx = thread identifier
  4022.   * dl = index of breakpoint, from 0 to 3 inclusively
  4023.   * dh = flags:
  4024.     * if high bit is cleared - set breakpoint:
  4025.       * bits 0-1 - condition:
  4026.         * 00 = breakpoint on execution
  4027.         * 01 = breakpoint on read
  4028.         * 11 = breakpoint on read/write
  4029.       * bits 2-3 - length; for breakpoints on exception it must be
  4030.         00, otherwise one of
  4031.         * 00 = byte
  4032.         * 01 = word
  4033.         * 11 = dword
  4034.       * esi = breakpoint address; must be aligned according to
  4035.         the length (i.e. must be even for word breakpoints,
  4036.         divisible by 4 for dword)
  4037.     * if high bit is set - clear breakpoint
  4038. Returned value:
  4039.   * eax = 0 - success
  4040.   * eax = 1 - error in the input data
  4041.   * eax = 2 - (reserved, is never returned in the current
  4042.     implementation) a global breakpoint with that index is already set
  4043. Remarks:
  4044.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  4045.     general description).
  4046.   * Hardware breakpoints are implemented through DRx-registers of
  4047.     the processor, all limitations results from this.
  4048.   * The function can reinstall the breakpoint, previously set
  4049.     by it (and it does not inform on this).
  4050.     Carry on the list of set breakpoints in the debugger.
  4051.   * Breakpoints generate debug exception #DB, on which the system
  4052.     notifies debugger.
  4053.   * Breakpoints on write and read/write act after
  4054.     execution of the caused it instruction.
  4055.  
  4056. ======================================================================
  4057. ==== Function 70 - work with file system with long names support. ====
  4058. ======================================================================
  4059. Parameters:
  4060.   * eax = 70
  4061.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4062. Returned value:
  4063.   * eax = 0 - success; otherwise file system error code
  4064.   * some subfunctions return value in other registers too
  4065. General format of the information structure:
  4066.   * +0: dword: subfunction number
  4067.   * +4: dword: file offset
  4068.   * +8: dword: high dword of offset (must be 0) or flags field
  4069.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: size
  4070.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to data
  4071.   * +20 = +0x14: n db: ASCIIZ-string with the filename
  4072.     or
  4073.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4074.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with the filename
  4075. Specifications - in documentation on the appropriate subfunction.
  4076. Filename is case-insensitive. Russian letters must be written in
  4077. the encoding cp866 (DOS).
  4078. Format of filename:
  4079. /base/number/dir1/dir2/.../dirn/file,
  4080. where /base/number identifies device, on which file is located:
  4081. one of
  4082.   * /RD/1 = /RAMDISK/1 to access ramdisk
  4083.   * /FD/1 = /FLOPPYDISK/1 to access first floppy drive,
  4084.     /FD/2 = /FLOPPYDISK/2 to access second one
  4085.   * /HD0/x, /HD1/x, /HD2/x, /HD3/x to access accordingly to devices
  4086.     IDE0 (Primary Master), IDE1 (Primary Slave),
  4087.     IDE2 (Secondary Master), IDE3 (Secondary Slave);
  4088.     x - partition number on the selected hard drive, varies from 1
  4089.     to 255 (on each hard drive the indexing starts from 1)
  4090.   * /CD0/1, /CD1/1, /CD2/1, /CD3/1 to access accordingly to
  4091.     CD on IDE0 (Primary Master), IDE1 (Primary Slave),
  4092.     IDE2 (Secondary Master), IDE3 (Secondary Slave)
  4093. Examples:
  4094.   * '/rd/1/kernel.asm',0
  4095.   * '/HD0/1/kernel.asm',0
  4096.   * '/hd0/2/menuet/pics/tanzania.bmp',0
  4097.   * '/hd0/1/Program files/NameOfProgram/SomeFile.SomeExtension',0
  4098. Available subfunctions:
  4099.   * subfunction 0 - read file
  4100.   * subfunction 1 - read folder
  4101.   * subfunction 2 - create/rewrite file
  4102.   * subfunction 3 - write to existing file
  4103.   * subfunction 5 - get attributes of file/folder
  4104.   * subfunction 6 - set attributes of file/folder
  4105.   * subfunction 7 - start application
  4106. For CD-drives due to hardware limitations only subfunctions
  4107. 0,1,5 and 7 are available, other subfunctions return error
  4108. with code 2.
  4109.  
  4110. ======================================================================
  4111. === Function 70, subfunction 0 - read file with long names support. ==
  4112. ======================================================================
  4113. Parameters:
  4114.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4115.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4116. Format of the information structure:
  4117.   * +0: dword: 0 = subfunction number
  4118.   * +4: dword: file offset (in bytes)
  4119.   * +8: dword: 0 (reserved for high dword of offset)
  4120.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: number of bytes to read
  4121.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer for data
  4122.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  4123.     given in the general description
  4124.     or
  4125.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4126.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4127. Returned value:
  4128.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4129.   * ebx = number of read bytes or -1=0xffffffff if file was not found
  4130. Remarks:
  4131.   * If file was ended before last requested block was read,
  4132.     the function will read as many as it can, and after that return
  4133.     eax=6 (EOF).
  4134.   * The function does not allow to read folder (returns eax=10,
  4135.     access denied).
  4136.  
  4137. ======================================================================
  4138. == Function 70, subfunction 1 - read folder with long names support. =
  4139. ======================================================================
  4140. Parameters:
  4141.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4142.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4143. Format of the information structure:
  4144.   * +0: dword: 1 = subfunction number
  4145.   * +4: dword: index of starting block (beginning from 0)
  4146.   * +8: dword: flags field:
  4147.     * bit 0 (mask 1): in what format to return names,
  4148.       0=ANSI, 1=UNICODE
  4149.     * other bits are reserved and must be set to 0 for the future
  4150.       compatibility
  4151.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: number of blocks to read
  4152.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer for data, buffer size
  4153.     must be not less than 32 + [+12]*560 bytes
  4154.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of folder, the rules of names forming are
  4155.     given in the general description
  4156.     or
  4157.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4158.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4159. Returned value:
  4160.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4161.   * ebx = number of files, information on which was written to
  4162.     the buffer, or -1=0xffffffff, if folder was not found
  4163. Structure of the buffer:
  4164.   * +0: 32*byte: header
  4165.   * +32 = +0x20: n1*byte: block with information on file 1
  4166.   * +32+n1: n2*byte: block with information on file 2
  4167.   * ...
  4168. Structure of header:
  4169.   * +0: dword: version of structure (current is 1)
  4170.   * +4: dword: number of placed blocks; is not greater than requested
  4171.     in the field +12 of information structure; can be less, if
  4172.     there are no more files in folder (the same as in ebx)
  4173.   * +8: dword: total number of files in folder
  4174.   * +12 = +0xC: 20*byte: reserved (zeroed)
  4175. Structure of block of data for folder entry (BDFE):
  4176.   * +0: dword: attributes of file:
  4177.     * bit 0 (mask 1): file is read-only
  4178.     * bit 1 (mask 2): file is hidden
  4179.     * bit 2 (mask 4): file is system
  4180.     * bit 3 (mask 8): this is not a file but volume label
  4181.       (for one partition meets no more than once and
  4182.       only in root folder)
  4183.     * bit 4 (mask 0x10): this is a folder
  4184.     * bit 5 (mask 0x20): file was not archived - many archivation
  4185.       programs have an option to archive only files with this bit set,
  4186.       and after archiving this bit is cleared - it can be useful
  4187.       for automatically creating of backup-archives as at writing
  4188.       this bit is usually set
  4189.   * +4: byte: type of name data:
  4190.     (coincides with bit 0 of flags in the information structure)
  4191.     * 0 = ASCII = 1-byte representation of each character
  4192.     * 1 = UNICODE = 2-byte representation of each character
  4193.   * +5: 3*byte: reserved (zero)
  4194.   * +8: 4*byte: time of file creation
  4195.   * +12 = +0xC: 4*byte: date of file creation
  4196.   * +16 = +0x10: 4*byte: time of last access (read or write)
  4197.   * +20 = +0x14: 4*byte: date of last access
  4198.   * +24 = +0x18: 4*byte: time of last modification
  4199.   * +28 = +0x1C: 4*byte: date of last modification
  4200.   * +32 = +0x20: qword: file size in bytes (up to 16777216 Tb)
  4201.   * +40 = +0x28: name
  4202.     * for ASCII format: maximum length is 263 characters
  4203.       (263 bytes), byte after the name has value 0
  4204.     * äëÿ ôîðìàòà UNICODE: maximum length is 259 characters
  4205.       (518 bytes), 2 bytes after the name have value 0
  4206. Time format:
  4207.   * +0: byte: seconds
  4208.   * +1: byte: minutes
  4209.   * +2: byte: hours
  4210.   * +3: byte: reserved (0)
  4211.   * for example, 23.59.59 is written as (in hex) 3B 3B 17 00
  4212. Date format:
  4213.   * +0: byte: day
  4214.   * +1: byte: month
  4215.   * +2: word: year
  4216.   * for example, 25.11.1979 is written as (in hex) 19 0B BB 07
  4217. Remarks:
  4218.   * If BDFE contains ASCII name, the length of BDFE is 304 bytes,
  4219.     if UNICODE name - 560 bytes. Value of length is aligned
  4220.     on 16-byte bound (to accelerate processing in CPU cache).
  4221.   * First character after a name is zero (ASCIIZ-string). The further
  4222.     data contain garbage.
  4223.   * If files in folder were ended before requested number was read,
  4224.     the function will read as many as it can, and after that return
  4225.     eax=6 (EOF).
  4226.   * Any folder on the disk, except for root, contains two special
  4227.     entries "." and "..", identifying accordingly the folder itself
  4228.     and the parent folder.
  4229.   * The function allows also to read virtual folders "/", "/rd",
  4230.     "/fd", "/hd[n]", thus attributes of subfolders are set to 0x10,
  4231.     and times and dates are zeroed. An alternative way to get the
  4232.     equipment information - subfunction 11 of function 18.
  4233.  
  4234. ======================================================================
  4235. ===================== Function 70, subfunction 2 =====================
  4236. ============ Create/rewrite file with long names support. ============
  4237. ======================================================================
  4238. Parameters:
  4239.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4240.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4241. Format of the information structure:
  4242.   * +0: dword: 2 = subfunction number
  4243.   * +4: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4244.   * +8: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4245.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: number of bytes to read
  4246.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to data
  4247.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  4248.     given in the general description
  4249.     or
  4250.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4251.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4252. Returned value:
  4253.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4254.   * ebx = number of written bytes (possibly 0)
  4255. Remarks:
  4256.   * If a file with given name did not exist, it is created;
  4257.     if it existed, it is rewritten.
  4258.   * If there is not enough free space on disk, the function will
  4259.     write as many as can and then return error code 8.
  4260.   * The function is not supported for CD (returns error code 2).
  4261.  
  4262. ======================================================================
  4263. ===================== Function 70, subfunction 3 =====================
  4264. =========== Write to existing file with long names support. ==========
  4265. ======================================================================
  4266. Parameters:
  4267.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4268.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4269. Format of the information structure:
  4270.   * +0: dword: 3 = subfunction number
  4271.   * +4: dword: file offset (in bytes)
  4272.   * +8: dword: high dword of offset (must be 0 for FAT)
  4273.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: number of bytes to write
  4274.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to data
  4275.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  4276.     given in the general description
  4277.     or
  4278.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4279.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4280. Returned value:
  4281.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4282.   * ebx = number of written bytes (possibly 0)
  4283. Remarks:
  4284.   * The file must already exist, otherwise function returns eax=5.
  4285.   * The only result of write 0 bytes is update in the file attributes
  4286.     date/time of modification and access to the current date/time.
  4287.   * If beginning and/or ending position is greater than file size
  4288.     (except for the previous case), the file is expanded to needed
  4289.     size with zero characters.
  4290.  
  4291. ======================================================================
  4292. ==== Function 70, subfunction 5 - get information on file/folder. ====
  4293. ======================================================================
  4294. Parameters:
  4295.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4296.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4297. Format of the information structure:
  4298.   * +0: dword: 5 = subfunction number
  4299.   * +4: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4300.   * +8: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4301.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4302.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer for data (40 bytes)
  4303.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  4304.     given in the general description
  4305.     or
  4306.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4307.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4308. Returned value:
  4309.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4310.   * ebx destroyed
  4311. Information on file is returned in the BDFE format (block of data
  4312. for folder entry), explained in the description of
  4313. subfunction 1, but without filename
  4314. (i.e. only first 40 = 0x28 bytes).
  4315. Remarks:
  4316.   * The function does not support virtual folders such as /, /rd and
  4317.     root folders like /rd/1.
  4318.  
  4319. ======================================================================
  4320. ===== Function 70, subfunction 6 - set attributes of file/folder. ====
  4321. ======================================================================
  4322. Parameters:
  4323.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4324.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4325. Format of the information structure:
  4326.   * +0: dword: 6 = subfunction number
  4327.   * +4: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4328.   * +8: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4329.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4330.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer with attributes (32 bytes)
  4331.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  4332.     given in the general description
  4333.     or
  4334.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4335.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4336. Returned value:
  4337.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4338.   * ebx destroyed
  4339. File attributes are first 32 bytes in BDFE (block of data
  4340. for folder entry), explained in the description of subfunction 1
  4341. (that is, without name and size of file). Attribute
  4342. file/folder/volume label (bits 3,4 in dword +0) is not changed.
  4343. Byte +4 (name format) is ignored.
  4344. Remarks:
  4345.   * The function does not support virtual folders such as /, /rd and
  4346.     root folders like /rd/1.
  4347.   * The function is not supported for CD (returns error code 2).
  4348.  
  4349. ======================================================================
  4350. =========== Function 70, subfunction 7 - start application. ==========
  4351. ======================================================================
  4352. Parameters:
  4353.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4354.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4355. Format of the information structure:
  4356.   * +0: dword: 7 = subfunction number
  4357.   * +4: dword: flags field:
  4358.     * áèò 0: start process as debugged
  4359.     * other bits are reserved and must be set to 0
  4360.   * +8: dword: 0 or pointer to ASCIIZ-string with parameters
  4361.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4362.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4363.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  4364.     given in the general description
  4365.     or
  4366.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4367.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4368. Returned value:
  4369.   * eax > 0 - program is loaded, eax contains PID
  4370.   * eax < 0 - an error has occured, -eax contains
  4371.     file system error code
  4372.   * ebx destroyed
  4373. Remarks:
  4374.   * Command line must be terminated by the character with the code 0
  4375.     (ASCIIZ-string); function takes into account either all characters
  4376.     up to terminating zero inclusively or first 256 character
  4377.     regarding what is less.
  4378.   * If the process is started as debugged, it is created in
  4379.     the suspended state; to run use subfunction 5 of function 69.
  4380.  
  4381. ======================================================================
  4382. ========== Function 71, subfunction 1 - set window caption. ==========
  4383. ======================================================================
  4384. Parameters:
  4385.   * eax = 71 - function number
  4386.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  4387.   * ecx = pointer to caption string
  4388. Returned value:
  4389.   * function does not return value
  4390. Remarks:
  4391.   * String must be in the ASCIIZ-format. Disregarding real string
  4392.     length, no more than 255 characters are drawn.
  4393.   * Pass NULL in ecx to remove caption.
  4394.  
  4395. ======================================================================
  4396. =============== Function -1 - terminate thread/process ===============
  4397. ======================================================================
  4398. Parameters:
  4399.   * eax = -1 - function number
  4400. Returned value:
  4401.   * function does not return neither value nor control
  4402. Remarks:
  4403.   * If the process did not create threads obviously, it has only
  4404.     one thread, which termination results in process termination.
  4405.   * If the current thread is last in the process, its termination
  4406.     also results in process terminates.
  4407.   * This function terminates the current thread. Other thread can be
  4408.     killed by call to subfunction 2 of function 18.
  4409.  
  4410. ======================================================================
  4411. =========================== List of events ===========================
  4412. ======================================================================
  4413. Next event can be retrieved by the call of one from functions 10
  4414. (to wait for event), 11 (to check without waiting), 23
  4415. (to wait during the given time).
  4416. These functions return only those events, which enter into a mask set
  4417. by function 40. By default it is first three,
  4418. there is enough for most applications.
  4419. Codes of events:
  4420.   * 1 = redraw event (is reset by call to function 0)
  4421.   * 2 = key on keyboard is pressed (acts, only when the window is
  4422.     active) or hotkey is pressed; is reset, when all keys from
  4423.     the buffer are read out by function 2
  4424.   * 3 = button is pressed, defined earlier by function 8
  4425.     (or close button, created implicitly by function 0;
  4426.     minimize button is handled by the system and sends no message;
  4427.     acts, only when the window is active;
  4428.     is reset when all buttons from the buffer
  4429.     are read out by function 17)
  4430.   * 4 = reserved (in current implementation never comes even after
  4431.     unmasking by function 40)
  4432.   * 5 = the desktop background is redrawed (is reset automatically
  4433.     after redraw, so if in redraw time program does not wait and
  4434.     does not check events, it will not remark this event)
  4435.   * 6 = mouse event (something happened - button pressing or moving;
  4436.     is reset at reading)
  4437.   * 7 = IPC event (see function 60 -
  4438.     Inter Process Communication; is reset at reading)
  4439.   * 8 = network event (is reset at reading)
  4440.   * 9 = debug event (is reset at reading; see
  4441.     debug subsystem)
  4442.   * 16..31 = event with appropriate IRQ
  4443.     (16=IRQ0, 31=IRQ15) (is reset after reading all IRQ data)
  4444.  
  4445. ======================================================================
  4446. =================== Error codes of the file system ===================
  4447. ======================================================================
  4448.   * 0 = success
  4449.   * 1 = base and/or partition of a hard disk is not defined
  4450.     (by subfunctions 7, 8 of function 21)
  4451.   * 2 = function is not supported for the given file system
  4452.   * 3 = unknown file system
  4453.   * 4 = is returned only from function 'rename' by transmission of
  4454.     the strongly incorrect parameter and in any way does not
  4455.     correspond to the description in the kernel sources
  4456.     "partition not defined at hd"
  4457.   * 5 = file not found
  4458.   * 6 = end of file, EOF
  4459.   * 7 = pointer lies outside of application memory
  4460.   * 8 = disk is full
  4461.   * 9 = FAT table is destroyed
  4462.   * 10 = access denied
  4463.   * 11 = device error
  4464. Application start functions can return also following errors:
  4465.   * 30 = 0x1E = not enough memory
  4466.   * 31 = 0x1F = file is not executable
  4467.   * 32 = 0x20 = too many processes
  4468.