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  1. ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
  2. ;;                                                              ;;
  3. ;; Copyright (C) KolibriOS team 2004-2012. All rights reserved. ;;
  4. ;; Distributed under terms of the GNU General Public License    ;;
  5. ;;                                                              ;;
  6. ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
  7.  
  8. SYSTEM FUNCTIONS of OS Kolibri 0.7.7.0
  9.  
  10. Number of the function is located in the register eax.
  11. The call of the system function is executed by "int 0x40" command.
  12. All registers except explicitly declared in the returned value,
  13.     including eflags, are preserved.
  14.  
  15.  
  16. ======================================================================
  17. ============== Function 0 - define and draw the window. ==============
  18. ======================================================================
  19. Defines an application window. Draws a frame of the window, header and
  20. working area. For skinned windows defines standard close and minimize
  21. buttons.
  22. Parameters:
  23.   * eax = 0 - function number
  24.   * ebx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [size on axis x]
  25.   * ecx = [coordinate on axis y]*65536 + [size on axis y]
  26.   * edx = 0xXYRRGGBB, where:
  27.     * Y = style of the window:
  28.       * Y=0 - type I - fixed-size window
  29.       * Y=1 - only define window area, draw nothing
  30.       * Y=2 - type II - variable-size window
  31.       * Y=3 - skinned window
  32.       * Y=4 - skinned fixed-size window
  33.       * other possible values (from 5 up to 15) are reserved,
  34.         function call with such Y is ignored
  35.     * RR, GG, BB = accordingly red, green, blue components of a color
  36.       of the working area of the window (are ignored for style Y=2)
  37.     * X = DCBA (bits)
  38.       * A = 1 - window has caption; for styles Y=3,4 caption string
  39.                   must be passed in edi, for other styles use
  40.                   subfunction 1 of function 71
  41.       * B = 1 - coordinates of all graphics primitives are relative to
  42.                   window client area
  43.       * C = 1 - don't fill working area on window draw
  44.       * D = 0 - normal filling of the working area, 1 - gradient
  45.     The following parameters are intended for windows
  46.     of a type I and II, and ignored for styles Y=1,3:
  47.   * esi = 0xXYRRGGBB - color of the header
  48.     * RR, GG, BB define color
  49.     * Y=0 - usual window, Y=1 - unmovable window
  50.     * X defines a gradient of header: X=0 - no gradient,
  51.       X=8 - usual gradient,
  52.       for windows of a type II X=4 - negative gradient
  53.     * other values of X and Y are reserved
  54.   * edi = 0x00RRGGBB - color of the frame
  55. Returned value:
  56.   * function does not return value
  57. Remarks:
  58.   * Position and sizes of the window are installed by the first
  59.     call of this function and are ignored at subsequent; to change
  60.     position and/or sizes of already created window use function 67.
  61.   * For windows with styles Y=3,4 and caption (A=1) caption string
  62.     is set by the first call of this function and is ignored
  63.     at subsequent (strictly speaking, is ignored after a call to
  64.     subfunction 2 of function 12 - end redraw); to change caption of
  65.     already created window use subfunction 1 of function 71.
  66.   * If the window has appropriate styles, position and/or sizes can be
  67.     changed by user. Current position and sizes can be obtained
  68.     by function 9.
  69.   * The window must fit on the screen. If the transferred
  70.     coordinates and sizes do not satisfy to this condition,
  71.     appropriate coordinate (or, probably, both) is considered as zero,
  72.     and if it does not help too, the appropriate size
  73.     (or, probably, both) is installed in a size of the screen.
  74.  
  75.     Further let us designate xpos,ypos,xsize,ysize - values passed
  76.     in ebx,ecx. The coordinates are resulted concerning
  77.     the left upper corner of the window, which, thus, is set as (0,0),
  78.     coordinates of the right lower corner essence (xsize,ysize).
  79.   * The sizes of the window are understood in sence of coordinates
  80.     of the right lower corner. This concerns all other functions too.
  81.     It means, that the real sizes are on 1 pixel more.
  82.   * The window of type I looks as follows:
  83.     * draw external frame of color indicated in edi, 1 pixel in width
  84.     * draw header - rectangle with the left upper corner (1,1) and
  85.       right lower (xsize-1,min(25,ysize)) color indicated in esi
  86.       (taking a gradient into account)
  87.     * if ysize>=26, fill the working area of the window -
  88.       rectangle with the left upper corner (1,21) and right lower
  89.       (xsize-1,ysize-1) (sizes (xsize-1)*(ysize-21)) with color
  90.       indicated in edx (taking a gradient into account)
  91.     * if A=1 and caption has been already set by subfunction 1
  92.       of function 71, it is drawn in the corresponding place of header
  93.   * The window of style Y=1 looks as follows:
  94.     * completely defined by the application
  95.   * The window of type II looks as follows:
  96.     * draw external frame of width 1 pixel with the "shaded" color
  97.       edi (all components of the color decrease twice)
  98.     * draw intermediate frame of width 3 pixels with color edi
  99.     * draw internal frame of width 1 pixel with the "shaded" color edi
  100.     * draw header - rectangle with the left upper corner (4,4)
  101.       and right lower (xsize-4,min(20,ysize)) color, indicated in esi
  102.       (taking a gradient into account)
  103.     * if ysize>=26, fill the working area of the window -
  104.       rectangle with the left upper corner (5,20) and right lower
  105.       (xsize-5,ysize-5) with color indicated in edx
  106.       (taking a gradient into account)
  107.     * if A=1 and caption has been already set by subfunction 1
  108.       of function 71, it is drawn in the corresponding place of header
  109.   * The skinned window looks as follows:
  110.     * draw external frame of width 1 pixel
  111.       with color 'outer' from the skin
  112.     * draw intermediate frame of width 3 pixel
  113.       with color 'frame' from the skin
  114.     * draw internal frame of width 1 pixel
  115.       with color 'inner' from the skin
  116.     * draw header (on bitmaps from the skin) in a rectangle
  117.       (0,0) - (xsize,_skinh-1)
  118.     * if ysize>=26, fill the working area of the window -
  119.       rectangle with the left upper corner (5,_skinh) and right lower
  120.       (xsize-5,ysize-5) with color indicated in edx
  121.       (taking a gradient into account)
  122.     * define two standard buttons: close and minimize
  123.       (see function 8)
  124.     * if A=1 and edi contains (nonzero) pointer to caption string,
  125.       it is drawn in place in header defined in the skin
  126.     * value _skinh is accessible as the result of call
  127.       subfunction 4 of function 48
  128.  
  129. ======================================================================
  130. ================ Function 1 - put pixel in the window. ===============
  131. ======================================================================
  132. Parameters:
  133.   * eax = 1 - function number
  134.   * ebx = x-coordinate (relative to the window)
  135.   * ecx = y-coordinate (relative to the window)
  136.   * edx = 0x00RRGGBB - color of a pixel
  137.     edx = 0x01xxxxxx - invert color of a pixel
  138.           (low 24 bits are ignored)
  139. Returned value:
  140.   * function does not return value
  141.  
  142. ======================================================================
  143. ============ Function 2 - get the code of the pressed key. ===========
  144. ======================================================================
  145. Takes away the code of the pressed key from the buffer.
  146. Parameters:
  147.   * eax = 2 - function number
  148. Returned value:
  149.   * if the buffer is empty, function returns eax=1
  150.   * if the buffer is not empty, function returns al=0,
  151.     ah=code of the pressed key, high word of eax is zero
  152.   * if there is "hotkey", function returns al=2,
  153.     ah=scancode of the pressed key (0 for control keys),
  154.     high word of eax contains a status of control keys at the moment
  155.     of pressing a hotkey
  156. Remarks:
  157.   * There is a common system buffer of the pressed keys
  158.     by a size of 120 bytes, organized as queue.
  159.   * There is one more common system buffer on 120 "hotkeys".
  160.   * If the application with the inactive window calls this function,
  161.     the buffer of the pressed keys is considered to be empty.
  162.   * By default this function returns ASCII-codes; to switch
  163.     to the scancodes mode (and back) use function 66.
  164.     However, hotkeys are always notificated as scancodes.
  165.   * To find out, what keys correspond to what codes, start
  166.     the application keyascii and scancode.
  167.   * Scancodes come directly from keyboard and are fixed;
  168.     ASCII-codes turn out with usage of the conversion tables,
  169.     which can be set by subfunction 2 of function 21
  170.     and get by subfunction 2 of function 26.
  171.   * As a consequence, ASCII-codes take into account current
  172.     keyboard layout (rus/en) as opposed to scancodes.
  173.   * This function notifies only about those hotkeys, which were
  174.     defined by this thread by subfunction 4 of function 66.
  175.  
  176. ======================================================================
  177. ==================== Function 3 - get system time. ===================
  178. ======================================================================
  179. Parameters:
  180.   * eax = 3 - function number
  181. Returned value:
  182.   * eax = 0x00SSMMHH, where HH:MM:SS = Hours:Minutes:Seconds
  183.   * each item is BCD-number, for example,
  184.     for time 23:59:59 function returns 0x00595923
  185. Remarks:
  186.   * See also subfunction 9 of function 26 - get time from
  187.     the moment of start of the system; it is more convenient, because
  188.     returns simply DWORD-value of the time counter.
  189.   * System time can be set by function 22.
  190.  
  191. ======================================================================
  192. ============ Function 4 - draw text string in the window. ============
  193. ======================================================================
  194. Parameters:
  195.   * eax = 4 - function number
  196.   * ebx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [coordinate on axis y]
  197.   * ecx = 0xX0RRGGBB, where
  198.     * RR, GG, BB specify text color
  199.     * X=ABnn (bits):
  200.     * nn specifies the used font: 0=system monospaced,
  201.       1=system font of variable width
  202.     * A=0 - output esi characters, A=1 - output ASCIIZ-string
  203.     * B=1 - fill background with the color edi
  204.   * edx = pointer to the beginning of the string
  205.   * esi = for A=0 length of the string, must not exceed 255;
  206.           for A=1 is ignored
  207. Returned value:
  208.   * function does not return value
  209. Remarks:
  210.   * First system font is read out at loading from the file char.mt,
  211.     second - from char2.mt.
  212.   * Both fonts have height 9 pixels, width of the monospaced font
  213.     is equal to 6 pixels.
  214.  
  215. ======================================================================
  216. ========================= Function 5 - delay. ========================
  217. ======================================================================
  218. Delays execution of the program on the given time.
  219. Parameters:
  220.   * eax = 5 - function number
  221.   * ebx = time in the 1/100 of second
  222. Returned value:
  223.   * function does not return value
  224. Remarks:
  225.   * Passing ebx=0 does not transfer control to the next process
  226.     and does not make any operations at all. If it is really required
  227.     to transfer control to the next process (to complete a current
  228.     time slice), use subfunction 1 of function 68.
  229.  
  230. ======================================================================
  231. ============== Function 6 - read the file from ramdisk. ==============
  232. ======================================================================
  233. Parameters:
  234.   * eax = 6 - function number
  235.   * ebx = pointer to the filename
  236.   * ecx = number of start block, beginning from 1;
  237.     ecx=0 - read from the beginning of the file (same as ecx=1)
  238.   * edx = number of blocks to read;
  239.     edx=0 - read one block (same as edx=1)
  240.   * esi = pointer to memory area for the data
  241. Returned value:
  242.   * eax = file size in bytes, if the file was successfully read
  243.   * eax = -1, if the file was not found
  244. Remarks:
  245.   * This function is out-of-date; function 70 allows
  246.     to fulfil the same operations with the extended possibilities.
  247.   * Block = 512 bytes.
  248.   * For reading all file you can specify the certainly large value
  249.     in edx, for example, edx = -1; but in this case be ready that
  250.     the program will "fall", if the file will appear too large and can
  251.     not be placed in the program memory.
  252.   * The filename must be either in the format 8+3 characters
  253.     (first 8 characters - name itself, last 3 - extension,
  254.     the short names and extensions are supplemented with spaces),
  255.     or in the format 8.3 characters "FILE.EXT"/"FILE.EX "
  256.     (name no more than 8 characters, dot, extension 3 characters
  257.     supplemented if necessary by spaces).
  258.     The filename must be written with capital letters. The terminating
  259.     character with code 0 is not necessary (not ASCIIZ-string).
  260.   * This function does not support folders on the ramdisk.
  261.  
  262. ======================================================================
  263. =============== Function 7 - draw image in the window. ===============
  264. ======================================================================
  265. Paramters:
  266.   * eax = 7 - function number
  267.   * ebx = pointer to the image in the format BBGGRRBBGGRR...
  268.   * ecx = [size on axis x]*65536 + [size on axis y]
  269.   * edx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [coordinate on axis y]
  270. Returned value:
  271.   * function does not return value
  272. Remarks:
  273.   * Coordinates of the image are coordinates of the upper left corner
  274.     of the image relative to the window.
  275.   * Size of the image in bytes is 3*xsize*ysize.
  276.  
  277. ======================================================================
  278. =============== Function 8 - define/delete the button. ===============
  279. ======================================================================
  280. Parameters for button definition:
  281.   * eax = 8 - function number
  282.   * ebx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [size on axis x]
  283.   * ecx = [coordinate on axis y]*65536 + [size on axis y]
  284.   * edx = 0xXYnnnnnn, where:
  285.     * nnnnnn = identifier of the button
  286.     * high (31st) bit of edx is cleared
  287.     * if 30th bit of edx is set - do not draw the button
  288.     * if 29th bit of edx is set - do not draw a frame
  289.       at pressing the button
  290.   * esi = 0x00RRGGBB - color of the button
  291. Parameters for button deleting:
  292.   * eax = 8 - function number
  293.   * edx = 0x80nnnnnn, where nnnnnn - identifier of the button
  294. Returned value:
  295.   * function does not return value
  296. Remarks:
  297.   * Sizes of the button must be more than 0 and less than 0x8000.
  298.   * For skinned windows definition of the window
  299.     (call of 0th function) creates two standard buttons -
  300.     for close of the window with identifier 1 and
  301.     for minimize of the window with identifier 0xffff.
  302.   * The creation of two buttons with same identifiers is admitted.
  303.   * The button with the identifier 0xffff at pressing is interpreted
  304.     by the system as the button of minimization, the system handles
  305.     such pressing independently, not accessing to the application.
  306.     In rest it is usual button.
  307.   * Total number of buttons for all applications is limited to 4095.
  308.  
  309. ======================================================================
  310. ============ Function 9 - information on execution thread. ===========
  311. ======================================================================
  312. Parameters:
  313.   * eax = 9 - function number
  314.   * ebx = pointer to 1-Kb buffer
  315.   * ecx = number of the slot of the thread
  316.     ecx = -1 - get information on the current thread
  317. Returned value:
  318.   * eax = maximum number of the slot of a thread
  319.   * buffer pointed to by ebx contains the following information:
  320.     * +0: dword: usage of the processor (how many time units
  321.       per second leaves on execution of this thread)
  322.     * +4: word: position of the window of thread in the window stack
  323.     * +6: word: (has no relation to the specified thread)
  324.       number of the thread slot, which window has in the window stack
  325.       position ecx
  326.     * +8: word: reserved
  327.     * +10 = +0xA: 11 bytes: name of the process
  328.       (name of corresponding executable file in the format 8+3)
  329.     * +21 = +0x15: byte: reserved, this byte is not changed
  330.     * +22 = +0x16: dword: address of the process in memory
  331.     * +26 = +0x1A: dword: size of used memory - 1
  332.     * +30 = +0x1E: dword: identifier (PID/TID)
  333.     * +34 = +0x22: dword: coordinate of the thread window on axis x
  334.     * +38 = +0x26: dword: coordinate of the thread window on axis y
  335.     * +42 = +0x2A: dword: size of the thread window on axis x
  336.     * +46 = +0x2E: dword: size of the thread window on axis y
  337.     * +50 = +0x32: word: status of the thread slot:
  338.       * 0 = thread is running
  339.       * 1 = thread is suspended
  340.       * 2 = thread is suspended while waiting for event
  341.       * 3 = thread is terminating as a result of call to function -1
  342.         or under duress as a result of call to subfunction 2
  343.         of function 18 or termination of the system
  344.       * 4 = thread is terminating as a result of exception
  345.       * 5 = thread waits for event
  346.       * 9 = requested slot is free, all other information on the slot
  347.         is not meaningful
  348.     * +52 = +0x34: word: reserved, this word is not changed
  349.     * +54 = +0x36: dword: coordinate of the client area on axis x
  350.     * +58 = +0x3A: dword: coordinate of the client area on axis y
  351.     * +62 = +0x3E: dword: width of the client area
  352.     * +66 = +0x42: dword: height of the client area
  353.     * +70 = +0x46: byte: state of the window - bitfield
  354.       * bit 0 (mask 1): window is maximized
  355.       * bit 1 (mask 2): window is minimized to panel
  356.       * bit 2 (mask 4): window is rolled up
  357.     * +71 = +0x47: dword: event mask
  358. Remarks:
  359.   * Slots are numbered starting from 1.
  360.   * Returned value is not a total number of threads, because there
  361.     can be free slots.
  362.   * When process is starting, system automatically creates
  363.     execution thread.
  364.   * Function gives information on the thread. Each process has
  365.     at least one thread. One process can create many threads,
  366.     in this case each thread has its own slot and the fields
  367.     +10, +22, +26 in these slots coincide.
  368.     Applications have no common way to define whether two threads
  369.     belong to one process.
  370.   * The active window - window on top of the window stack -
  371.     receives the messages on a keyboard input. For such window
  372.     the position in the window stack coincides with returned value.
  373.   * Slot 1 corresponds to special system thread, for which:
  374.     * the window is in the bottom of the window stack, the fields
  375.       +4 and +6 contain value 1
  376.     * name of the process - "OS/IDLE" (supplemented by spaces)
  377.     * address of the process in memory is 0, size of used memory is
  378.       16 Mb (0x1000000)
  379.     * PID=1
  380.     * coordinates and sizes of the window and the client area are by
  381.       convention set to 0
  382.     * status of the slot is always 0 (running)
  383.     * the execution time adds of time leaving on operations itself
  384.       and idle time in waiting for interrupt (which can be got by call
  385.       to subfunction 4 of function 18).
  386.   * Beginning from slot 2, the normal applications are placed.
  387.   * The normal applications are placed in memory at the address
  388.     0 (kernel constant 'std_application_base_address').
  389.     There is no intersection, as each process has its own page table.
  390.   * At creation of the thread it is assigned the slot
  391.     in the system table and identifier (Process/Thread IDentifier =
  392.     PID/TID), which do not vary with time for given thread.
  393.     After completion of the thread its slot can be anew used
  394.     for another thread. The thread identifier can not be assigned
  395.     to other thread even after completion of this thread.
  396.     Identifiers, assigned to new threads, grow monotonously.
  397.   * If the thread has not yet defined the window by call to
  398.     function 0, the position and the sizes
  399.     of its window are considered to be zero.
  400.   * Coordinates of the client area are relative to the window.
  401.   * At the moment only the part of the buffer by a size
  402.     71 = 0x37 bytes is used. Nevertheless it is recommended to use
  403.     1-Kb buffer for the future compatibility, in the future
  404.     some fields can be added.
  405.  
  406. ======================================================================
  407. ==================== Function 10 - wait for event. ===================
  408. ======================================================================
  409. If the message queue is empty, waits for appearance of the message
  410. in queue. In this state thread does not consume CPU time.
  411. Then reads out the message from queue.
  412.  
  413. Parameters:
  414.   * eax = 10 - function number
  415. Returned value:
  416.   * eax = event (see the list of events)
  417. Remarks:
  418.   * Those events are taken into account only which enter into
  419.     a mask set by function 40. By default it is
  420.     redraw, key and button events.
  421.   * To check, whether there is a message in queue, use function 11.
  422.     To wait for no more than given time, use function 23.
  423.  
  424. ======================================================================
  425. =============== Function 11 - check for event, no wait. ==============
  426. ======================================================================
  427. If the message queue contains event, function reads out
  428. and return it. If the queue is empty, function returns 0.
  429. Parameters:
  430.   * eax = 11 - function number
  431. Returned value:
  432.   * eax = 0 - message queue is empty
  433.   * else eax = event (see the list of events)
  434. Remarks:
  435.   * Those events are taken into account only, which enter into
  436.     a mask set by function 40. By default it is
  437.     redraw, key and button events.
  438.   * To wait for event, use function 10.
  439.     To wait for no more than given time, use function 23.
  440.  
  441. ======================================================================
  442. =============== Function 12 - begin/end window redraw. ===============
  443. ======================================================================
  444.  
  445. ---------------- Subfunction 1 - begin window redraw. ----------------
  446. Parameters:
  447.   * eax = 12 - function number
  448.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  449. Returned value:
  450.   * function does not return value
  451.  
  452. ----------------- Subfunction 2 - end window redraw. -----------------
  453. Parameters:
  454.   * eax = 12 - function number
  455.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  456. Returned value:
  457.   * function does not return value
  458. Remarks:
  459.   * Subfunction 1 deletes all buttons defined with
  460.     function 8, they must be defined again.
  461.  
  462. ======================================================================
  463. ============ Function 13 - draw a rectangle in the window. ===========
  464. ======================================================================
  465. Parameters:
  466.   * eax = 13 - function number
  467.   * ebx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [size on axis x]
  468.   * ecx = [coordinate on axis y]*65536 + [size on axis y]
  469.   * edx = color 0xRRGGBB or 0x80RRGGBB for gradient fill
  470. Returned value:
  471.   * function does not return value
  472. Remarks:
  473.   * Coordinates are understood as coordinates of the left upper corner
  474.     of a rectangle relative to the window.
  475.  
  476. ======================================================================
  477. =================== Function 14 - get screen size. ===================
  478. ======================================================================
  479. Parameters:
  480.   * eax = 14 - function number
  481. Returned value:
  482.   * eax = [xsize]*65536 + [ysize], where
  483.   * xsize = x-coordinate of the right lower corner of the screen =
  484.             horizontal size - 1
  485.   * ysize = y-coordinate of the right lower corner of the screen =
  486.             vertical size - 1
  487. Remarks:
  488.   * See also subfunction 5 of function 48 - get sizes of
  489.     working area of the screen.
  490.  
  491. ======================================================================
  492. == Function 15, subfunction 1 - set a size of the background image. ==
  493. ======================================================================
  494. Parameters:
  495.   * eax = 15 - function number
  496.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  497.   * ecx = width of the image
  498.   * edx = height of the image
  499. Returned value:
  500.   * function does not return value
  501. Remarks:
  502.   * Before calling subfunctions 2 and 5 you should call this function
  503.     to set image size!
  504.   * For update of the screen (after completion of a series of commands
  505.     working with a background) call subfunction 3.
  506.   * There is a pair function for get size of the background image -
  507.     subfunction 1 of function 39.
  508.  
  509. ======================================================================
  510. === Function 15, subfunction 2 - put pixel on the background image. ==
  511. ======================================================================
  512. Parameters:
  513.   * eax = 15 - function number
  514.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  515.   * ecx = offset
  516.   * edx = color of a pixel 0xRRGGBB
  517. Returned value:
  518.   * function does not return value
  519. Remarks:
  520.   * Offset for a pixel with coordinates (x,y) is calculated as
  521.     (x+y*xsize)*3.
  522.   * If the given offset exceeds size set by subfunction 1,
  523.     the call is ignored.
  524.   * For update of the screen (after completion of a series of commands
  525.     working with a background) call subfunction 3.
  526.   * There is a pair function for get pixel on the background image -
  527.     subfunction 2 of function 39.
  528.  
  529. ======================================================================
  530. =========== Function 15, subfunction 3 - redraw background. ==========
  531. ======================================================================
  532. Parameters:
  533.   * eax = 15 - function number
  534.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  535. Returned value:
  536.   * function does not return value
  537.  
  538. ======================================================================
  539. == Function 15, subfunction 4 - set drawing mode for the background. =
  540. ======================================================================
  541. Parameters:
  542.   * eax = 15 - function number
  543.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  544.   * ecx = drawing mode:
  545.     * 1 = tile
  546.     * 2 = stretch
  547. Returned value:
  548.   * function does not return value
  549. Remarks:
  550.   * For update of the screen (after completion of a series of commands
  551.     working with a background) call subfunction 3.
  552.   * There is a pair function for get drawing mode of the background -
  553.     subfunction 4 of function 39.
  554.  
  555. ======================================================================
  556. ===================== Function 15, subfunction 5 =====================
  557. ============ Put block of pixels on the background image. ============
  558. ======================================================================
  559. Parameters:
  560.   * eax = 15 - function number
  561.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  562.   * ecx = pointer to the data in the format BBGGRRBBGGRR...
  563.   * edx = offset in data of the background image
  564.   * esi = size of data in bytes = 3 * number of pixels
  565. Returned value:
  566.   * function does not return value
  567. Remarks:
  568.   * Offset and size are not checked for correctness.
  569.   * Color of each pixel is stored as 3-bytes value BBGGRR.
  570.   * Pixels of the background image are written sequentially
  571.     from left to right, from up to down.
  572.   * Offset of pixel with coordinates (x,y) is (x+y*xsize)*3.
  573.   * For update of the screen (after completion of a series of commands
  574.     working with a background) call subfunction 3.
  575.  
  576. ======================================================================
  577. ===================== Function 15, subfunction 6 =====================
  578. ======== Map background data to the address space of process. ========
  579. ======================================================================
  580. Parameters:
  581.   * eax = 15 - function number
  582.   * ebx = 6 - subfunction number
  583. Returned value:
  584.   * eax = pointer to background data, 0 if error
  585. Remarks:
  586.   * Mapped data are available for read and write.
  587.   * Size of background data is 3*xsize*ysize. The system blocks
  588.     changes of background sizes while process works with mapped data.
  589.   * Color of each pixel is stored as 3-bytes value BBGGRR.
  590.   * Pixels of the background image are written sequentially
  591.     from left to right, from up to down.
  592.  
  593. ======================================================================
  594. ===== Function 15, subfunction 7 - close mapped background data. =====
  595. ======================================================================
  596. Parameters:
  597.   * eax = 15 - function number
  598.   * ebx = 7 - subfunction number
  599.   * ecx = pointer to mapped data
  600. Returned value:
  601.   * eax = 1 - success, 0 - error
  602.  
  603. ======================================================================
  604. =============== Function 16 - save ramdisk on a floppy. ==============
  605. ======================================================================
  606. Parameters:
  607.   * eax = 16 - function number
  608.   * ebx = 1 or ebx = 2 - on which floppy save
  609. Returned value:
  610.   * eax = 0 - success
  611.   * eax = 1 - error
  612.  
  613. ======================================================================
  614. ======= Function 17 - get the identifier of the pressed button. ======
  615. ======================================================================
  616. Takes away the code of the pressed button from the buffer.
  617. Parameters:
  618.   * eax = 17 - function number
  619. Returned value:
  620.   * if the buffer is empty, function returns eax=1
  621.   * if the buffer is not empty:
  622.     * high 24 bits of eax contain button identifier (in particular,
  623.       ah contains low byte of the identifier; if all buttons have
  624.       the identifier less than 256, ah is enough to distinguish)
  625.     * al = 0 - the button was pressed with left mouse button
  626.     * al = bit corresponding to used mouse button otherwise
  627. Remarks:
  628.   * "Buffer" keeps only one button, at pressing the new button the
  629.     information about old is lost.
  630.   * The call of this function by an application with inactive window
  631.     will return answer "buffer is empty".
  632.   * Returned value for al corresponds to the state of mouse buttons
  633.     as in subfunction 2 of function 37 at the beginning
  634.     of button press, excluding lower bit, which is cleared.
  635.  
  636. ======================================================================
  637. ===================== Function 18, subfunction 1 =====================
  638. ============= Make deactive the window of the given thread. ==========
  639. ======================================================================
  640. Parameters:
  641.   * eax = 18 - function number
  642.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  643.   * ecx = number of the thread slot
  644. Returned value:
  645.   * function does not return value
  646.  
  647. ======================================================================
  648. = Function 18, subfunction 2 - terminate process/thread by the slot. =
  649. ======================================================================
  650. Parameters:
  651.   * eax = 18 - function number
  652.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  653.   * ecx = number of the slot of process/thread
  654. Returned value:
  655.   * function does not return value
  656. Remarks:
  657.   * It is impossible to terminate system thread OS/IDLE (with
  658.     number of the slot 1),
  659.     it is possible to terminate any normal process/thread.
  660.   * See also subfunction 18 - terminate
  661.     process/thread by the identifier.
  662.  
  663. ======================================================================
  664. ===================== Function 18, subfunction 3 =====================
  665. ============= Make active the window of the given thread. ============
  666. ======================================================================
  667. Parameters:
  668.   * eax = 18 - function number
  669.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  670.   * ecx = number of the thread slot
  671. Returned value:
  672.   * function does not return value
  673. Remarks:
  674.   * If correct, but nonexistent slot is given,
  675.     some window is made active.
  676.   * To find out, which window is active, use subfunction 7.
  677.  
  678. ======================================================================
  679. ===================== Function 18, subfunction 4 =====================
  680. =========== Get counter of idle time units per one second. ===========
  681. ======================================================================
  682. Idle time units are units, in which the processor stands idle
  683. in waiting for interrupt (in the command 'hlt').
  684.  
  685. Parameters:
  686.   * eax = 18 - function number
  687.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  688. Returned value:
  689.   * eax = value of the counter of idle time units per one second
  690.  
  691. ======================================================================
  692. ========== Function 18, subfunction 5 - get CPU clock rate. ==========
  693. ======================================================================
  694. Parameters:
  695.   * eax = 18 - function number
  696.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  697. Returned value:
  698.   * eax = clock rate (modulo 2^32 clock ticks = 4GHz)
  699.  
  700. ======================================================================
  701.  Function 18, subfunction 6 - save ramdisk to the file on hard drive.
  702. ======================================================================
  703. Parameters:
  704.   * eax = 18 - function number
  705.   * ebx = 6 - subfunction number
  706.   * ecx = pointer to the full path to file
  707.     (for example, "/hd0/1/kolibri/kolibri.img")
  708. Returned value:
  709.   * eax = 0 - success
  710.   * else eax = error code of the file system
  711. Remarks:
  712.   * All folders in the given path must exist, otherwise function
  713.     returns value 5, "file not found".
  714.  
  715. ======================================================================
  716. =========== Function 18, subfunction 7 - get active window. ==========
  717. ======================================================================
  718. Parameters:
  719.   * eax = 18 - function number
  720.   * ebx = 7 - subfunction number
  721. Returned value:
  722.   * eax = number of the active window
  723.     (number of the slot of the thread with active window)
  724. Remarks:
  725.   * Active window is at the top of the window stack and receives
  726.     messages on all keyboard input.
  727.   * To make a window active, use subfunction 3.
  728.  
  729. ======================================================================
  730. == Function 18, subfunction 8 - disable/enable the internal speaker. =
  731. ======================================================================
  732. If speaker sound is disabled, all calls to subfunction 55 of
  733. function 55 are ignored. If speaker sound is enabled,
  734. they are routed on builtin speaker.
  735.  
  736. ------------------- Subsubfunction 1 - get status. -------------------
  737. Parameters:
  738.   * eax = 18 - function number
  739.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  740.   * ecx = 1 - number of the subsubfunction
  741. Returned value:
  742.   * eax = 0 - speaker sound is enabled; 1 - disabled
  743.  
  744. ----------------- Subsubfunction 2 - toggle status. ------------------
  745. Toggles states of disable/enable.
  746. Parameters:
  747.   * eax = 18 - function number
  748.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  749.   * ecx = 2 - number of the subsubfunction
  750. Returned value:
  751.   * function does not return value
  752.  
  753. ======================================================================
  754. == Function 18, subfunction 9 - system shutdown with the parameter. ==
  755. ======================================================================
  756. Parameters:
  757.   * eax = 18 - function number
  758.   * ebx = 9 - subfunction number
  759.   * ecx = parameter:
  760.     * 2 = turn off computer
  761.     * 3 = reboot computer
  762.     * 4 = restart the kernel from the file 'kernel.mnt' on ramdisk
  763. Returned value:
  764.   * at incorrect ecx the registers do not change (i.e. eax=18)
  765.   * by correct call function always returns eax=0
  766.     as the tag of success
  767. Remarks:
  768.   * Do not rely on returned value by incorrect call, it can be
  769.     changed in future versions of the kernel.
  770.  
  771. ======================================================================
  772. ===== Function 18, subfunction 10 - minimize application window. =====
  773. ======================================================================
  774. Minimizes the own window.
  775. Parameters:
  776.   * eax = 18 - function number
  777.   * ebx = 10 - subfunction number
  778. Returned value:
  779.   * function does not return value
  780. Remarks:
  781.   * The minimized window from the point of view of function 9
  782.     keeps position and sizes.
  783.   * Restoring of an application window occurs at its activation by
  784.     subfunction 3.
  785.   * Usually there is no necessity to minimize/restire a window
  786.     obviously: minimization of a window is carried out by the system
  787.     at pressing the minimization button (for skinned windows
  788.     it is defined automatically by function 0,
  789.     for other windows it can be defined manually by function 8),
  790.     restore of a window is done by the application '@panel'.
  791.  
  792. ======================================================================
  793.  Function 18, subfunction 11 - get information on the disk subsystem.
  794. ======================================================================
  795. Parameters:
  796.   * eax = 18 - function number
  797.   * ebx = 11 - subfunction number
  798.   * ecx = type of the table:
  799.     * 1 = short version, 10 bytes
  800.     * 2 = full version, 65536 bytes
  801.   * edx = pointer to the buffer (in the application) for the table
  802. Returned value:
  803.   * function does not return value
  804. Format of the table: short version:
  805.   * +0: byte: information about FDD's (drives for floppies),
  806.     AAAABBBB, where AAAA gives type of the first drive, BBBB -
  807.     of the second regarding to the following list:
  808.     * 0 = there is no drive
  809.     * 1 = 360Kb, 5.25''
  810.     * 2 = 1.2Mb, 5.25''
  811.     * 3 = 720Kb, 3.5''
  812.     * 4 = 1.44Mb, 3.5''
  813.     * 5 = 2.88Mb, 3.5'' (such drives are not used anymore)
  814.     For example, for the standard configuration from one 1.44-drive
  815.     here will be 40h, and for the case 1.2Mb on A: and 1.44Mb on B:
  816.     the value is 24h.
  817.   * +1: byte: information about hard disks and CD-drives, AABBCCDD,
  818.     where AA corresponds to the controller IDE0, ..., DD - IDE3:
  819.     * 0 = device is absent
  820.     * 1 = hard drive
  821.     * 2 = CD-drive
  822.     For example, in the case HD on IDE0 and CD on IDE2
  823.     this field contains 48h.
  824.   * +2: 4 db: number of the retrieved partitions on hard disks
  825.     at accordingly IDE0,...,IDE3.
  826.     If the hard disk on IDEx is absent, appropriate byte is zero,
  827.     otherwise it shows number of the recognized partitions, which
  828.     can be not presented (if the drive is not formatted or if
  829.     the file system is not supported). Current version of the kernel
  830.     supports only FAT16, FAT32 and NTFS for hard disks.
  831.   * +6: 4 db: reserved
  832. Format of the table: full version:
  833.   * +0: 10 db: same as for the short version
  834.   * +10: 100 db: data for the first partition
  835.   * +110: 100 db: data for the second partition
  836.   * ...
  837.   * +10+100*(n-1): 100 db: data for the last partition
  838. The partitions are located as follows: at first sequentially all
  839. recoginzed partitions on HD on IDE0 (if present),
  840. then on HD on IDE1 (if present) and so on up to IDE3.
  841. Format of the information about partition
  842. (at moment only FAT is supported):
  843.   * +0: dword: first physical sector of the partition
  844.   * +4: dword: last physical sector of the partition
  845.     (belongs to the partition)
  846.   * +8: byte: file system type:
  847.     16=FAT16, 32=FAT32, 1=NTFS
  848.   * other data are dependent on file system, are modified with
  849.     kernel modifications and therefore are not described
  850. Remarks:
  851.   * The short table can be used for obtaining the information about
  852.     available devices.
  853.  
  854. ======================================================================
  855. ========== Function 18, subfunction 13 - get kernel version. =========
  856. ======================================================================
  857. Parameters:
  858.   * eax = 18 - function number
  859.   * ebx = 13 - subfunction number
  860.   * ecx = pointer to the buffer (not less than 16 bytes), where
  861.     the information will be placed
  862. Returned value:
  863.   * function does not return value
  864. Structure of the buffer:
  865. db a,b,c,d for version a.b.c.d
  866. db 0: reserved
  867. dd REV - kernel SVN revision number
  868. For Kolibri 0.7.7.0+ kernel:
  869. db 0,7,7,0
  870. db 0
  871. dd 1675
  872.  
  873. ======================================================================
  874. ======= Function 18, subfunction 14 - wait for screen retrace. =======
  875. ======================================================================
  876. Waits for the beginning of retrace of the scanning ray of the screen
  877. monitor.
  878. Parameters:
  879.   * eax = 18 - function number
  880.   * ebx = 14 - subfunction number
  881. Returned value:
  882.   * eax = 0 as the tag of success
  883. Remarks:
  884.   * Function is intended only for active high-efficiency graphics
  885.     applications; is used for smooth output of a graphics.
  886.  
  887. ======================================================================
  888. == Function 18, subfunction 15 - center mouse cursor on the screen. ==
  889. ======================================================================
  890. Parameters:
  891.   * eax = 18 - function number
  892.   * ebx = 15 - subfunction number
  893. Returned value:
  894.   * eax = 0 as the tag of success
  895.  
  896. ======================================================================
  897. ========= Function 18, subfunction 16 - get size of free RAM. ========
  898. ======================================================================
  899. Parameters:
  900.   * eax = 18 - function number
  901.   * ebx = 16 - subfunction number
  902. Returned value:
  903.   * eax = size of free memory in kilobytes
  904.  
  905. ======================================================================
  906. ======== Function 18, subfunction 17 - get full amount of RAM. =======
  907. ======================================================================
  908. Parameters:
  909.   * eax = 18 - function number
  910.   * ebx = 17 - subfunction number
  911. Returned value:
  912.   * eax = total size of existing memory in kilobytes
  913.  
  914. ======================================================================
  915. ===================== Function 18, subfunction 18 ====================
  916. ============= Terminate process/thread by the identifier. ============
  917. ======================================================================
  918. Parameters:
  919.   * eax = 18 - function number
  920.   * ebx = 18 - subfunction number
  921.   * ecx = identifer of process/thread (PID/TID)
  922. Returned value:
  923.   * eax = 0 - success
  924.   * eax = -1 - error (process is not found or is system)
  925. Remarks:
  926.   * It is impossible to terminate system thread OS/IDLE (identifier
  927.     1), it is possible to terminate any normal process/thread.
  928.   * See also subfunction 2 - terminate
  929.     process/thread by given slot.
  930.  
  931. ======================================================================
  932. ======== Function 18, subfunction 19 - get/set mouse features. =======
  933. ======================================================================
  934.  
  935. ---------------- Subsubfunction 0 - get mouse speed. -----------------
  936. Parameters:
  937.   * eax = 18 - function number
  938.   * ebx = 19 - subfunction number
  939.   * ecx = 0 - subsubfunction number
  940. Returned value:
  941.   * eax = current mouse speed
  942.  
  943. ---------------- Subsubfunction 1 - set mouse speed. -----------------
  944. Parameters:
  945.   * eax = 18 - function number
  946.   * ebx = 19 - subfunction number
  947.   * ecx = 1 - subsubfunction number
  948.   * edx = new value for speed
  949. Returned value:
  950.   * function does not return value
  951.  
  952. ---------------- Subsubfunction 2 - get mouse delay. -----------------
  953. Parameters:
  954.   * eax = 18 - function number
  955.   * ebx = 19 - subfunction number
  956.   * ecx = 2 - subsubfunction number
  957. Returned value:
  958.   * eax = current mouse delay
  959.  
  960. ---------------- Subsubfunction 3 - set mouse delay. -----------------
  961. Parameters:
  962.   * eax = 18 - function number
  963.   * ebx = 19 - subfunction number
  964.   * ecx = 3 - subsubfunction number
  965.   * edx = new value for mouse delay
  966. Returned value:
  967.   * function does not return value
  968.  
  969. ----------- Subsubfunction 4 - set mouse pointer position. -----------
  970. Parameters:
  971.   * eax = 18 - function number
  972.   * ebx = 19 - subfunction number
  973.   * ecx = 4 - subsubfunction number
  974.   * edx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [coordinate on axis y]
  975. Returned value:
  976.   * function does not return value
  977.  
  978. -------- Subsubfunction 5 - simulate state of mouse buttons. ---------
  979. Parameters:
  980.   * eax = 18 - function number
  981.   * ebx = 19 - subfunction number
  982.   * ecx = 5 - subsubfunction number
  983.   * edx = information about emulated state of mouse buttons:
  984.     (same as return value in subfunction 2 of function 37)
  985.     * bit 0 is set = left button is pressed
  986.     * bit 1 is set = right button is pressed
  987.     * bit 2 is set = middle button is pressed
  988.     * bit 3 is set = 4th button is pressed
  989.     * bit 4 is set = 5th button is pressed
  990. Returned value:
  991.   * function does not return value
  992. Remarks:
  993.   * It is recommended to set speed of the mouse (in subsubfunction 1)
  994.     from 1 up to 9. The installed value is not inspected by the kernel
  995.     code, so set it carefully, at incorrect value the cursor
  996.     can "freeze". Speed of the mouse can be regulated through the
  997.     application SETUP.
  998.   * Recommended delay of the mouse (in subsubfunction 3) = 10. Lower
  999.     value is not handled by COM mice. At the very large values the
  1000.     movement of the mouse on 1 pixel is impossible and the cursor will
  1001.     jump on the value of installed speed (subsubfunction 1). The
  1002.     installed value is not inspected by the kernel code.
  1003.     Mouse delay can be regulated through the application SETUP.
  1004.   * The subsubfunction 4 does not check the passed value. Before
  1005.     its call find out current screen resolution (with function 14)
  1006.     and check that the value of position is inside the limits of the
  1007.     screen.
  1008.  
  1009. ======================================================================
  1010. ======== Function 18, subfunction 20 - get information on RAM. =======
  1011. ======================================================================
  1012. Parameters:
  1013.   * eax = 18 - function number
  1014.   * ebx = 20 - subfunction number
  1015.   * ecx = pointer to the buffer for information (36 bytes)
  1016. Returned value:
  1017.   * eax = total size of existing RAM in pages
  1018.     or -1 if error has occured
  1019.   * buffer pointed to by ecx contains the following information:
  1020.     * +0:  dword: total size of existing RAM in pages
  1021.     * +4:  dword: size of free RAM in pages
  1022.     * +8:  dword: number of page faults (exceptions #PF)
  1023.                  in applications
  1024.     * +12: dword: size of kernel heap in bytes
  1025.     * +16: dword: free in kernel heap in bytes
  1026.     * +20: dword: total number of memory blocks in kernel heap
  1027.     * +24: dword: number of free memory blocks in kernel heap
  1028.     * +28: dword: size of maximum free block in kernel heap
  1029.                  (reserved)
  1030.     * +32: dword: size of maximum allocated block in kernel heap
  1031.                  (reserved)
  1032.  
  1033. ======================================================================
  1034. ===================== Function 18, subfunction 21 ====================
  1035. ======== Get slot number of process/thread by the identifier. ========
  1036. ======================================================================
  1037. Parameters:
  1038.   * eax = 18 - function number
  1039.   * ebx = 21 - subfunction number
  1040.   * ecx = identifer of process/thread (PID/TID)
  1041. Returned value:
  1042.   * eax = 0 - error (invalid identifier)
  1043.   * otherwise eax = slot number
  1044.  
  1045. ======================================================================
  1046. ===================== Function 18, subfunction 22 ====================
  1047. ============== Operations with window of another thread. =============
  1048. ======================================================================
  1049. Parameters:
  1050.   * eax = 18 - function number
  1051.   * ebx = 22 - subfunction number
  1052.   * ecx = operation type:
  1053.     * 0 = minimize window of the thread with given slot number
  1054.     * 1 = minimize window of the thread with given identifier
  1055.     * 2 = restore window of the thread with given slot number
  1056.     * 3 = restore window of the thread with given identifier
  1057.   * edx = parameter (slot number or PID/TID)
  1058. Returned value:
  1059.   * eax = 0 - success
  1060.   * eax = -1 - error (invalid identifier)
  1061. Remarks:
  1062.   * The thread can minimize its window with subfunction 10.
  1063.   * One can restore and activate window simultaneously with
  1064.     subfunction 3 (which requires slot number).
  1065.  
  1066. ======================================================================
  1067. ==================== Function 20 - MIDI interface. ===================
  1068. ======================================================================
  1069.  
  1070. ----------------------- Subfunction 1 - reset ------------------------
  1071. Parameters:
  1072.   * eax = 20 - function number
  1073.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  1074.  
  1075. -------------------- Subfunction 2 - output byte ---------------------
  1076. Parameters:
  1077.   * eax = 20 - function number
  1078.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  1079.   * cl = byte for output
  1080. Returned value (is the same for both subfunctions):
  1081.   * eax = 0 - success
  1082.   * eax = 1 - base port is not defined
  1083. Remarks:
  1084.   * Previously the base port must be defined by
  1085.     subfunction 1 of function 21.
  1086.  
  1087. ======================================================================
  1088. ======== Function 21, subfunction 1 - set MPU MIDI base port. ========
  1089. ======================================================================
  1090. Parameters:
  1091.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1092.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  1093.   * ecx = number of base port
  1094. Returned value
  1095.   * eax = 0 - success
  1096.   * eax = -1 - erratic number of a port
  1097. Remarks:
  1098.   * Number of a port must satisfy to conditions 0x100<=ecx<=0xFFFF.
  1099.   * The installation of base is necessary for function 20.
  1100.   * To get base port use subfunction 1 of function 26.
  1101.  
  1102. ======================================================================
  1103. ========== Function 21, subfunction 2 - set keyboard layout. =========
  1104. ======================================================================
  1105. Keyboard layout is used to convert keyboard scancodes to ASCII-codes,
  1106. which will be read by function 2.
  1107. Parameters:
  1108.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1109.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  1110.   * ecx = which layout to set:
  1111.     * 1 = normal layout
  1112.     * 2 = layout at pressed Shift
  1113.     * 3 = layout at pressed Alt
  1114.   * edx = pointer to layout - table of length 128 bytes
  1115. Or:
  1116.   * ecx = 9
  1117.   * dx = country identifier (1=eng, 2=fi, 3=ger, 4=rus)
  1118. Returned value:
  1119.   * eax = 0 - success
  1120.   * eax = 1 - incorrect parameter
  1121. Remarks:
  1122.   * If Alt is pressed, the layout with Alt is used;
  1123.     if Alt is not pressed, but Shift is pressed,
  1124.     the layout with Shift is used;
  1125.     if Alt and Shift are not pressed, but Ctrl is pressed, the normal
  1126.     layout is used and then from the code is subtracted 0x60;
  1127.     if no control key is pressed, the normal layout is used.
  1128.   * To get layout and country identifier use
  1129.     subfunction 2 of function 26.
  1130.   * Country identifier is global system variable, which is not used
  1131.     by the kernel itself; however the application '@panel' displays
  1132.     the corresponding icon.
  1133.   * The application @panel switches layouts on user request.
  1134.  
  1135. ======================================================================
  1136. ============== Function 21, subfunction 3 - set CD base. =============
  1137. ======================================================================
  1138. Parameters:
  1139.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1140.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  1141.   * ecx = CD base: 1=IDE0, 2=IDE1, 3=IDE2, 4=IDE3
  1142. Returned value:
  1143.   * eax = 0
  1144. Remarks:
  1145.   * CD base is used by function 24.
  1146.   * To get CD base use subfunction 3 of function 26.
  1147.  
  1148. ======================================================================
  1149. ========== Function 21, subfunction 5 - set system language. =========
  1150. ======================================================================
  1151. Parameters:
  1152.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1153.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  1154.   * ecx = system language (1=eng, 2=fi, 3=ger, 4=rus)
  1155. Returned value:
  1156.   * eax = 0
  1157. Remarks:
  1158.   * System language is global system variable and is not used
  1159.     by the kernel itself, however application @panel draws the
  1160.     appropriate icon.
  1161.   * Function does not check for correctness, as the kernel does not
  1162.     use this variable.
  1163.   * To get system language use subfunction 5 of function 26.
  1164.  
  1165. ======================================================================
  1166. ============== Function 21, subfunction 7 - set HD base. =============
  1167. ======================================================================
  1168. The HD base defines hard disk to write with usage of obsolete
  1169. syntax /HD in obsolete function 58; at usage of modern syntax
  1170. /HD0,/HD1,/HD2,/HD3 base is set automatically.
  1171. Parameters:
  1172.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1173.   * ebx = 7 - subfunction number
  1174.   * ecx = HD base: 1=IDE0, 2=IDE1, 3=IDE2, 4=IDE3
  1175. Returned value:
  1176.   * eax = 0
  1177. Remarks:
  1178.   * Any application at any time can change the base.
  1179.   * Do not change base, when any application works with hard disk.
  1180.     If you do not want system bugs.
  1181.   * To get HD base use subfunction 7 of function 26.
  1182.   * It is also necessary to define used partition of hard disk by
  1183.     subfunction 8.
  1184.  
  1185. ======================================================================
  1186. ========= Function 21, subfunction 8 - set used HD partition. ========
  1187. ======================================================================
  1188. The HD partition defines partition of the hard disk to write with
  1189. usage of obsolete syntax /HD and obsolete function 58;
  1190. at usage of functions 58 and 70 and modern syntax /HD0,/HD1,/HD2,/HD3
  1191. base and partition are set automatically.
  1192. Parameters:
  1193.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1194.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  1195.   * ecx = HD partition (beginning from 1)
  1196. Return value:
  1197.   * eax = 0
  1198. Remarks:
  1199.   * Any application at any time can change partition.
  1200.   * Do not change partition when any application works with hard disk.
  1201.     If you do not want system bugs.
  1202.   * To get used partition use subfunction 8 of function 26.
  1203.   * There is no correctness checks.
  1204.   * To get the number of partitions of a hard disk use
  1205.     subfunction 11 of function 18.
  1206.   * It is also necessary to define used HD base by subfunction 7.
  1207.  
  1208. ======================================================================
  1209.  Function 21, subfunction 11 - enable/disable low-level access to HD.
  1210. ======================================================================
  1211. Parameters:
  1212.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1213.   * ebx = 11 - subfunction number
  1214.   * ecx = 0/1 - disable/enable
  1215. Returned value:
  1216.   * eax = 0
  1217. Remarks:
  1218.   * Is used in LBA-read (subfunction 8 of function 58).
  1219.   * The current implementation uses only low bit of ecx.
  1220.   * To get current status use subfunction 11 of function 26.
  1221.  
  1222. ======================================================================
  1223.  Function 21, subfunction 12 - enable/disable low-level access to PCI.
  1224. ======================================================================
  1225. Parameters:
  1226.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1227.   * ebx = 12 - subfunction number
  1228.   * ecx = 0/1 - disable/enable
  1229. Returned value:
  1230.   * eax = 0
  1231. Remarks:
  1232.   * Is used in operations with PCI bus (function 62).
  1233.   * The current implementation uses only low bit of ecx.
  1234.   * To get current status use subfunction 12 of function 26.
  1235.  
  1236. ======================================================================
  1237. ============ Function 21, subfunction 13, subsubfunction 1 ===========
  1238. ======== Initialize + get information on the driver vmode.mdr. =======
  1239. ======================================================================
  1240. Parameters:
  1241.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1242.   * ebx = 13 - subfunction number
  1243.   * ecx = 1 - number of the driver function
  1244.   * edx = pointer to 512-bytes buffer
  1245. Returned value:
  1246.   * if driver is not loaded
  1247.     (never happens in the current implementation):
  1248.     * eax = -1
  1249.     * ebx, ecx destroyed
  1250.   * if driver is loaded:
  1251.     * eax = 'MDAZ' (in fasm style, that is 'M' - low byte, 'Z' - high)
  1252.       - signature
  1253.     * ebx = current frequency of the scanning (in Hz)
  1254.     * ecx destroyed
  1255.     * buffer pointed to by edx is filled
  1256. Format of the buffer:
  1257.   * +0: 32*byte: driver name, "Trans VideoDriver"
  1258.     (without quotes, supplemented by spaces)
  1259.   * +32 = +0x20: dword: driver version (version x.y is encoded as
  1260.     y*65536+x), for the current implementation is 1 (1.0)
  1261.   * +36 = +0x24: 7*dword: reserved (0 in the current implementation)
  1262.   * +64 = +0x40: 32*word: list of supported videomodes (each word
  1263.     is number of a videomode, after list itself there are zeroes)
  1264.   * +128 = +0x80: 32*(5*word): list of supported frequences of the
  1265.     scannings for videomodes: for each videomode listed in the
  1266.     previous field up to 5 supported frequences are given
  1267.     (unused positions contain zeroes)
  1268. Remarks:
  1269.   * Function initializes the driver (if it is not initialized yet)
  1270.     and must be called first, before others (otherwise they will do
  1271.     nothing and return -1).
  1272.   * The current implementation supports only one frequency
  1273.     of the scanning on videomode.
  1274.  
  1275. ======================================================================
  1276. ============ Function 21, subfunction 13, subsubfunction 2 ===========
  1277. ================ Get information on current videomode. ===============
  1278. ======================================================================
  1279. Parameters:
  1280.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1281.   * ebx = 13 - subfunction number
  1282.   * ecx = 2 - number of the driver function
  1283. Returned value:
  1284.   * eax = -1 - driver is not loaded or not initialized;
  1285.     ebx,ecx are destroyed
  1286.   * eax = [width]*65536 + [height]
  1287.   * ebx = frequency of the vertical scanning (in Hz)
  1288.   * ecx = number of current videomode
  1289. Remarks:
  1290.   * Driver must be initialized by call to
  1291.     driver function 1.
  1292.   * If only screen sizes are required, it is more expedient to use
  1293.     function 14 taking into account that it
  1294.     returns sizes on 1 less.
  1295.  
  1296. ======================================================================
  1297. === Function 21, subfunction 13, subsubfunction 3 - set videomode. ===
  1298. ======================================================================
  1299. Parameters:
  1300.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1301.   * ebx = 13 - subfunction number
  1302.   * ecx = 3 - number of the driver function
  1303.   * edx = [scanning frequency]*65536 + [videomode number]
  1304. Returned value:
  1305.   * eax = -1 - driver is not loaded, not initialized or
  1306.     an error has occured
  1307.   * eax = 0 - success
  1308.   * ebx, ecx destroyed
  1309. Remarks:
  1310.   * Driver must be initialized by driver function 1.
  1311.   * The videomode number and frequency must be in the table
  1312.     returned by driver function 1.
  1313.  
  1314. ======================================================================
  1315. ============ Function 21, subfunction 13, subsubfunction 4 ===========
  1316. ================== Return to the initial videomode. ==================
  1317. ======================================================================
  1318. Returns the screen to the videomode set at system boot.
  1319. Parameters:
  1320.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1321.   * ebx = 13 - subfunction number
  1322.   * ecx = 4 - number of the driver function
  1323. Returned value:
  1324.   * eax = -1 - driver is not loaded or not initialized
  1325.   * eax = 0 - success
  1326.   * ebx, ecx destroyed
  1327. Remarks:
  1328.   * Driver must be initialized by call to driver function 1.
  1329.  
  1330. ======================================================================
  1331. ============ Function 21, subfunction 13, subsubfunction 5 ===========
  1332. ===== Increase/decrease the size of the visible area of monitor. =====
  1333. ======================================================================
  1334. Parameters:
  1335.   * eax = 21 - function number
  1336.   * ebx = 13 - subfunction number
  1337.   * ecx = 5 - number of the driver function
  1338.   * edx = 0/1 - decrease/increase horizontal size on 1 position
  1339.   * edx = 2/3 - is not supported in the current implementation;
  1340.     is planned as decrease/increase vertical size on 1 position
  1341. Returned value:
  1342.   * eax = -1 - driver is not loaded or not initialized
  1343.   * eax = 0 - success
  1344.   * ebx, ecx destroyed
  1345. Remarks:
  1346.   * Driver must be initialized by call to driver function 1.
  1347.   * Function influences only the physical size of the screen image;
  1348.     the logical size (number of pixels) does not change.
  1349.  
  1350. ======================================================================
  1351. ================= Function 22 - set system date/time. ================
  1352. ======================================================================
  1353. Parameters:
  1354.   * eax = 22 - function number
  1355.   * ebx = 0 - set time
  1356.     * ecx = 0x00SSMMHH - time in the binary-decimal code (BCD):
  1357.     * HH=hour 00..23
  1358.     * MM=minute 00..59
  1359.     * SS=second 00..59
  1360.   * ebx = 1 - set date
  1361.     * ecx = 0x00DDMMYY - date in the binary-decimal code (BCD):
  1362.     * DD=day 01..31
  1363.     * MM=month 01..12
  1364.     * YY=year 00..99
  1365.   * ebx = 2 - set day of week
  1366.     * ecx = 1 for Sunday, ..., 7 for Saturday
  1367.   * ebx = 3 - set alarm clock
  1368.     * ecx = 0x00SSMMHH
  1369. Returned value:
  1370.   * eax = 0 - success
  1371.   * eax = 1 - incorrect parameter
  1372.   * eax = 2 - CMOS-battery was unloaded
  1373. Remarks:
  1374.   * Value of installation of day of week seems to be doubtful,
  1375.     as it a little where is used
  1376.     (day of week can be calculated by date).
  1377.   * Alarm clock can be set on operation in the given time every day.
  1378.     But there is no existing system function to disable it.
  1379.   * Operation of alarm clock consists in generation IRQ8.
  1380.   * Generally CMOS supports for alarm clock set of value 0xFF
  1381.     as one of parameters and it means that the appropriate parameter
  1382.     is ignored. But current implementation does not allow this
  1383.     (will return 1).
  1384.   * Alarm clock is a global system resource; the set of
  1385.     an alarm clock cancels automatically the previous set.
  1386.     However, at moment no program uses it.
  1387.  
  1388. ======================================================================
  1389. ============= Function 23 - wait for event with timeout. =============
  1390. ======================================================================
  1391. If the message queue is empty, waits for new message in the queue,
  1392. but no more than given time. Then reads out a message from the queue.
  1393.  
  1394. Parameters:
  1395.   * eax = 23 - function number
  1396.   * ebx = timeout (in 1/100 of second)
  1397. Returned value:
  1398.   * eax = 0 - the message queue is empty
  1399.   * otherwise eax = event (see the list of events)
  1400. Remarks:
  1401.   * Only those events are taken into account, which enter into
  1402.     the mask set by function 40. By default it is
  1403.     redraw, key and button events.
  1404.   * To check for presence of a message in the queue use function 11.
  1405.     To wait without timeout use function 10.
  1406.   * Transmission ebx=0 results in immediate returning eax=0.
  1407.   * Current implementation returns immediately with eax=0,
  1408.     if the addition of ebx with the current value of time counter
  1409.     makes 32-bit overflow.
  1410.  
  1411. ======================================================================
  1412. ======== Function 24, subfunction 1 - begin to play CD-audio. ========
  1413. ======================================================================
  1414. Parameters:
  1415.   * eax = 24 - function number
  1416.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  1417.   * ecx = 0x00FRSSMM, where
  1418.     * MM = starting minute
  1419.     * SS = starting second
  1420.     * FR = starting frame
  1421. Returned value:
  1422.   * eax = 0 - success
  1423.   * eax = 1 - CD base is not defined
  1424. Remarks:
  1425.   * Previously CD base must be defined by the call to
  1426.     subfunction 3 of function 21.
  1427.   * One second includes 75 frames, one minute includes 60 seconds.
  1428.   * The function is asynchronous (returns control, when play begins).
  1429.  
  1430. ======================================================================
  1431. ======= Function 24, subfunction 2 - get information on tracks. ======
  1432. ======================================================================
  1433. Parameters:
  1434.   * eax = 24 - function number
  1435.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  1436.   * ecx = pointer to the buffer for the table
  1437.     (maximum 8*64h+4 bytes=100 tracks)
  1438. Returned value:
  1439.   * eax = 0 - success
  1440.   * eax = 1 - CD base is not defined
  1441. Remarks:
  1442.   * The format of the table with tracks information is the same as
  1443.     for ATAPI-CD command 43h (READ TOC), usual table (subcommand 00h).
  1444.     Function returns addresses in MSF.
  1445.   * Previously CD base port must be set by call to
  1446.     subfunction 3 of function 21.
  1447.   * Function returns information only about no more than 100
  1448.     first tracks. In most cases it is enough.
  1449.  
  1450. ======================================================================
  1451. ========== Function 24, subfunction 3 - stop play CD-audio. ==========
  1452. ======================================================================
  1453. Parameters:
  1454.   * eax = 24 - function number
  1455.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  1456. Returned value:
  1457.   * eax = 0 - success
  1458.   * eax = 1 - CD base is not defined
  1459. Remarks:
  1460.   * Previously CD base port must be defined by call to
  1461.     subfunction 3 of function 21.
  1462.  
  1463. ======================================================================
  1464. ======= Function 24, subfunction 4 - eject tray of disk drive. =======
  1465. ======================================================================
  1466. Parameters:
  1467.   * eax = 24 - function number
  1468.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  1469.   * ecx = position of CD/DVD-drive
  1470.       (from 0=Primary Master to 3=Secondary Slave)
  1471. Returned value:
  1472.   * function does not return value
  1473. Remarks:
  1474.   * The function is supported only for ATAPI devices (CD and DVD).
  1475.   * When the tray is being ejected,
  1476.     manual control of tray is unlocked.
  1477.   * When the tray is being ejected, the code clears the cache for
  1478.     corresponding device.
  1479.   * An example of usage of the function is the application CD_tray.
  1480.  
  1481. ======================================================================
  1482. ======== Function 24, subfunction 5 - load tray of disk drive. =======
  1483. ======================================================================
  1484. Parameters:
  1485.   * eax = 24 - function number
  1486.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  1487.   * ecx = position of CD/DVD-drive
  1488.       (from 0=Primary Master to 3=Secondary Slave)
  1489. Returned value:
  1490.   * function does not return value
  1491. Remarks:
  1492.   * The function is supported only for ATAPI devices (CD and DVD).
  1493.   * An example of usage of the function is the application CD_tray.
  1494.  
  1495. ======================================================================
  1496. ======== Function 26, subfunction 1 - get MPU MIDI base port. ========
  1497. ======================================================================
  1498. Parameters:
  1499.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1500.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  1501. Returned value:
  1502.   * eax = port number
  1503. Parameters:
  1504.   * To set base port use subfunction 1 of function 21.
  1505.  
  1506. ======================================================================
  1507. ========== Function 26, subfunction 2 - get keyboard layout. =========
  1508. ======================================================================
  1509. The keyboard layout is used to convert keyboard scancodes to
  1510. ASCII-codes for function 2.
  1511. Parameters:
  1512.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1513.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  1514.   * ecx = what layout to get:
  1515.     * 1 = normal layout
  1516.     * 2 = layout with pressed Shift
  1517.     * 3 = layout with pressed Alt
  1518.   * edx = pointer to the 128-bytes buffer, where the layout will be
  1519.     copied
  1520. Returned value:
  1521.   * function does not return value
  1522. Or:
  1523.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1524.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  1525.   * ecx = 9
  1526. Returned value:
  1527.   * eax = country identifier (1=eng, 2=fi, 3=ger, 4=rus)
  1528. Remarks:
  1529.   * If Alt is pressed, the layout with Alt is used;
  1530.     if Alt is not pressed, but Shift is pressed,
  1531.     the layout with Shift is used;
  1532.     if Alt and Shift are not pressed, but Ctrl is pressed, the normal
  1533.     layout is used and then from the code is subtracted 0x60;
  1534.     if no control key is pressed, the normal layout is used.
  1535.   * To set layout and country identifier use
  1536.     subfunction 2 of function 21.
  1537.   * Country identifier is global system variable, which is not used
  1538.     by the kernel itself; however the application '@panel' displays
  1539.     the corresponding icon (using this function).
  1540.   * The application @panel switches layouts on user request.
  1541.  
  1542. ======================================================================
  1543. ============== Function 26, subfunction 3 - get CD base. =============
  1544. ======================================================================
  1545. Parameters:
  1546.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1547.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  1548. Returned value:
  1549.   * eax = CD base: 1=IDE0, 2=IDE1, 3=IDE2, 4=IDE3
  1550. Remarks:
  1551.   * CD base is used by function 24.
  1552.   * To set CD base use subfunction 3 of function 21.
  1553.  
  1554. ======================================================================
  1555. ========== Function 26, subfunction 5 - get system language. =========
  1556. ======================================================================
  1557. Parameters:
  1558.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1559.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  1560. Returned value:
  1561.   * eax = system language (1=eng, 2=fi, 3=ger, 4=rus)
  1562. Remarks:
  1563.   * System language is global system variable and is not used
  1564.     by the kernel itself, however application @panel draws the
  1565.     appropriate icon (using this function).
  1566.   * To set system language use subfunction 5 of function 21.
  1567.  
  1568. ======================================================================
  1569. ============== Function 26, subfunction 7 - get HD base. =============
  1570. ======================================================================
  1571. The HD base defines hard disk to write with usage of obsolete
  1572. syntax /HD in obsolete function 58; at usage of modern syntax
  1573. /HD0,/HD1,/HD2,/HD3 base is set automatically.
  1574. Parameters:
  1575.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1576.   * ebx = 7 - subfunction number
  1577. Returned value:
  1578.   * eax = HD base: 1=IDE0, 2=IDE1, 3=IDE2, 4=IDE3
  1579. Remarks:
  1580.   * Any application in any time can change HD base.
  1581.   * To set base use subfunction 7 of function 21.
  1582.   * To get used partition of hard disk use subfunction 8.
  1583.  
  1584. ======================================================================
  1585. ========= Function 26, subfunction 8 - get used HD partition. ========
  1586. ======================================================================
  1587. The HD partition defines partition of the hard disk to write with
  1588. usage of obsolete syntax /HD in obsolete function 58;
  1589. at usage of functions 58 and 70 and modern syntax /HD0,/HD1,/HD2,/HD3
  1590. base and partition are set automatically.
  1591. Parameters:
  1592.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1593.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  1594. Returned value:
  1595.   * eax = HD partition (beginning from 1)
  1596. Remarks:
  1597.   * Any application in any time can change partition.
  1598.   * To set partition use subfunction 8 of function 21.
  1599.   * To get number of partitions on a hard disk use
  1600.     subfunction 11 of function 18.
  1601.   * To get base of used hard disk, use subfunction 7.
  1602.  
  1603. ======================================================================
  1604. === Function 26, subfunction 9 - get the value of the time counter. ==
  1605. ======================================================================
  1606. Parameters:
  1607.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1608.   * ebx = 9 - subfunction number
  1609. Returned value:
  1610.   * eax = number of 1/100s of second, past from the system boot time
  1611. Remarks:
  1612.   * Counter takes modulo 2^32, that correspond to a little more
  1613.     than 497 days.
  1614.   * To get system time use function 3.
  1615.  
  1616. ======================================================================
  1617. ===================== Function 26, subfunction 11 ====================
  1618. ========== Find out whether low-level HD access is enabled. ==========
  1619. ======================================================================
  1620. Parameters:
  1621.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1622.   * ebx = 11 - subfunction number
  1623. Returned value:
  1624.   * eax = 0/1 - disabled/enabled
  1625. Remarks:
  1626.   * Is used in LBA read (subfunction 8 of function 58).
  1627.   * To set current state use subfunction 11 of function 21.
  1628.  
  1629. ======================================================================
  1630. ===================== Function 26, subfunction 12 ====================
  1631. ========== Find out whether low-level PCI access is enabled. =========
  1632. ======================================================================
  1633. Parameters:
  1634.   * eax = 26 - function number
  1635.   * ebx = 12 - subfunction number
  1636. Returned value:
  1637.   * eax = 0/1 - disabled/enabled
  1638. Remarks:
  1639.   * Is used by operations with PCI bus (function 62).
  1640.   * The current implementation uses only low bit of ecx.
  1641.   * To set the current state use subfunction 12 of function 21.
  1642.  
  1643. ======================================================================
  1644. =================== Function 29 - get system date. ===================
  1645. ======================================================================
  1646. Parameters:
  1647.   * eax = 29 - function number
  1648. Returned value:
  1649.   * eax = 0x00DDMMYY, where
  1650.     (binary-decimal coding, BCD, is used)
  1651.   * YY = two low digits of year (00..99)
  1652.   * MM = month (01..12)
  1653.   * DD = day (01..31)
  1654. Remarks:
  1655.   * To set system date use function 22.
  1656.  
  1657. ======================================================================
  1658. ============= Function 30 - work with the current folder. ============
  1659. ======================================================================
  1660.  
  1661. --------- Subfunction 1 - set current folder for the thread. ---------
  1662. Parameters:
  1663.   * eax = 30 - function number
  1664.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  1665.   * ecx = pointer to ASCIIZ-string with the path to new current folder
  1666. Returned value:
  1667.   * function does not return value
  1668.  
  1669. --------- Subfunction 2 - get current folder for the thread. ---------
  1670. Parameters:
  1671.   * eax = 30 - function number
  1672.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  1673.   * ecx = pointer to buffer
  1674.   * edx = size of buffer
  1675. Returned value:
  1676.   * eax = size of the current folder's name (including terminating 0)
  1677. Remarks:
  1678.   * If the buffer is too small to hold all data, only first (edx-1)
  1679.     bytes are copied and than terminating 0 is inserted.
  1680.   * By default, current folder for the thread is "/rd/1".
  1681.   * At process/thread creation the current folder will be inherited
  1682.     from the parent.
  1683.  
  1684. ======================================================================
  1685. ======= Function 35 - read the color of a pixel on the screen. =======
  1686. ======================================================================
  1687. Parameters:
  1688.   * eax = 35
  1689.   * ebx = y*xsize+x, where
  1690.   * (x,y) = coordinates of a pixel (beginning from 0)
  1691.   * xsize = horizontal screen size
  1692. Returned value:
  1693.   * eax = color 0x00RRGGBB
  1694. Remarks:
  1695.   * To get screen sizes use function 14. Pay attention,
  1696.     that it subtracts 1 from both sizes.
  1697.   * There is also direct access (without any system calls)
  1698.     to videomemory through the selector gs. To get parameters of
  1699.     the current videomode, use function 61.
  1700.  
  1701. ======================================================================
  1702. =================== Function 36 - read screen area. ==================
  1703. ======================================================================
  1704. Paramters:
  1705.   * eax = 36 - function number
  1706.   * ebx = pointer to the previously allocated memory area,
  1707.         where will be placed the image in the format BBGGRRBBGGRR...
  1708.   * ecx = [size on axis x]*65536 + [size on axis y]
  1709.   * edx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [coordinate on axis y]
  1710. Returned value:
  1711.   * function does not return value
  1712. Remarks:
  1713.   * Coordinates of the image are coordinates of the upper left corner
  1714.     of the image relative to the screen.
  1715.   * Size of the image in bytes is 3*xsize*ysize.
  1716.  
  1717. ======================================================================
  1718. =================== Function 37 - work with mouse. ===================
  1719. ======================================================================
  1720.  
  1721. ---------- Subfunction 0 - screen coordinates of the mouse -----------
  1722. Parameters:
  1723.   * eax = 37 - function number
  1724.   * ebx = 0 - subfunction number
  1725. Returned value:
  1726.   * eax = x*65536 + y, (x,y)=coordinates of the mouse pointer
  1727.     (beginning from 0)
  1728.  
  1729. -- Subfunction 1 - coordinates of the mouse relative to the window ---
  1730. Parameters:
  1731.   * eax = 37 - function number
  1732.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  1733. Returned value:
  1734.   * eax = x*65536 + y, (x,y)=coordinates of the mouse pointer
  1735.     relative to the application window (beginning from 0)
  1736. Remarks:
  1737.   * The value is calculated by formula (x-xwnd)*65536 + (y-ywnd).
  1738.     If y>=ywnd, the low word is non-negative and contains
  1739.     relative y-coordinate, and the high word - relative x-coordinate
  1740.     (with correct sign). Otherwise the low word is negative and still
  1741.     contains relative y-coordinate, and to the high word
  1742.     1 should be added.
  1743.  
  1744. ------------ Subfunction 2 - pressed buttons of the mouse ------------
  1745. Parameters:
  1746.   * eax = 37 - function number
  1747.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  1748. Returned value:
  1749.   * eax contains information on the pressed mouse buttons:
  1750.   * bit 0 is set = left button is pressed
  1751.   * bit 1 is set = right button is pressed
  1752.   * bit 2 is set = middle button is pressed
  1753.   * bit 3 is set = 4th button is pressed
  1754.   * bit 4 is set = 5th button is pressed
  1755.   * other bits are cleared
  1756.  
  1757. -------------------- Subfunction 4 - load cursor ---------------------
  1758. Parameters:
  1759.   * eax = 37 - function number
  1760.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  1761.   * dx = data source:
  1762.   * dx = LOAD_FROM_FILE = 0 - data in a file
  1763.     * ecx = pointer to full path to the cursor file
  1764.     * the file must be in the format .cur, which is standard for
  1765.       MS Windows, at that of the size 32*32 pixels
  1766.   * dx = LOAD_FROM_MEM = 1 - data of file are already loaded in memory
  1767.     * ecx = pointer to data of the cursor file
  1768.     * the data format is the same as in the previous case
  1769.   * dx = LOAD_INDIRECT = 2 - data in memory
  1770.     * ecx = pointer to cursor image in the format ARGB 32*32 pixels
  1771.     * edx = 0xXXYY0002, where
  1772.       * XX = x-coordinate of cursor hotspot
  1773.       * YY = y-coordinate
  1774.       * 0 <= XX, YY <= 31
  1775. Returned value:
  1776.   * eax = 0 - failed
  1777.   * otherwise eax = cursor handle
  1778.  
  1779. --------------------- Subfunction 5 - set cursor ---------------------
  1780. Sets new cursor for the window of the current thread.
  1781. Parameters:
  1782.   * eax = 37 - function number
  1783.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  1784.   * ecx = cursor handle
  1785. Returned value:
  1786.   * eax = handle of previous cursor
  1787. Remarks:
  1788.   * If the handle is incorrect, the function restores the default
  1789.     cursor (standard arrow). In particular, ecx=0 restores it.
  1790.  
  1791. ------------------- Subfunction 6 - delete cursor --------------------
  1792. Parameters:
  1793.   * eax = 37 - function number
  1794.   * ebx = 6 - subfunction number
  1795.   * ecx = cursor handle
  1796. Returned value:
  1797.   * eax destroyed
  1798. Remarks:
  1799.   * The cursor must be loaded previously by the current thread
  1800.     (with the call to subfunction 4). The function does not delete
  1801.     system cursors and cursors, loaded by another applications.
  1802.   * If the active cursor (set by subfunction 5) is deleted,
  1803.     the system restores the default cursor (standard arrow).
  1804.  
  1805. ------------------ Subfunction 7 - get scroll data -------------------
  1806. Parameters:
  1807.   * eax = 37 - function number
  1808.   * ebx = 7 - subfunction number
  1809. Returned value:
  1810.   * eax = [horizontal offset]*65536 + [vertical offset]
  1811. Remarks:
  1812.   * Scroll data is available for active window only.
  1813.   * Values are zeroed after reading.
  1814.   * Values are signed.
  1815.  
  1816. ======================================================================
  1817. ====================== Function 38 - draw line. ======================
  1818. ======================================================================
  1819. Parameters:
  1820.   * eax = 38 - function number
  1821.   * ebx = [start coordinate on axis x]*65536 +
  1822.               [end coordinate on axis x]
  1823.   * ecx = [start coordinate on axis y]*65536 +
  1824.               [end coordinate on axis y]
  1825.   * edx = 0x00RRGGBB - color
  1826.     edx = 0x01xxxxxx - draw inversed line
  1827.           (low 24 bits are ignored)
  1828. Returned value:
  1829.   * function does not return value
  1830. Remarks:
  1831.   * Coordinates are relative to the window.
  1832.   * End point is also drawn.
  1833.  
  1834. ======================================================================
  1835. == Function 39, subfunction 1 - get a size of the background image. ==
  1836. ======================================================================
  1837. Parameters:
  1838.   * eax = 39 - function number
  1839.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  1840. Returned value:
  1841.   * eax = [width]*65536 + [height]
  1842. Remarks:
  1843.   * There is a pair function to set sizes of background image -
  1844.     subfunction 1 of function 15. After which it is necessary,
  1845.     of course, anew to define image.
  1846.  
  1847. ======================================================================
  1848. == Function 39, subfunction 2 - get pixel from the background image. =
  1849. ======================================================================
  1850. Parameters:
  1851.   * eax = 39 - function number
  1852.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  1853.   * ecx = offset
  1854. Returned value:
  1855.   * eax = 0x00RRGGBB - pixel color, if offset is valid
  1856.     (less than 0x160000-16)
  1857.   * eax = 2 otherwise
  1858. Remarks:
  1859.   * Do not rely on returned value for invalid offsets, it may be
  1860.     changed in future kernel versions.
  1861.   * Offset for pixel with coordinates (x,y)
  1862.     is calculated as (x+y*xsize)*3.
  1863.   * There is a pair function to set pixel on the background image -
  1864.     subfunction 2 of function 15.
  1865.  
  1866. ======================================================================
  1867. == Function 39, subfunction 4 - get drawing mode for the background. =
  1868. ======================================================================
  1869. Parameters:
  1870.   * eax = 39 - function number
  1871.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  1872. Returned value:
  1873.   * eax = 1 - tile
  1874.   * eax = 2 - stretch
  1875. Remarks:
  1876.   * There is a pair function to set drawing mode -
  1877.     subfunction 4 of function 15.
  1878.  
  1879. ======================================================================
  1880. =========== Function 40 - set the mask for expected events. ==========
  1881. ======================================================================
  1882. The mask for expected events affects function working with events
  1883. 10, 11, 23 - they notify only about events allowed by this mask.
  1884. Parameters:
  1885.   * eax = 40 - function number
  1886.   * ebx = mask: bit i corresponds to event i+1 (see list of events)
  1887.     (set bit permits notice on event)
  1888.     bit 31: active/inactive filter
  1889.     bit 31 = 0 - inactive window receive mouse events
  1890.     bit 31 = 1 - inactive window does not receive mouse events
  1891.     bit 30: cursor position filter
  1892.     bit 30 = 0 = the window receive mouse events if cursor
  1893.                  outside window
  1894.     bit 30 = 1 - the window does not receive mouse events if cursor
  1895.                  outside window
  1896. Returned value:
  1897.   * eax = previous value of mask
  1898. Remarks:
  1899.   * Default mask (7=111b) enables nofices about redraw,
  1900.     keys and buttons. This is enough for many applications.
  1901.   * Events prohibited in the mask are saved anyway, when come;
  1902.     they are simply not informed with event functions.
  1903.   * Event functions take into account the mask on moment of
  1904.     function call, not on moment of event arrival.
  1905.  
  1906.  
  1907. ======================================================================
  1908. ================ Function 43 - input/output to a port. ===============
  1909. ======================================================================
  1910.  
  1911. ------------------------ Output data to port -------------------------
  1912. Parameters:
  1913.   * eax = 43 - function number
  1914.   * bl = byte for output
  1915.   * ecx = port number 0xnnnn (from 0 to 0xFFFF)
  1916. Returned value:
  1917.   * eax = 0 - success
  1918.   * eax = 1 - the thread has not reserved the selected port
  1919.  
  1920. ------------------------ Input data from port ------------------------
  1921. Parameters:
  1922.   * eax = 43 - function number
  1923.   * ebx is ignored
  1924.   * ecx = 0x8000nnnn, where nnnn = port number (from 0 to 0xFFFF)
  1925. Returned value:
  1926.   * eax = 0 - success, thus ebx = entered byte
  1927.   * eax = 1 - the thread has not reserved the selected port
  1928. Remarks:
  1929.   * Previously the thread must reserve the selected port
  1930.     for itself by function 46.
  1931.   * Instead of call to this function it is better to use
  1932.     processor instructions in/out - this is much
  1933.     faster and a bit shorter and easier.
  1934.  
  1935.  
  1936. ======================================================================
  1937. ====== Function 46 - reserve/free a group of input/output ports. =====
  1938. ======================================================================
  1939. To work with reserved ports an application can access directly by
  1940. commands in/out (recommended way) and can use function 43
  1941. (not recommended way).
  1942. Parameters:
  1943.   * eax = 46 - function number
  1944.   * ebx = 0 - reserve, 1 - free
  1945.   * ecx = start port number
  1946.   * edx = end port number (inclusive)
  1947. Returned value:
  1948.   * eax = 0 - success
  1949.   * eax = 1 - error
  1950. Remarks:
  1951.   * For ports reservation: an error occurs if and only if
  1952.     one from the following condition satisfies:
  1953.     * start port is more than end port;
  1954.     * the selected range contains incorrect port number
  1955.       (correct are from 0 to 0xFFFF);
  1956.     * limit for the total number of reserved areas is exceeded
  1957.       (maximum 255 are allowed);
  1958.     * the selected range intersects with any of earlier reserved
  1959.   * For ports free: an error is an attempt to free range,
  1960.     that was not earlier reserved by this function
  1961.     (with same ecx,edx).
  1962.   * If an error occurs (for both cases) function performs no action.
  1963.   * At booting the system reserves for itself ports
  1964.     0..0x2d, 0x30..0x4d, 0x50..0xdf, 0xe5..0xff (inclusively).
  1965.   * When a thread terminates, all reserved by it ports
  1966.     are freed automatically.
  1967.  
  1968. ======================================================================
  1969. ============= Function 47 - draw a number in the window. =============
  1970. ======================================================================
  1971. Parameters:
  1972.   * eax = 47 - function number
  1973.   * ebx = parameters of conversion number to text:
  1974.     * bl = 0 - ecx contains number
  1975.     * bl = 1 - ecx contains pointer to dword/qword-number
  1976.     * bh = 0 - display in decimal number system
  1977.     * bh = 1 - display in hexadecimal system
  1978.     * bh = 2 - display in binary system
  1979.     * bits 16-21 = how many digits to display
  1980.     * bits 22-29 reserved and must be set to 0
  1981.     * bit 30 set = display qword (64-bit) number (must be bl=1)
  1982.     * bit 31 set = do not display leading zeroes of the number
  1983.   * ecx = number (if bl=0) or pointer (if bl=1)
  1984.   * edx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [coordinate on axis y]
  1985.   * esi = 0xX0RRGGBB:
  1986.     * RR, GG, BB specify the color
  1987.     * X = ABnn (bits)
  1988.     * nn = font (0/1)
  1989.     * A is ignored
  1990.     * B=1 - fill background with the color edi
  1991. Returned value:
  1992.   * function does not return value
  1993. Remarks:
  1994.   * The given length must not exceed 60.
  1995.   * The exactly given amount of digits is output. If number is small
  1996.     and can be written by smaller amount of digits, it is supplemented
  1997.     by leading zeroes; if the number is big and can not be written by
  1998.     given amount of digits, extra digits are not drawn.
  1999.   * Parameters of fonts are shown in the description of function 4
  2000.     (text output).
  2001.  
  2002. ======================================================================
  2003. ========= Function 48, subfunction 0 - apply screen settings. ========
  2004. ======================================================================
  2005. Parameters:
  2006.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2007.   * ebx = 0 - subfunction number
  2008.   * ecx = 0 - reserved
  2009. Returned value:
  2010.   * function does not return value
  2011. Remarks:
  2012.   * Function redraws the screen after parameters change by
  2013.     subfunctions 1 and 2.
  2014.   * Function call without prior call to one of indicated subfunctions
  2015.     is ignored.
  2016.   * Function call with nonzero ecx is ignored.
  2017.  
  2018. ======================================================================
  2019. =========== Function 48, subfunction 1 - set button style. ===========
  2020. ======================================================================
  2021. Parameters:
  2022.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2023.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  2024.   * ecx = button style:
  2025.     * 0 = flat
  2026.     * 1 = 3d
  2027. Returned value:
  2028.   * function does not return value
  2029. Remarks:
  2030.   * After call to this function one should redraw the screen by
  2031.     subfunction 0.
  2032.   * Button style influences only to their draw of function 8.
  2033.  
  2034. ======================================================================
  2035. ====== Function 48, subfunction 2 - set standard window colors. ======
  2036. ======================================================================
  2037. Parameters:
  2038.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2039.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  2040.   * ecx = pointer to the color table
  2041.   * edx = size of the color table
  2042.     (must be 40 bytes for future compatibility)
  2043. Format of the color table is shown in description of subfunction 3.
  2044. Returned value:
  2045.   * function does not return value
  2046. Remarks:
  2047.   * After call to this function one should redraw the screen by
  2048.     subfunction 0.
  2049.   * Table of standard colors influences only to applications,
  2050.     which receive this table obviously (by subfunction 3)
  2051.     and use it (specifying colors from it to drawing functions).
  2052.   * Table of standard colors is included in skin and is installed
  2053.     anew with skin installation (by subfunction 8).
  2054.   * Color table can be viewed/changed interactively with
  2055.     the application 'desktop'.
  2056.  
  2057. ======================================================================
  2058. ====== Function 48, subfunction 3 - get standard window colors. ======
  2059. ======================================================================
  2060. Parameters:
  2061.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2062.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  2063.   * ecx = pointer to the buffer with size edx bytes,
  2064.     where table will be written
  2065.   * edx = size of color table
  2066.     (must be 40 bytes for future compatibility)
  2067. Returned value:
  2068.   * function does not return value
  2069. Format of the color table:
  2070. each item is dword-value for color 0x00RRGGBB
  2071.   * +0: dword: frames - color of frame
  2072.   * +4: dword: grab - color of header
  2073.   * +8: dword: grab_button - color of button on header bar
  2074.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: grab_button_text - color of text on button
  2075.     on header bar
  2076.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: grab_text - color of text on header
  2077.   * +20 = +0x14: dword: work - color of working area
  2078.   * +24 = +0x18: dword: work_button - color of button in working area
  2079.   * +28 = +0x1C: dword: work_button_text - color of text on button
  2080.     in working area
  2081.   * +32 = +0x20: dword: work_text - color of text in working area
  2082.   * +36 = +0x24: dword: work_graph - color of graphics in working area
  2083. Remarks:
  2084.   * Structure of the color table is described in the standard
  2085.     include file 'macros.inc' as 'system_colors'; for example,
  2086.     it is possible to write:
  2087.         sc      system_colors           ; variable declaration
  2088.         ...                             ; somewhere one must call
  2089.                                         ; this function with ecx=sc
  2090.         mov     ecx, [sc.work_button_text]      ; read text color on
  2091.                                         ; buttin in working area
  2092.   * A program itself desides to use or not to use color table.
  2093.     For usage program must simply at calls to drawing functions select
  2094.     color taken from the table.
  2095.   * At change of the table of standard colors (by subfunction 2 with
  2096.     the subsequent application of changes by subfunction 0 or
  2097.     at skin set by subfunction 8) the system sends to all windows
  2098.     redraw message (the event with code 1).
  2099.   * Color table can be viewed/changed interactively with
  2100.     the application 'desktop'.
  2101.  
  2102. ======================================================================
  2103. ============ Function 48, subfunction 4 - get skin height. ===========
  2104. ======================================================================
  2105. Parameters:
  2106.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2107.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  2108. Returned value:
  2109.   * eax = skin height
  2110. Remarks:
  2111.   * Skin height is defined as the height of a header
  2112.     of skinned windows.
  2113.   * See also general structure of window in the description
  2114.     of function 0.
  2115.  
  2116. ======================================================================
  2117. ======== Function 48, subfunction 5 - get screen working area. =======
  2118. ======================================================================
  2119. Parameters:
  2120.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2121.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  2122. Returned value:
  2123.   * eax = [left]*65536 + [right]
  2124.   * ebx = [top]*65536 + [bottom]
  2125. Remarks:
  2126.   * The screen working area defines position and coordinates of
  2127.     a maximized window.
  2128.   * The screen working area in view of normal work is all screen
  2129.     without system panel (the application '@panel').
  2130.   * (left,top) are coordinates of the left upper corner,
  2131.     (right,bottom) are coordinates of the right lower one.
  2132.     Thus the size of working area on x axis can be calculated by
  2133.     formula right-left+1, on y axis - by formula bottom-right+1.
  2134.   * See also function 14,
  2135.     to get sizes of all screen.
  2136.   * There is a pair function to set working area - subfunction 6.
  2137.  
  2138. ======================================================================
  2139. ======== Function 48, subfunction 6 - set screen working area. =======
  2140. ======================================================================
  2141. Parameters:
  2142.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2143.   * ebx = 6 - subfunction number
  2144.   * ecx = [left]*65536 + [right]
  2145.   * edx = [top]*65536 + [bottom]
  2146. Returned value:
  2147.   * function does not return value
  2148. Remarks:
  2149.   * The screen working area defines position and coordinates of
  2150.     a maximized window.
  2151.   * This function is used only by the application '@panel',
  2152.     which set working area to all screen without system panel.
  2153.   * (left,top) are coordinates of the left upper corner,
  2154.     (right,bottom) are coordinates of the right lower one.
  2155.     Thus the size of working area on x axis can be calculated by
  2156.     formula right-left+1, on y axis - by formula bottom-right+1.
  2157.   * If 'left'>='right', x-coordinate of working area is not changed.
  2158.     If 'left'<0, 'left' will not be set. If 'right' is greater than or
  2159.     equal to screen width, 'right' will not be set.
  2160.     Similarly on y axis.
  2161.   * See also function 14,
  2162.     to get sizes of all screen.
  2163.   * There is a pair function to get working area - subfunction 5.
  2164.   * This function redraws the screen automatically,
  2165.     updating coordinates and sizes of maximized windows.
  2166.     The system sends to all windows redraw message (the event 1).
  2167.  
  2168. ======================================================================
  2169. =========== Function 48, subfunction 7 - get skin margins. ===========
  2170. ======================================================================
  2171. Returns the area of a header of a skinned window, intended for
  2172. a text of a header.
  2173. Parameters:
  2174.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2175.   * ebx = 7 - subfunction number
  2176. Returned value:
  2177.   * eax = [left]*65536 + [right]
  2178.   * ebx = [top]*65536 + [bottom]
  2179. Remarks:
  2180.   * An application decides itself to use or not to use this function.
  2181.   * It is recommended to take into account returned value
  2182.     of this function for choice of a place for drawing header text
  2183.     (by function 4) or a substitute of header text
  2184.     (at the discretion of an application).
  2185.  
  2186. ======================================================================
  2187. ============= Function 48, subfunction 8 - set used skin. ============
  2188. ======================================================================
  2189. Parameters:
  2190.   * eax = 48 - function number
  2191.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  2192.   * ecx = pointer to a block for function 58, in
  2193.     which the fields of intermediate buffer and file name are filled
  2194. Returned value:
  2195.   * eax = 0 - success
  2196.   * otherwise eax = file system error code; if file does not
  2197.     contain valid skin, function returns error 3
  2198.     (unknown file system).
  2199. Remarks:
  2200.   * After successful skin loading the system sends to all windows
  2201.     redraw message (the event 1).
  2202.   * At booting the system reads skin from file 'default.skn'
  2203.     on ramdisk.
  2204.   * User can change the skin statically by creating hisself
  2205.     'default.skn' or dynamically with the application 'desktop'.
  2206.  
  2207. ======================================================================
  2208. =========== Function 49 - Advanced Power Management (APM). ===========
  2209. ======================================================================
  2210. Parameters:
  2211.   * eax = 49 - function number
  2212.   * dx = number of the APM function
  2213.     (analogue of ax in APM specification)
  2214.   * bx, cx = parameters of the APM function
  2215. Returned value:
  2216.   * 16-bit registers ax, bx, cx, dx, si, di and carry flag CF
  2217.     are set according to the APM specification
  2218.   * high halves of 32-bit registers eax, ebx, ecx,
  2219.     edx, esi, edi are destroyed
  2220. Remarks:
  2221.   * APM 1.2 specification is described in the document
  2222.     "Advanced Power Management (APM) BIOS Specification"
  2223.     (Revision 1.2), available at
  2224.     http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/archive/amp_12.mspx;
  2225.     besides it is included in famous Interrupt List by Ralf Brown
  2226.     (http://www.pobox.com/~ralf/files.html,
  2227.     ftp://ftp.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/user/ralf/pub/).
  2228.  
  2229. ======================================================================
  2230. =================== Function 50 - set window shape. ==================
  2231. ======================================================================
  2232. Normal windows have rectangular shape. This function can give to
  2233. a window any shape. The shape is given by a set of points inside
  2234. the base rectangle belonging to a window. Position and coordinates
  2235. of the base rectangle are set by function 0
  2236. and changed by function 67.
  2237.  
  2238. --------------------------- Set shape data ---------------------------
  2239. Parameters:
  2240.   * eax = 50 - function number
  2241.   * ebx = 0 - subfunction number
  2242.   * ecx = pointer to shape data (array of bytes 0/1)
  2243. Returned value:
  2244.   * function does not return value
  2245.  
  2246. -------------------------- Set shape scale ---------------------------
  2247. Parameters:
  2248.   * eax = 50 - function number
  2249.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  2250.   * ecx sets a scale: each byte of data defines
  2251.     (2^scale)*(2^scale) pixels
  2252. Returned value:
  2253.   * function does not return value
  2254. Remarks:
  2255.   * Default scale is 0 (scale factor is 1). If in the shape data
  2256.     one byte corresponds to one pixel, there is no necessity
  2257.     to set scale.
  2258.   * Let's designate xsize = window width (in pixels), ysize = height;
  2259.     pay attention, that they are one pixel more than defined by
  2260.     functions 0, 67.
  2261.   * On definition of scale xsize and ysize must be divisible
  2262.     on 2^scale.
  2263.   * Byte of data on offset 'a' must be 0/1 and defines belonging
  2264.     to a window of square with the side 2^scale (if scale=0,
  2265.     this is one pixel) and coordinates of the left upper corner
  2266.     (a mod (xsize shr scale), a div (xsize shr scale))
  2267.   * Data size: (xsize shr scale)*(ysize shr scale).
  2268.   * Data must be presented in the memory and not change
  2269.     after set of shape.
  2270.   * The system views the shape data at every window redraw by
  2271.     function 0.
  2272.   * The call of subfunction 0 with NULL pointer results in return
  2273.     to the rectangular shape.
  2274.  
  2275. ======================================================================
  2276. ==================== Function 51 - create thread. ====================
  2277. ======================================================================
  2278. Parameters:
  2279.   * eax = 51 - function number
  2280.   * ebx = 1 - unique subfunction
  2281.   * ecx = address of thread entry point (starting eip)
  2282.   * edx = pointer to thread stack (starting esp)
  2283. Returned value:
  2284.   * eax = -1 - error (there is too many threads)
  2285.   * otherwise eax = TID - thread identifier
  2286.     </UL>
  2287.  
  2288. ======================================================================
  2289. === Function 52, subfunction 0 - get network driver configuration. ===
  2290. ======================================================================
  2291. Parameters:
  2292.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2293.   * ebx = 0 - subfunction number
  2294. Returned value:
  2295.   * eax = configuration dword
  2296. Remarks:
  2297.   * Configuration dword can be set by subfunction 2.
  2298.   * The kernel does not use this variable. The value of this
  2299.     variable and working with it subfunctions 0 and 2 is represented
  2300.     doubtful.
  2301.  
  2302. ======================================================================
  2303. ========= Function 52, subfunction 1 - get local IP-address. =========
  2304. ======================================================================
  2305. Parameters:
  2306.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2307.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  2308. Returned value:
  2309.   * eax = IP-address (4 bytes)
  2310. Remarks:
  2311.   * Local IP-address is set by subfunction 3.
  2312.  
  2313. ======================================================================
  2314. === Function 52, subfunction 2 - set network driver configuration. ===
  2315. ======================================================================
  2316. Parameters:
  2317.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2318.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  2319.   * ecx = configuration dword; if low 7 bits derivate the number 3,
  2320.     function [re-]initializes Ethernet-card, otherwise
  2321.     Ethernet turns off
  2322. Returned value:
  2323.   * if Ethernet-interface is not requested, function returns eax=2,
  2324.     but this can be changed in future kernel versions
  2325.   * if Ethernet-interface is requested, eax=0 means error
  2326.     (absence of Ethernet-card), and nonzero value - success
  2327. Remarks:
  2328.   * Configuration dword can be read by subfunction 0.
  2329.   * The kernel does not use this variable. The value of this
  2330.     variable, subfunction 0 and part of subfunction 2, which set it,
  2331.     is represented doubtful.
  2332.  
  2333. ======================================================================
  2334. ========= Function 52, subfunction 3 - set local IP-address. =========
  2335. ======================================================================
  2336. Parameters:
  2337.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2338.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  2339.   * ecx = IP-address (4 bytes)
  2340. Returned value:
  2341.   * the current implementation returns eax=3, but this can be changed
  2342.     in future versions
  2343. Remarks:
  2344.   * Local IP-address can be get by subfunction 1.
  2345.  
  2346. ======================================================================
  2347. = Function 52, subfunction 6 - add data to the stack of input queue. =
  2348. ======================================================================
  2349. Parameters:
  2350.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2351.   * ebx = 6 - subfunction number
  2352.   * edx = data size
  2353.   * esi = data pointer
  2354. Returned value:
  2355.   * eax = -1 - error
  2356.   * eax = 0 - success
  2357. Remarks:
  2358.   * This function is intended only for slow network drivers
  2359.     (PPP, SLIP).
  2360.   * Data size must not exceed 1500 bytes, though function
  2361.     performs no checks on correctness.
  2362.  
  2363. ======================================================================
  2364.  Function 52, subfunction 8 - read data from the network output queue.
  2365. ======================================================================
  2366. Parameters:
  2367.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2368.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  2369.   * esi = pointer to 1500-byte buffer
  2370. Returned value:
  2371.   * eax = number of read bytes (in the current implementation
  2372.     either 0 = no data or 1500)
  2373.   * data was copied in buffer
  2374. Remarks:
  2375.   * This function is intended only for slow network drivers
  2376.     (PPP, SLIP).
  2377.  
  2378. ======================================================================
  2379. ============ Function 52, subfunction 9 - get gateway IP. ============
  2380. ======================================================================
  2381. Parameters:
  2382.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2383.   * ebx = 9 - subfunction number
  2384. Returned value:
  2385.   * eax = gateway IP (4 bytes)
  2386.  
  2387. ======================================================================
  2388. =========== Function 52, subfunction 10 - get subnet mask. ===========
  2389. ======================================================================
  2390. Parameters:
  2391.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2392.   * ebx = 10 - subfunction number
  2393. Returned value:
  2394.   * eax = subnet mask
  2395.  
  2396. ======================================================================
  2397. ============ Function 52, subfunction 11 - set gateway IP. ===========
  2398. ======================================================================
  2399. Parameters:
  2400.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2401.   * ebx = 11 - subfunction number
  2402.   * ecx = gateway IP (4 bytes)
  2403. Returned value:
  2404.   * the current implementation returns eax=11, but this can be changed
  2405.     in future versions
  2406.  
  2407. ======================================================================
  2408. =========== Function 52, subfunction 12 - set subnet mask. ===========
  2409. ======================================================================
  2410. Parameters:
  2411.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2412.   * ebx = 12 - subfunction number
  2413.   * ecx = subnet mask
  2414. Returned value:
  2415.   * the current implementation returns eax=12, but this can be changed
  2416.     in future versions
  2417.  
  2418. ======================================================================
  2419. ============== Function 52, subfunction 13 - get DNS IP. =============
  2420. ======================================================================
  2421. Parameters:
  2422.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2423.   * ebx = 13 - subfunction number
  2424. Returned value:
  2425.   * eax = DNS IP (4 bytes)
  2426.  
  2427. ======================================================================
  2428. ============== Function 52, subfunction 14 - set DNS IP. =============
  2429. ======================================================================
  2430. Parameters:
  2431.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2432.   * ebx = 14 - subfunction number
  2433.   * ecx = DNS IP (4 bytes)
  2434. Returned value:
  2435.   * the current implementation returns eax=14, but this can be changed
  2436.     in future versions
  2437.  
  2438. ======================================================================
  2439. ======== Function 52, subfunction 15 - get local MAC address. ========
  2440. ======================================================================
  2441. Parameters:
  2442.   * eax = 52 - function number
  2443.   * ebx = 15 - subfunction number
  2444.   * ecx = 0 - read first 4 bytes,
  2445.     ecx = 4 - read last 2 bytes
  2446. Returned value:
  2447.   * for ecx=0: eax = first 4 bytes of MAC address
  2448.   * for ecx=4: ax = last 2 bytes of MAC address,
  2449.                high half of eax is destroyed
  2450.   * for other ecx: eax = -1 indicates an error
  2451.  
  2452. ======================================================================
  2453. ============ Function 53, subfunction 0 - open UDP-socket. ===========
  2454. ======================================================================
  2455. Parameters:
  2456.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2457.   * ebx = 0 - subfunction number
  2458.   * ecx = local port (only low word is taken into account),
  2459.     ecx = 0 - let the system choose a port
  2460.   * edx = remote port (only low word is taken into account)
  2461.   * esi = remote IP
  2462. Returned value:
  2463.   * eax = -1 = 0xFFFFFFFF - error; ebx destroyed
  2464.   * eax = socket handle (some number which unambiguously identifies
  2465.     socket and have sense only for the system) - success;
  2466.     ebx destroyed
  2467.  
  2468. ======================================================================
  2469. =========== Function 53, subfunction 1 - close UDP-socket. ===========
  2470. ======================================================================
  2471. Parameters:
  2472.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2473.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  2474.   * ecx = socket handle
  2475. Returned value:
  2476.   * eax = -1 - incorrect handle
  2477.   * eax = 0 - success
  2478.   * ebx destroyed
  2479. Remarks:
  2480.   * The current implementation does not close automatically all
  2481.     sockets of a thread at termination. In particular, one should not
  2482.     kill a thread with many opened sockets - there will be an outflow
  2483.     of resources.
  2484.  
  2485. ======================================================================
  2486. ============== Function 53, subfunction 2 - poll socket. =============
  2487. ======================================================================
  2488. Parameters:
  2489.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2490.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  2491.   * ecx = socket handle
  2492. Returned value:
  2493.   * eax = number of read bytes, 0 for incorrect handle
  2494.   * ebx destroyed
  2495.  
  2496. ======================================================================
  2497. ========= Function 53, subfunction 3 - read byte from socket. ========
  2498. ======================================================================
  2499. Parameters:
  2500.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2501.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  2502.   * ecx = socket handle
  2503. Returned value:
  2504.   * if there is no read data or handle is incorrect: eax=0, bl=0,
  2505.     other bytes of ebx are destroyed
  2506.   * if there are read data: eax=number of rest bytes
  2507.     (possibly 0), bl=read byte, other bytes of ebx are destroyed
  2508.  
  2509. ======================================================================
  2510. ========== Function 53, subfunction 4 - write to UDP-socket. =========
  2511. ======================================================================
  2512. Parameters:
  2513.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2514.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  2515.   * ecx = socket handle
  2516.   * edx = number of bytes to write
  2517.   * esi = pointer to data to write
  2518. Returned value:
  2519.   * eax = 0xffffffff - error (invalid handle or not enough memory)
  2520.   * eax = 0 - success
  2521.   * ebx destroyed
  2522. Remarks:
  2523.   * Number of bytes to write must not exceed 1500-28, though
  2524.     the appropriate check is not made.
  2525.  
  2526. ======================================================================
  2527. ============ Function 53, subfunction 5 - open TCP-socket. ===========
  2528. ======================================================================
  2529. Parameters:
  2530.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2531.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  2532.   * ecx = local port (only low word is taken into account),
  2533.     ecx = 0 - let the system choose a port
  2534.   * edx = remote port (only low word is taken into account)
  2535.   * esi = remote IP
  2536.   * edi = open mode: SOCKET_PASSIVE=0 or SOCKET_ACTIVE=1
  2537. Returned value:
  2538.   * eax = -1 = 0xFFFFFFFF - error; ebx destroys
  2539.   * eax = socket handle (some number which unambiguously identifies
  2540.     socket and have sense only for the system) - success;
  2541.     ebx destroyed
  2542.  
  2543. ======================================================================
  2544. ========= Function 53, subfunction 6 - get TCP-socket status. ========
  2545. ======================================================================
  2546. Parameters:
  2547.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2548.   * ebx = 6 - subfunction number
  2549.   * ecx = socket handle
  2550. Returned value:
  2551.   * eax = 0 for incorrect handle or socket status: one of
  2552.   * TCB_LISTEN = 1
  2553.   * TCB_SYN_SENT = 2
  2554.   * TCB_SYN_RECEIVED = 3
  2555.   * TCB_ESTABLISHED = 4
  2556.   * TCB_FIN_WAIT_1 = 5
  2557.   * TCB_FIN_WAIT_2 = 6
  2558.   * TCB_CLOSE_WAIT = 7
  2559.   * TCB_CLOSING = 8
  2560.   * TCB_LAST_ASK = 9
  2561.   * TCB_TIME_WAIT = 10
  2562.   * TCB_CLOSED = 11
  2563.   * ebx destroyed
  2564.  
  2565. ======================================================================
  2566. ========== Function 53, subfunction 7 - write to TCP-socket. =========
  2567. ======================================================================
  2568. Parameters:
  2569.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2570.   * ebx = 7 - subfunction number
  2571.   * ecx = socket handle
  2572.   * edx = number of bytes to write
  2573.   * esi = pointer to data to write
  2574. Returned value:
  2575.   * eax = 0xffffffff - error (invalid handle or not enough memory)
  2576.   * eax = 0 - success
  2577.   * ebx destroyed
  2578. Remarks:
  2579.   * Number of bytes to write must not exceed 1500-40, though
  2580.     the appropriate check is not made.
  2581.  
  2582. ======================================================================
  2583. =========== Function 53, subfunction 8 - close TCP-socket. ===========
  2584. ======================================================================
  2585. Parameters:
  2586.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2587.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  2588.   * ecx = socket handle
  2589. Returned value:
  2590.   * eax = -1 - error (invalid handle or
  2591.     not enough memory for socket close packet)
  2592.   * eax = 0 - success
  2593.   * ebx destroyed
  2594. Remarks:
  2595.   * The current implementation does not close automatically all
  2596.     sockets of a thread at termination. In particular, one should not
  2597.     kill a thread with many opened sockets - there will be an outflow
  2598.     of resources.
  2599.  
  2600. ======================================================================
  2601. === Function 53, subfunction 9 - check whether local port is free. ===
  2602. ======================================================================
  2603. Parameters:
  2604.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2605.   * ebx = 9 - subfunction number
  2606.   * ecx = local port number (low 16 bits are used only)
  2607. Returned value:
  2608.   * eax = 0 - port is used
  2609.   * eax = 1 - port is free
  2610.   * ebx destroyed
  2611.  
  2612. ======================================================================
  2613. ===== Function 53, subfunction 10 - query Ethernet cable status. =====
  2614. ======================================================================
  2615. Parameters:
  2616.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2617.   * ebx = 10 - subfunction number
  2618. Returned value:
  2619.   * al = -1 - a network driver is not loaded or
  2620.               does not support this function
  2621.   * al = 0 - Ethernet cable is unplugged
  2622.   * al = 1 - Ethernet cable is plugged
  2623.   * ebx destroyed
  2624. Remarks:
  2625.   * The current kernel implementation supports this function
  2626.     only for RTL8139 network cards.
  2627.  
  2628. ======================================================================
  2629. ======= Function 53, subfunction 11 - read network stack data. =======
  2630. ======================================================================
  2631. Paramters:
  2632.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2633.   * ebx = 11 - subfunction number
  2634.   * ecx = socket handle
  2635.   * edx = pointer to buffer
  2636.   * esi = number of bytes to read;
  2637.   * esi = 0 - read all data (maximum 4096 bytes)
  2638. Returned value:
  2639.   * eax = number of bytes read (0 for incorrect handle)
  2640.   * ebx destroyed
  2641.  
  2642. ======================================================================
  2643. = Function 53, subfunction 255 - debug information of network driver.
  2644. ======================================================================
  2645. Parameters:
  2646.   * eax = 53 - function number
  2647.   * ebx = 255 - subfunction number
  2648.   * ecx = type of requested information (see below)
  2649. Returned value:
  2650.   * eax = requested information
  2651.   * ebx destroyed
  2652. Possible values for ecx:
  2653.   * 100: length of queue 0 (empty queue)
  2654.   * 101: length of queue 1 (ip-out queue)
  2655.   * 102: length of queue 2 (ip-in queue)
  2656.   * 103: length of queue 3 (net1out queue)
  2657.   * 200: number of items in the ARP table
  2658.   * 201: size of the ARP table (in items) (20 for current version)
  2659.   * 202: read item at edx of the ARP table to the temporary buffer,
  2660.     whence 5 following types take information;
  2661.     in this case eax is not defined
  2662.   * 203: IP-address saved by type 202
  2663.   * 204: high dword of MAC-address saved by type 202
  2664.   * 205: low word of MAC-address saved by type 202
  2665.   * 206: status word saved by type 202
  2666.   * 207: ttl word saved by type 202
  2667.   * 2: total number of received IP-packets
  2668.   * 3: total number of transferred IP-packets
  2669.   * 4: total number of dumped received packets
  2670.   * 5: total number of received ARP-packets
  2671.   * 6: status of packet driver, 0=inactive, nonzero=active
  2672.  
  2673. ======================================================================
  2674.  Function 55, subfunction 55 - begin to play data on built-in speaker.
  2675. ======================================================================
  2676. Parameters:
  2677.   * eax = 55 - function number
  2678.   * ebx = 55 - subfunction number
  2679.   * esi = pointer to data
  2680. Returned value:
  2681.   * eax = 0 - success
  2682.   * eax = 55 - error (speaker is off or busy)
  2683. Data is an array of items with variable length.
  2684. Format of each item is defined by first byte:
  2685.   * 0 = end of data
  2686.   * 1..0x80 = sets sound duration on 1/100 of second; sound note
  2687.     is defined by immediate value of frequency
  2688.     * following word (2 bytes) contains frequency divider;
  2689.       frequency is defined as 1193180/divider
  2690.   * 0x81 = invalid
  2691.   * 0x82..0xFF = note is defined by octave and number:
  2692.     * duration in 1/100 of second = (first byte)-0x81
  2693.     * there is one more byte;
  2694.     * (second byte)=0xFF - delay
  2695.     * otherwise it looks like a*0x10+b, where b=number of the note in
  2696.       an octave from 1 to 12, a=number of octave (beginning from 0)
  2697. Remarks:
  2698.   * Speaker play can be disabled/enabled by
  2699.     subfunction 8 of function 18.
  2700.   * Function returns control, having informed the system
  2701.     an information on request. Play itself goes independently from
  2702.     the program.
  2703.   * The data must be kept in the memory at least up to the end
  2704.     of play.
  2705.  
  2706. ======================================================================
  2707. ======================= Function 57 - PCI BIOS. ======================
  2708. ======================================================================
  2709. Parameters:
  2710.   * eax = 57 - function number
  2711.   * ebp corresponds to al in PCI BIOS specification
  2712.   * other registers are set according to PCI BIOS specification
  2713. Returned value:
  2714.   * CF is undefined
  2715.   * other registers are set according to PCI BIOS specification
  2716. Remarks:
  2717.   * Many effects of this function can be also achieved with
  2718.     corresponding subfunctions of function 62.
  2719.   * The function calls PCI32 BIOS extension, documented e.g. in
  2720.     http://alpha1.dyns.net/files/PCI/bios21.pdf.
  2721.   * If BIOS does not support this extension, its behavior is emulated
  2722.     (through kernel-mode analogues of subfunctions of function 62).
  2723.  
  2724. ======================================================================
  2725. ================ Function 58 - work with file system. ================
  2726. ======================================================================
  2727. Parameters:
  2728.   * eax = 58
  2729.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  2730. Returned value:
  2731.   * eax = 0 - success; otherwise file system error code
  2732.   * some subfunctions return value in other registers too
  2733. General format of the information structure:
  2734.   * +0: dword: subfunction number
  2735.   * +4: dword: number of block
  2736.   * +8: dword: size
  2737.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: pointer to data
  2738.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to a memory for system operations
  2739.     (4096 bytes)
  2740.   * +20 = +0x14: n db: ASCIIZ-string with the file name
  2741. Specifications - in documentation on the appropriate subfunction.
  2742. Filename is case-insensitive for latin letters, russian letters
  2743. must be capital.
  2744. Format of filename:
  2745. /base/number/dir1/dir2/.../dirn/file,
  2746. where /base/number identifies device, on which file is located:
  2747. one of
  2748.   * /RD/1 = /RAMDISK/1 to access ramdisk
  2749.   * /FD/1 = /FLOPPYDISK/1 to access first floppy drive,
  2750.     /FD/2 = /FLOPPYDISK/2 to access second one
  2751.   * /HD/x = /HARDDISK/x - obsolete variant of access to hard disk
  2752.     (in this case base is defined by subfunction 7 of function 21),
  2753.     x - partition number (beginning from 1)
  2754.   * /HD0/x, /HD1/x, /HD2/x, /HD3/x to access accordingly to devices
  2755.     IDE0 (Primary Master), IDE1 (Primary Slave),
  2756.     IDE2 (Secondary Master), IDE3 (Secondary Slave);
  2757.     x - partition number on the selected hard drive, varies from 1
  2758.     to 255 (on each hard drive the indexing starts from 1)
  2759. Remarks:
  2760.   * In the first two cases it is also possible to use FIRST
  2761.     instead of 1, SECOND instead of 2, but it is not recommended
  2762.     for convenience of transition to the future extensions.
  2763.   * Limitation n<=39 is imposed.
  2764.   * Names of folders and file dir1,...,dirn,file must have the
  2765.     format 8.3: name no more than 8 characters, dot, extension no
  2766.     more than 3 characters. Trailing spaces are ignored, no other
  2767.     spaces is allowed. If name occupies equally 8 characters,
  2768.     dot may be omitted (though it is not recommended to use this
  2769.     feature for convenience of transition to the future extensions).
  2770.   * This function does not support folders on ramdisk.
  2771. Examples:
  2772.   * '/RAMDISK/FIRST/KERNEL.ASM',0
  2773.     '/rd/1/kernel.asm',0
  2774.   * '/HD0/1/kernel.asm',0
  2775.   * '/hd0/1/menuet/pics/tanzania.bmp',0
  2776. Existing subfunctions:
  2777.   * subfunction 0 - read file/folder
  2778.   * subfunction 8 - LBA-read from device
  2779.   * subfunction 15 - get file system information
  2780.  
  2781. ======================================================================
  2782. =========== Function 58, subfunction 0 - read file/folder. ===========
  2783. ======================================================================
  2784. Parameters:
  2785.   * eax = 58
  2786.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  2787. Format of the information structure:
  2788.   * +0: dword: 0 = subfunction number
  2789.   * +4: dword: first block to read (beginning from 0)
  2790.   * +8: dword: amount of blocks to read
  2791.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: pointer to buffer for data
  2792.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer for system operations
  2793.     (4096 bytes)
  2794.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  2795.     given in the general description
  2796. Returned value:
  2797.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  2798.   * ebx = file size (in bytes) or -1=0xffffffff, if file was not found
  2799. Remarks:
  2800.   * Block size is 512 bytes.
  2801.   * This function is obsolete, for reading files use subfunction 0
  2802.     of function 70, for reading folders - subfunction 1 of
  2803.     function 70.
  2804.   * Function can read contents of a folder. Only FAT file system is
  2805.     supported. The format of FAT-folder is described
  2806.     in any FAT documentation.
  2807.   * Size of a folder is determined by size of FAT clusters chain.
  2808.   * If file was ended before last requested block was read,
  2809.     the function will read as many as it can, and after that return
  2810.     eax=6 (EOF).
  2811.   * Function can read root folders /rd/1,/fd/x,/hd[n]/x, but
  2812.     in the first two cases the current implementation does not follow
  2813.     to the declared rules:
  2814.     for /rd/1:
  2815.     * if one want to read 0 blocks, function considers,
  2816.       that he requested 1;
  2817.     * if one requests more than 14 blocks or starting block is
  2818.       not less than 14, function returns eax=5 (not found) è ebx=-1;
  2819.     * size of ramdisk root folder is 14 blocks,
  2820.       0x1C00=7168 áàéò; but function returns ebx=0
  2821.       (except of the case of previous item);
  2822.     * strangely enough, it is possible to read 14th block (which
  2823.       generally contains a garbage - I remind, the indexing begins
  2824.       from 0);
  2825.     * if some block with the number not less than 14 was requested,
  2826.       function returns eax=6(EOF); otherwise eax=0.
  2827.     For /fd/x:
  2828.     * if the start block is not less than 14, function returns
  2829.       eax=5 (not found) and ebx=0;
  2830.     * note that format of FAT12 allows floppies with the root size
  2831.       more or less than 14 blocks;
  2832.     * check for length is not performed;
  2833.     * if data was successful read, function returns
  2834.       eax=0,ebx=0; otherwise eax=10 (access denied), ebx=-1.
  2835.   * The function handles reading of special folders /,/rd,/fd,/hd[n];
  2836.     but the result does not correspond to expected (on operations with
  2837.     normal files/folders), does not follow the declared rules,
  2838.     may be changed in future versions of the kernel and consequently
  2839.     is not described. To obtain the information about the equipment
  2840.     use subfunction 11 of function 18 or
  2841.     read corresponding folder with subfunction 1 of function 70.
  2842.  
  2843. ======================================================================
  2844. ========= Function 58, subfunction 8 - LBA-read from device. =========
  2845. ======================================================================
  2846. Parameters:
  2847.   * eax = 58 - function number
  2848.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  2849. Format of the information structure:
  2850.   * +0: dword: 8 = subfunction number
  2851.   * +4: dword: number of block to read (beginning from 0)
  2852.   * +8: dword: ignored (set to 1)
  2853.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: pointer to buffer for data (512 bytes)
  2854.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer for system operations
  2855.     (4096 bytes)
  2856.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of device: case-insensitive, one of
  2857.     /rd/1 = /RamDisk/1, /hd/n = /HardDisk/n,
  2858.     1<=n<=4 - number of device: 1=IDE0, ..., 4=IDE3.
  2859.     Instead of digits it is allowed, though not recommended for
  2860.     convenience of transition to future extensions, to use
  2861.     'first','second','third','fourth'.
  2862. Returned value:
  2863.   * for device name /hd/xxx, where xxx is not in the list above:
  2864.     * eax = ebx = 1
  2865.   * for invalid device name (except for the previous case):
  2866.     * eax = 5
  2867.     * ebx does not change
  2868.   * if LBA-access is disabled by subfunction 11 of function 21:
  2869.     * eax = 2
  2870.     * ebx destroyed
  2871.   * for ramdisk: attempt to read block outside ramdisk
  2872.     (18*2*80 blocks) results in
  2873.     * eax = 3
  2874.     * ebx = 0
  2875.   * for successful read:
  2876.     * eax = ebx = 0
  2877. Remarks:
  2878.   * Block size is 512 bytes; function reads one block.
  2879.   * Do not depend on returned value, it can be changed
  2880.     in future versions.
  2881.   * Function requires that LBA-access to devices is enabled by
  2882.     subfunction 11 of function 21. To check this one can use
  2883.     subfunction 11 of function 26.
  2884.   * LBA-read of floppy is not supported.
  2885.   * Function reads data on physical hard drive; if for any reason
  2886.     data of the concrete partition are required, application must
  2887.     define starting sector of this partition (either directly
  2888.     through MBR, or from the full structure returned by
  2889.     ïîäôóíêöèåé 11 ôóíêöèè 18).
  2890.   * Function does not check error code of hard disk, so request of
  2891.     nonexisting sector reads something (most probably it will be
  2892.     zeroes, but this is defined by device) and this is considered
  2893.     as success (eax=0).
  2894.  
  2895. ======================================================================
  2896. ==== Function 58, subfunction 15 - get information on file system. ===
  2897. ======================================================================
  2898. Parameters:
  2899.   * eax = 58 - function number
  2900.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  2901. Format of the information structure:
  2902.   * +0: dword: 15 = subfunction number
  2903.   * +4: dword: ignored
  2904.   * +8: dword: ignored
  2905.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: ignored
  2906.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: ignored
  2907.   * +20 = +0x14: (only second character is checked)
  2908.     /rd=/RAMDISK or /hd=/HARDDISK
  2909. Returned value:
  2910.   * if the second character does not belong to set {'r','R','h','H'}:
  2911.     * eax = 3
  2912.     * ebx = ecx = dword [fileinfo] = 0
  2913.   * for ramdisk:
  2914.     * eax = 0 (success)
  2915.     * ebx = total number of clusters = 2847
  2916.     * ecx = number of free clusters
  2917.     * dword [fileinfo] = cluster size = 512
  2918.   * for hard disk: base and partition are defined by subfunctions
  2919.     7 and 8 of function 21:
  2920.     * eax = 0 (success)
  2921.     * ebx = total number of clusters
  2922.     * ecx = number of free clusters
  2923.     * dword [fileinfo] = cluster size (in bytes)
  2924. Remarks:
  2925.   * Be not surprised to strange layout of 4th returned parameter
  2926.     - when this code was writing, at system calls application got
  2927.     only registers eax,ebx,ecx (from pushad-structure transmitted
  2928.     as argument to the system function). Now it is corrected, so,
  2929.     probably, it is meaningful to return cluster size in edx, while
  2930.     this function is not used yet.
  2931.   * There exists also subfunction 11 of function 18,
  2932.     which returns information on file system. From the full table
  2933.     of disk subsystem it is possible to deduce cluster size (there
  2934.     it is stored in sectors) and total number of clusters
  2935.     for hard disks.
  2936.  
  2937. ======================================================================
  2938. ========== Function 60 - Inter Process Communication (IPC). ==========
  2939. ======================================================================
  2940. IPC is used for message dispatching from one process/thread to
  2941. another. Previously it is necessary to agree how to interpret
  2942. the concrete message.
  2943.  
  2944. ----------- Subfunction 1 - set the area for IPC receiving -----------
  2945. Is called by process-receiver.
  2946. Parameters:
  2947.   * eax = 60 - function number
  2948.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  2949.   * ecx = pointer to the buffer
  2950.   * edx = size of the buffer
  2951. Returned value:
  2952.   * eax = 0 - always success
  2953. Format of IPC-buffer:
  2954.   * +0: dword: if nonzero, buffer is considered locked;
  2955.     lock/unlock the buffer, when you work with it and need that
  2956.     buffer data are not changed from outside (no new messages)
  2957.   * +4: dword: occupied place in the buffer (in bytes)
  2958.   * +8: first message
  2959.   * +8+n: second message
  2960.   * ...
  2961. Format of a message:
  2962.   * +0: dword: PID of sender
  2963.   * +4: dword: message length (not including this header)
  2964.   * +8: n*byte: message data
  2965.  
  2966. ------------------ Subfunction 2 - send IPC message ------------------
  2967. Is called by process-sender.
  2968. Parameters:
  2969.   * eax = 60 - function number
  2970.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  2971.   * ecx = PID of receiver
  2972.   * edx = pointer to the message data
  2973.   * esi = message length (in bytes)
  2974. Returned value:
  2975.   * eax = 0 - success
  2976.   * eax = 1 - the receiver has not defined buffer for IPC messages
  2977.     (can be, still have no time,
  2978.     and can be, this is not right process)
  2979.   * eax = 2 - the receiver has blocked IPC-buffer; try to wait a bit
  2980.   * eax = 3 - overflow of IPC-buffer of the receiver
  2981.   * eax = 4 - process/thread with such PID does not exist
  2982. Remarks:
  2983.   * Immediately after writing of IPC-message to the buffer the system
  2984.     sends to the receiver the event with code 7 (see event codes).
  2985.  
  2986. ======================================================================
  2987. ==== Function 61 - get parameters for the direct graphics access. ====
  2988. ======================================================================
  2989. The data of the graphics screen (the memory area which displays
  2990. screen contents) are accessible to a program directly, without
  2991. any system calls, through the selector gs:
  2992.         mov     eax, [gs:0]
  2993. places in eax the first dword of the buffer, which contains
  2994. information on color of the left upper point (and, possibly, colors
  2995. of several following).
  2996.         mov     [gs:0], eax
  2997. by work in VESA modes with LFB sets color of the left upper point
  2998. (and, possibly, colors of several following).
  2999. To interpret the data of graphics screen program needs to know
  3000. some parameters, returning by this function.
  3001. Remarks:
  3002.   * Graphics parameters changes very seldom at work,
  3003.     namely, only in cases, when user works with the application VRR.
  3004.   * At videomode change the system redraws all windows (event
  3005.     with code 1) and redraws the background (event 5).
  3006.     Same events occur in other cases too, which meet much more often,
  3007.     than videomode change.
  3008.   * By operation in videomodes with LFB the selector gs points to
  3009.     LFB itself, so reading/writing on gs result directly in
  3010.     change of screen contents. By operation in videomodes without
  3011.     LFB gs points to some data area in the kernel, and all functions
  3012.     of screen output fulfil honesty double operation on writing
  3013.     directly to the screen and writing to this buffer. In result
  3014.     at reading contents of this buffer the results correspond to
  3015.     screen contents (with, generally speaking, large color
  3016.     resolution), and writing is ignored.
  3017.     One exception is the mode 320*200, for which main loop of the
  3018.     system thread updates the screen according to mouse movements.
  3019.  
  3020. ------------------------- Screen resolution --------------------------
  3021. Parameters:
  3022.   * eax = 61 - function number
  3023.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  3024. Returned value:
  3025.   * eax = [resolution on x axis]*65536 + [resolution on y axis]
  3026. Remarks:
  3027.   * One can use function 14 paying attention that
  3028.     it returns sizes on 1 pixel less. It is fully equivalent way.
  3029.  
  3030. ---------------------- Number of bits per pixel ----------------------
  3031. Parameters:
  3032.   * eax = 61 - function number
  3033.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  3034. Returned value:
  3035.   * eax = number of bits per pixel (24 or 32)
  3036.  
  3037. -------------------- Number of bytes per scanline --------------------
  3038. Parameters:
  3039.   * eax = 61 - function number
  3040.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  3041. Returned value:
  3042.   * eax = number of bytes occupied by one scanline
  3043.     (horizontal line on the screen)
  3044.  
  3045. ======================================================================
  3046. ===== Function 62, subfunction 0 - get version of PCI-interface. =====
  3047. ======================================================================
  3048. Parameters:
  3049.   * eax = 62 - function number
  3050.   * bl = 0 - subfunction number
  3051. Returned value:
  3052.   * eax = -1 - PCI access is disabled; otherwise
  3053.   * ah.al = version of PCI-interface (ah=version, al=subversion)
  3054.   * high word of eax is zeroed
  3055. Remarks:
  3056.   * Previously low-level access to PCI for applications must be
  3057.     enabled by subfunction 12 of function 21.
  3058.   * If PCI BIOS is not supported, the value of ax is undefined.
  3059.  
  3060. ======================================================================
  3061. ==== Function 62, subfunction 1 - get number of the last PCI-bus. ====
  3062. ======================================================================
  3063. Parameters:
  3064.   * eax = 62 - function number
  3065.   * bl = 1 - subfunction number
  3066. Returned value:
  3067.   * eax = -1 - access to PCI is disabled; otherwise
  3068.   * al = number of the last PCI-bus; other bytes of eax are destroyed
  3069. Remarks:
  3070.   * Previously low-level access to PCI for applications must be
  3071.     enabled by subfunction 12 of function 21.
  3072.   * If PCI BIOS is not supported, the value of ax is undefined.
  3073.  
  3074. ======================================================================
  3075. ===================== Function 62, subfunction 2 =====================
  3076. ===== Get mechanism of addressing to the PCI configuration space. ====
  3077. ======================================================================
  3078. Parameters:
  3079.   * eax = 62 - function number
  3080.   * bl = 2 - subfunction number
  3081. Returned value:
  3082.   * eax = -1 - access to PCI is disabled; otherwise
  3083.   * al = mechanism (1 or 2); other bytes of eax are destroyed
  3084. Remarks:
  3085.   * Previously low-level access to PCI for applications must be
  3086.     enabled by subfunction 12 of function 21.
  3087.   * Addressing mechanism is selected depending on
  3088.     equipment characteristics.
  3089.   * Subfunctions of read and write work automatically
  3090.     with the selected mechanism.
  3091.  
  3092. ======================================================================
  3093. ======== Function 62, subfunctions 4,5,6 - read PCI-register. ========
  3094. ======================================================================
  3095. Parameters:
  3096.   * eax = 62 - function number
  3097.   * bl = 4 - read byte
  3098.   * bl = 5 - read word
  3099.   * bl = 6 - read dword
  3100.   * bh = number of PCI-bus
  3101.   * ch = dddddfff, where ddddd = number of the device on the bus,
  3102.     fff = function number of device
  3103.   * cl = number of register (must be even for bl=5,
  3104.     divisible by 4 for bl=6)
  3105. Returned value:
  3106.   * eax = -1 - error (access to PCI is disabled or parameters
  3107.     are not supported); otherwise
  3108.   * al/ax/eax (depending on requested size) contains the data;
  3109.     the other part of register eax is destroyed
  3110. Remarks:
  3111.   * Previously low-level access to PCI for applications must be
  3112.     enabled by subfunction 12 of function 21.
  3113.   * Access mechanism 2 supports only 16 devices on a bus and ignores
  3114.     function number. To get access mechanism use subfunction 2.
  3115.   * Some registers are standard and exist for all devices, some are
  3116.     defined by the concrete device. The list of registers of the
  3117.     first type can be found e.g. in famous
  3118.     Interrupt List by Ralf Brown
  3119.     (http://www.pobox.com/~ralf/files.html,
  3120.     ftp://ftp.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/user/ralf/pub/);
  3121.     registers of the second type must be listed
  3122.     in the device documentation.
  3123.  
  3124. ======================================================================
  3125. ====== Function 62, subfunctions 8,9,10 - write to PCI-register. =====
  3126. ======================================================================
  3127. Parameters:
  3128.   * eax = 62 - function number
  3129.   * bl = 8 - write byte
  3130.   * bl = 9 - write word
  3131.   * bl = 10 - write dword
  3132.   * bh = number of PCI-bus
  3133.   * ch = dddddfff, where ddddd = number of the device on the bus,
  3134.     fff = function number of device
  3135.   * cl = number of register (must be even for bl=9,
  3136.     divisible by 4 for bl=10)
  3137.   * dl/dx/edx (depending on requested size) contatins
  3138.     the data to write
  3139. Returned value:
  3140.   * eax = -1 - error (access to PCI is disabled or parameters
  3141.     are not supported)
  3142.   * eax = 0 - success
  3143. Remarks:
  3144.   * Previously low-level access to PCI for applications must be
  3145.     enabled by subfunction 12 of function 21.
  3146.   * Access mechanism 2 supports only 16 devices on a bus and ignores
  3147.     function number. To get access mechanism use subfunction 2.
  3148.   * Some registers are standard and exist for all devices, some are
  3149.     defined by the concrete device. The list of registers of the
  3150.     first type can be found e.g. in famous Interrupt List by
  3151.     Ralf Brown; registers of the second type must be listed
  3152.     in the device documentation.
  3153.  
  3154. ======================================================================
  3155. ============== Function 63 - work with the debug board. ==============
  3156. ======================================================================
  3157. The debug board is the global system buffer (with the size
  3158. 1024 bytes), to which any program can write (generally speaking,
  3159. arbitrary) data and from which other program can read these data.
  3160. By the agreement written data are text strings interpreted as
  3161. debug messages on a course of program execution. The kernel in
  3162. some situations also writes to the debug board information on
  3163. execution of some functions; by the agreement kernel messages
  3164. begins from the prefix "K : ".
  3165. For view of the debug board the application 'board' was created,
  3166. which reads data from the buffer and displays them in its window.
  3167. 'board' interpretes the sequence of codes 13,10 as newline.
  3168. A character with null code in an end of line is not necessary,
  3169. but also does not prevent.
  3170. Because debugger has been written, the value of the debug board
  3171. has decreased, as debugger allows to inspect completely a course of
  3172. program execution without any efforts from the direction of program
  3173. itself. Nevertheless in some cases the debug board is still useful.
  3174.  
  3175. ----------------------------- Write byte -----------------------------
  3176. Parameters:
  3177.   * eax = 63 - function number
  3178.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  3179.   * cl = data byte
  3180. Returned value:
  3181.   * function does not return value
  3182. Remarks:
  3183.   * Byte is written to the buffer. Buffer size is 512 bytes.
  3184.     At buffer overflow all obtained data are lost.
  3185.   * For output to the debug board of more complicated objects
  3186.     (strings, numbers) it is enough to call this function in cycle.
  3187.     It is possible not to write the appropriate code manually and use
  3188.     file 'debug.inc', which is included into the distributive.
  3189.  
  3190. ----------------------------- Read byte ------------------------------
  3191. Takes away byte from the buffer.
  3192. Parameters:
  3193.   * eax = 63 - function number
  3194.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  3195. Returned value:
  3196.   * eax = ebx = 0 - the buffer is empty
  3197.   * eax = byte, ebx = 1 - byte was successfully read
  3198.  
  3199. ======================================================================
  3200. ============== Function 64 - resize application memory. ==============
  3201. ======================================================================
  3202. Parameters:
  3203.   * eax = 64 - function number
  3204.   * ebx = 1 - unique subfunction
  3205.   * ecx = new memory size
  3206. Returned value:
  3207.   * eax = 0 - success
  3208.   * eax = 1 - not enough memory
  3209. Remarks:
  3210.   * There is another way to dynamically allocate/free memory -
  3211.     subfunctions 11, 12, 13 of function 68.
  3212.   * The function cannot be used together with 68.11, 68.12, 68.13.
  3213.     The function call will be ignored after creation of process heap
  3214.     with function 68.11.
  3215.  
  3216. ======================================================================
  3217. ======== Function 65 - draw image with palette in the window. ========
  3218. ======================================================================
  3219. Parameters:
  3220.   * eax = 65 - function number
  3221.   * ebx = pointer to the image
  3222.   * ecx = [size on axis x]*65536 + [size on axis y]
  3223.   * edx = [coordinate on axis x]*65536 + [coordinate on axis y]
  3224.   * esi = number of bits per pixel, must be 1,2,4,8,15,16,24 or 32
  3225.   * edi = pointer to palette (2 to the power esi colors 0x00RRGGBB);
  3226.           ignored when esi > 8
  3227.   * ebp = offset of next row data relative to previous row data
  3228. Returned value:
  3229.   * function does not return value
  3230. Remarks:
  3231.   * Coordinates of the image are coordinates of the upper left corner
  3232.     of the image relative to the window.
  3233.   * Format of image with 1 bit per pixel: each byte of image
  3234.     (possibly excluding last bytes in rows), contains information on
  3235.     the color of 8 pixels, MSB corresponds to first pixel.
  3236.   * Format of image with 2 bits per pixel: each byte of image
  3237.     (possibly excluding last bytes in rows), contains information on
  3238.     the color of 4 pixels, two MSBs correspond to first pixel.
  3239.   * Format of image with 4 bits per pixel: each byte of image
  3240.     excluding last bytes in rows (if width is odd) contains
  3241.     information on the color of 2 pixels, high-order tetrad
  3242.     corresponds to first pixel.
  3243.   * Format of image with 8 bits per pixel: each byte of image is
  3244.     index in the palette.
  3245.   * Format of image with 15 bits per pixel: the color of each pixel
  3246.     is coded as (bit representation) 0RRRRRGGGGGBBBBB - 5 bits per
  3247.     each color.
  3248.   * Format of image with 16 bits per pixel: the color of each pixel
  3249.     is coded as RRRRRGGGGGGBBBBB (5+6+5).
  3250.   * Format of image with 24 bits per pixel: the color of each pixel
  3251.     is coded as 3 bytes - sequentially blue, green, red components.
  3252.   * Format of image with 32 bits per pixel: similar to 24, but
  3253.     one additional ignored byte is present.
  3254.   * The call to function 7 is equivalent to call to this function
  3255.     with esi=24, ebp=0.
  3256.  
  3257. ======================================================================
  3258. ================== Function 66 - work with keyboard. =================
  3259. ======================================================================
  3260. The input mode influences results of reading keys by function 2.
  3261. When a program loads, ASCII input mode is set for it.
  3262.  
  3263. -------------- Subfunction 1 - set keyboard input mode. --------------
  3264. Parameters:
  3265.   * eax = 66 - function number
  3266.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  3267.   * ecx = mode:
  3268.     * 0 = normal (ASCII-characters)
  3269.     * 1 = scancodes
  3270. Returned value:
  3271.   * function does not return value
  3272.  
  3273. -------------- Subfunction 2 - get keyboard input mode. --------------
  3274. Parameters:
  3275.   * eax = 66 - function number
  3276.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  3277. Returned value:
  3278.   * eax = current mode
  3279.  
  3280. ------------ Subfunction 3 - get status of control keys. -------------
  3281. Parameters:
  3282.   * eax = 66 - function number
  3283.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  3284. Returned value:
  3285.   * eax = bit mask:
  3286.   * bit 0 (mask 1): left Shift is pressed
  3287.   * bit 1 (mask 2): right Shift is pressed
  3288.   * bit 2 (mask 4): left Ctrl is pressed
  3289.   * bit 3 (mask 8): right Ctrl is pressed
  3290.   * bit 4 (mask 0x10): left Alt is pressed
  3291.   * bit 5 (mask 0x20): right Alt is pressed
  3292.   * bit 6 (mask 0x40): CapsLock is on
  3293.   * bit 7 (mask 0x80): NumLock is on
  3294.   * bit 8 (mask 0x100): ScrollLock is on
  3295.   * other bits are cleared
  3296.  
  3297. -------------- Subfunction 4 - set system-wide hotkey. ---------------
  3298. When hotkey is pressed, the system notifies only those applications,
  3299. which have installed it; the active application (which receives
  3300. all normal input) does not receive such keys.
  3301. The notification consists in sending event with the code 2.
  3302. Reading hotkey is the same as reading normal key - by function 2.
  3303. Parameters:
  3304.   * eax = 66 - function number
  3305.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  3306.   * cl determines key scancode;
  3307.     use cl=0 to give combinations such as Ctrl+Shift
  3308.   * edx = 0xXYZ determines possible states of control keys:
  3309.     * Z (low 4 bits) determines state of LShift and RShift:
  3310.       * 0 = no key must be pressed;
  3311.       * 1 = exactly one key must be pressed;
  3312.       * 2 = both keys must be pressed;
  3313.       * 3 = must be pressed LShift, but not RShift;
  3314.       * 4 = must be pressed RShift, but not LShift
  3315.     * Y - similar for LCtrl and RCtrl;
  3316.     * X - similar for LAlt and RAlt
  3317. Returned value:
  3318.   * eax=0 - success
  3319.   * eax=1 - too mant hotkeys (maximum 256 are allowed)
  3320. Remarks:
  3321.   * Hotkey can work either at pressing or at release. Release
  3322.     scancode of a key is more on 128 than pressing scancode
  3323.     (i.e. high bit is set).
  3324.   * Several applications can set the same combination;
  3325.     all such applications will be informed on pressing
  3326.     such combination.
  3327.  
  3328. -------------- Subfunction 5 - delete installed hotkey. --------------
  3329. Parameters:
  3330.   * eax = 66 - function number
  3331.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  3332.   * cl = scancode of key and edx = 0xXYZ the same as in subfunction 4
  3333. Returned value:
  3334.   * eax = 0 - success
  3335.   * eax = 1 - there is no such hotkey
  3336. Remarks:
  3337.   * When a process/thread terminates, all hotkey installed by it are
  3338.     deleted.
  3339.   * The call to this subfunction does not affect other applications.
  3340.     If other application has defined the same combination, it will
  3341.     still receive notices.
  3342.  
  3343. ======================================================================
  3344. ========= Function 67 - change position/sizes of the window. =========
  3345. ======================================================================
  3346. Parameters:
  3347.   * eax = 67 - function number
  3348.   * ebx = new x-coordinate of the window
  3349.   * ecx = new y-coordinate of the window
  3350.   * edx = new x-size of the window
  3351.   * esi = new y-size of the window
  3352. Returned value:
  3353.   * function does not return value
  3354. Remarks:
  3355.   * The value -1 for a parameter means "do not change"; e.g. to move
  3356.     the window without resizing it is possible to specify edx=esi=-1.
  3357.   * Previously the window must be defined by function 0.
  3358.     It sets initial coordinates and sizes of the window.
  3359.   * Sizes of the window are understood in sense of function 0,
  3360.     that is one pixel less than real sizes.
  3361.   * The function call for maximized windows is simply ignored.
  3362.   * For windows of appropriate styles position and/or sizes can be
  3363.     changed by user; current position and sizes can be obtained by
  3364.     call to function 9.
  3365.   * The function sends to the window redraw event (with the code 1).
  3366.  
  3367. ======================================================================
  3368. ====== Function 68, subfunction 0 - get the task switch counter. =====
  3369. ======================================================================
  3370. Parameters:
  3371.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3372.   * ebx = 0 - subfunction number
  3373. Returned value:
  3374.   * eax = number of task switches from the system booting
  3375.     (modulo 2^32)
  3376.  
  3377. ======================================================================
  3378. ======= Function 68, subfunction 1 - switch to the next thread. ======
  3379. ======================================================================
  3380. The function completes the current time slice allocated to the
  3381. thread and switches to the next. (Which thread in which process
  3382. will be next, is unpredictable). Later, when execution queue
  3383. will reach the current thread, execution will be continued.
  3384. Parameters:
  3385.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3386.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  3387. Returned value:
  3388.   * function does not return value
  3389.  
  3390. ======================================================================
  3391. ============= Function 68, subfunction 2 - cache + rdpmc. ============
  3392. ======================================================================
  3393. Parameters:
  3394.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3395.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  3396.   * ecx = required action:
  3397.     * ecx = 0 - enable instruction 'rdpmc'
  3398.       (ReaD Performance-Monitoring Counters) for applications
  3399.     * ecx = 1 - find out whether cache is disabled/enabled
  3400.     * ecx = 2 - enable cache
  3401.     * ecx = 3 - disable cache
  3402. Returned value:
  3403.   * for ecx=0:
  3404.     * eax = the value of cr4
  3405.   * for ecx=1:
  3406.     * eax = (cr0 and 0x60000000):
  3407.     * eax = 0 - cache is on
  3408.     * eax <> 0 - cache is off
  3409.   * for ecx=2 and ecx=3:
  3410.     * function does not return value
  3411.  
  3412. ======================================================================
  3413. =========== Function 68, subfunction 3 - read MSR-register. ==========
  3414. ======================================================================
  3415. MSR = Model Specific Register; the complete list of MSR-registers
  3416. of a processor is included to the documentation on it (for example,
  3417. IA-32 Intel Architecture Software Developer's Manual,
  3418. Volume 3, Appendix B); each processor family has its own subset
  3419. of the MSR-registers.
  3420. Parameters:
  3421.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3422.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  3423.   * ecx is ignored
  3424.   * edx = MSR address
  3425. Returned value:
  3426.   * ebx:eax = high:low dword of the result
  3427. Remarks:
  3428.   * If ecx contains nonexistent or not implemented for this processor
  3429.     MSR, processor will generate an exception in the kernel, which
  3430.     will kill the thread.
  3431.   * Previously it is necessary to check, whether MSRs are supported
  3432.     as a whole, with the instruction 'cpuid'. Otherwise processor
  3433.     will generate other exception in the kernel, which will anyway
  3434.     kill the thread.
  3435.  
  3436. ======================================================================
  3437. ========= Function 68, subfunction 4 - write to MSR-register. ========
  3438. ======================================================================
  3439. MSR = Model Specific Register; the complete list of MSR-registers
  3440. of a processor is included to the documentation on it (for example,
  3441. IA-32 Intel Architecture Software Developer's Manual,
  3442. Volume 3, Appendix B); each processor family has its own subset
  3443. of the MSR-registers.
  3444. Parameters:
  3445.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3446.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  3447.   * ecx is ignored
  3448.   * edx = MSR address
  3449.   * esi:edi = high:low dword
  3450. Returned value:
  3451.   * function does not return value
  3452. Remarks:
  3453.   * If ecx contains nonexistent or not implemented for this processor
  3454.     MSR, processor will generate an exception in the kernel, which
  3455.     will kill the thread.
  3456.   * Previously it is necessary to check, whether MSRs are supported
  3457.     as a whole, with the instruction 'cpuid'. Otherwise processor
  3458.     will generate other exception in the kernel, which will anyway
  3459.     kill the thread.
  3460.  
  3461. ======================================================================
  3462. ======= Function 68, subfunction 11 - initialize process heap. =======
  3463. ======================================================================
  3464. Parameters:
  3465.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3466.   * ebx = 11 - subfunction number
  3467. Returned value:
  3468.   * eax = 0 - failed
  3469.   * otherwise size of created heap
  3470. Remarks:
  3471.   * The function call initializes heap, from which one can in future
  3472.     allocate and free memory blocks with subfunctions 12 and 13.
  3473.     Heap size is equal to total amount of free application memory.
  3474.   * The second function call from the same process results in
  3475.     returning the size of the existing heap.
  3476.   * After creation of the heap calls to function 64 will be ignored.
  3477.  
  3478. ======================================================================
  3479. ======== Function 68, subfunction 12 - allocate memory block. ========
  3480. ======================================================================
  3481. Parameters:
  3482.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3483.   * ebx = 12 - subfunction number
  3484.   * ecx = required size in bytes
  3485. Returned value:
  3486.   * eax = pointer to the allocated block
  3487. Remarks:
  3488.   * Before this call one must initialize process heap by call to
  3489.     subfunction 11.
  3490.   * The function allocates an integer number of pages (4 Kb) in such
  3491.     way that the real size of allocated block is more than or equal to
  3492.     requested size.
  3493.  
  3494. ======================================================================
  3495. ========== Function 68, subfunction 13 - free memory block. ==========
  3496. ======================================================================
  3497. Parameters:
  3498.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3499.   * ebx = 13 - subfunction number
  3500.   * ecx = pointer to the memory block
  3501. Returned value:
  3502.   * eax = 1 - success
  3503.   * eax = 0 - failed
  3504. Remarks:
  3505.   * The memory block must have been allocated by subfunction 12
  3506.     or subfunction 20.
  3507.  
  3508. ======================================================================
  3509. ===================== Function 68, subfunction 14 ====================
  3510. ============ Wait for signal from another program/driver. ============
  3511. ======================================================================
  3512. Parameters:
  3513.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3514.   * ebx = 14 - subfunction number
  3515.   * ecx = pointer to the buffer for information (24 bytes)
  3516. Returned value:
  3517.   * buffer pointed to by ecx contains the following information:
  3518.     * +0: dword: identifier for following data of signal
  3519.     * +4: dword: data of signal (20 bytes), format of which is defined
  3520.           by the first dword
  3521.  
  3522. ======================================================================
  3523. ============= Function 68, subfunction 16 - load driver. =============
  3524. ======================================================================
  3525. Parameters:
  3526.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3527.   * ebx = 16 - subfunction number
  3528.   * ecx = pointer to ASCIIZ-string with driver name
  3529. Returned value:
  3530.   * eax = 0 - failed
  3531.   * otherwise eax = driver handle
  3532. Remarks:
  3533.   * If the driver was not loaded yet, it is loaded;
  3534.     if the driver was loaded yet, nothing happens.
  3535.   * Driver name is case-sensitive.
  3536.     Maximum length of the name is 16 characters, including
  3537.     terminating null character, the rest is ignored.
  3538.   * Driver ABC is loaded from file /rd/1/drivers/ABC.obj.
  3539.  
  3540. ======================================================================
  3541. ============ Function 68, subfunction 17 - driver control. ===========
  3542. ======================================================================
  3543. Parameters:
  3544.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3545.   * ebx = 17 - subfunction number
  3546.   * ecx = pointer to the control structure:
  3547.     * +0: dword: handle of driver
  3548.     * +4: dword: code of driver function
  3549.     * +8: dword: pointer to input data
  3550.     * +12 = +0xC: dword: size of input data
  3551.     * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to output data
  3552.     * +20 = +0x14: dword: size of output data
  3553. Returned value:
  3554.   * eax = determined by driver
  3555. Remarks:
  3556.   * Function codes and the structure of input/output data
  3557.     are defined by driver.
  3558.   * Previously one must obtain driver handle by subfunction 16.
  3559.  
  3560. ======================================================================
  3561. =============== Function 68, subfunction 19 - load DLL. ==============
  3562. ======================================================================
  3563. Parameters:
  3564.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3565.   * ebx = 19 - subfunction number
  3566.   * ecx = pointer to ASCIIZ-string with the full path to DLL
  3567. Returned value:
  3568.   * eax = 0 - failed
  3569.   * otherwise eax = pointer to DLL export table
  3570. Remarks:
  3571.   * Export table is an array of structures of 2 dword's, terminated
  3572.     by zero. The first dword in structure points to function name,
  3573.     the second dword contains address of function.
  3574.  
  3575. ======================================================================
  3576. ======= Function 68, subfunction 20 - reallocate memory block. =======
  3577. ======================================================================
  3578. Parameters:
  3579.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3580.   * ebx = 20 - subfunction number
  3581.   * ecx = new size in bytes
  3582.   * edx = pointer to already allocated block
  3583. Returned value:
  3584.   * eax = pointer to the reallocated block, 0 = error
  3585. Remarks:
  3586.   * Before this call one must initialize process heap by call to
  3587.     subfunction 11.
  3588.   * The function allocates an integer number of pages (4 Kb) in such
  3589.     way that the real size of allocated block is more than or equal to
  3590.     requested size.
  3591.   * If edx=0, the function call is equivalent to memory allocation
  3592.     with subfunction 12. Otherwise the block at edx
  3593.     must be allocated earlier with subfunction 12 or this subfunction.
  3594.   * If ecx=0, the function frees memory block at edx and returns 0.
  3595.   * The contents of the block are unchanged up to the shorter of
  3596.     the new and old sizes.
  3597.  
  3598. ======================================================================
  3599. ======== Function 68, subfunction 22 - open named memory area. =======
  3600. ======================================================================
  3601. Parameters:
  3602.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3603.   * ebx = 22 - subfunction number
  3604.   * ecx = area name. Maximum of 31 characters with terminating zero
  3605.   * edx = area size in bytes for SHM_CREATE and SHM_OPEN_ALWAYS
  3606.   * esi = flags for open and access:
  3607.     * SHM_OPEN        = 0x00 - open existing memory area. If an area
  3608.                           with such name does not exist, the function
  3609.                           will return error code 5.
  3610.     * SHM_OPEN_ALWAYS = 0x04 - open existing or create new
  3611.                           memory area.
  3612.     * SHM_CREATE      = 0x08 - create new memory area. If an area
  3613.                           with such name already exists, the function
  3614.                           will return error code 10.
  3615.     * SHM_READ        = 0x00 - only read access
  3616.     * SHM_WRITE       = 0x01 - read and write access
  3617. Returned value:
  3618.   * eax = pointer to memory area, 0 if error has occured
  3619.   * if new area is created (SHM_CREATE or SHM_OPEN_ALWAYS):
  3620.     edx = 0 - success, otherwise - error code
  3621.   * if existing area is opened (SHM_OPEN or SHM_OPEN_ALWAYS):
  3622.     edx = error code (if eax=0) or area size in bytes
  3623. Error codes:
  3624.   * E_NOTFOUND = 5
  3625.   * E_ACCESS = 10
  3626.   * E_NOMEM = 30
  3627.   * E_PARAM = 33
  3628. Remarks:
  3629.   * Before this call one must initialize process heap by call to
  3630.     subfunction 11.
  3631.   * If a new area is created, access flags set maximal rights
  3632.     for other processes. An attempt from other process to open
  3633.     with denied rights will fail with error code E_ACCESS.
  3634.   * The process which has created an area always has write access.
  3635.  
  3636. ======================================================================
  3637. ======= Function 68, subfunction 23 - close named memory area. =======
  3638. ======================================================================
  3639. Parameters:
  3640.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3641.   * ebx = 23 - subfunction number
  3642.   * ecx = area name. Maximum of 31 characters with terminating zero
  3643. Returned value:
  3644.   * eax destroyed
  3645. Remarks:
  3646.   * A memory area is physically freed (with deleting all data and
  3647.     freeing physical memory), when all threads which have opened
  3648.     this area will close it.
  3649.   * When thread is terminating, all opened by it areas are closed.
  3650.  
  3651. ======================================================================
  3652. ======== Function 68, subfunction 24 - set exception handler. ========
  3653. ======================================================================
  3654. Parameters:
  3655.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3656.   * ebx = 24 - subfunction number
  3657.   * ecx = address of the new exception handler
  3658.   * edx = the mask of handled exceptions
  3659. Returned value:
  3660.   * eax = address of the old exception handler (0, if it was not set)
  3661.   * ebx = the old mask of handled exceptions
  3662. Remarks:
  3663.   * Bit number in mask of exceptions corresponds to exception number
  3664.     in CPU-specification (Intel-PC). For example, FPU exceptions have
  3665.     number 16 (#MF), and SSE exceptions - 19 (#XF).
  3666.   * The current implementation ignores the inquiry for hook of 7
  3667.     exception - the system handles #NM by its own.
  3668.   * The exception handler is called with exception number as first
  3669.     (and only) stack parameter. So, correct exit from the handler is
  3670.     RET 4. It returns to the instruction, that caused the exception,
  3671.     for faults, and to the next instruction for traps (see
  3672.     classification of exceptions in CPU specification).
  3673.   * When user handler receives control, the corresponding bit in
  3674.     the exception mask is cleared. Raising this exception
  3675.     in consequence leads to default handling, that is,
  3676.     terminating the application in absence of debugger or
  3677.     suspend with notification of debugger otherwise.
  3678.   * After user handler completes critical operations, it can set
  3679.     the corresponding bit in the exception mask with subfunction 25.
  3680.     Also user handler is responsible for clearing exceptions flags in
  3681.     FPU and/or SSE.
  3682.  
  3683. ======================================================================
  3684. ====== Function 68, subfunction 25 - set FPU exception handler. ======
  3685. ======================================================================
  3686. Parameters:
  3687.   * eax = 68 - function number
  3688.   * ebx = 25 - subfunction number
  3689.   * ecx = signal number
  3690.   * edx = value of activity (0/1)
  3691. Returned value:
  3692.   * eax = -1 - invalid signal number
  3693.   * otherwise eax = old value of activity for this signal (0/1)
  3694. Remarks:
  3695.   * In current implementation only mask for user excepton handler,
  3696.     which has been previously set by subfunction 24,
  3697.     is changed. Signal number corresponds to exception number.
  3698.  
  3699. ======================================================================
  3700. ====================== Function 69 - debugging. ======================
  3701. ======================================================================
  3702. A process can load other process as debugged by set of corresponding
  3703. bit by call to subfunction 7 of function 70.
  3704. A process can have only one debugger; one process can debug some
  3705. others. The system notifies debugger on events occuring with
  3706. debugged process. Messages are written to the buffer defined by
  3707. subfunction 0.
  3708. Format of a message:
  3709.   * +0: dword: message code
  3710.   * +4: dword: PID of debugged process
  3711.   * +8: there can be additional data depending on message code
  3712. Message codes:
  3713.   * 1 = exception
  3714.     * in addition dword-number of the exception is given
  3715.     * process is suspended
  3716.   * 2 = process has terminated
  3717.     * comes at any termination: both through the system function -1,
  3718.       and at "murder" by any other process (including debugger itself)
  3719.   * 3 = debug exception int 1 = #DB
  3720.     * in addition dword-image of the register DR6 is given:
  3721.       * bits 0-3: condition of the corresponding breakpoint (set by
  3722.         subfunction 9) is satisfied
  3723.       * áèò 14: exception has occured because of the trace mode
  3724.         (flag TF is set TF)
  3725.     * process is suspended
  3726. When debugger terminates, all debugged processes are killed.
  3727. If debugger does not want this, it must previously detach by
  3728. subfunction 3.
  3729.  
  3730. All subfunctions are applicable only to processes/threads started
  3731. from the current by function 70 with set debugging flag.
  3732. Debugging of multithreaded programs is not supported yet.
  3733. The full list of subfunctions:
  3734.   * subfunction 0 - define data area for debug messages
  3735.   * subfunction 1 - get contents of registers of debugged thread
  3736.   * subfunction 2 - set contents of registers of debugged thread
  3737.   * subfunction 3 - detach from debugged process
  3738.   * subfunction 4 - suspend debugged thread
  3739.   * subfunction 5 - resume debugged thread
  3740.   * subfunction 6 - read from the memory of debugged process
  3741.   * subfunction 7 - write to the memory of debugged process
  3742.   * subfunction 8 - terminate debugged thread
  3743.   * subfunction 9 - set/clear hardware breakpoint
  3744.  
  3745. ======================================================================
  3746. = Function 69, subfunction 0 - define data area fror debug messages. =
  3747. ======================================================================
  3748. Parameters:
  3749.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3750.   * ebx = 0 - subfunction number
  3751.   * ecx = pointer
  3752. Format of data area:
  3753.   * +0: dword: N = buffer size (not including this header)
  3754.   * +4: dword: occupied place
  3755.   * +8: N*byte: buffer
  3756. Returned value:
  3757.   * function does not return value
  3758. Remarks:
  3759.   * If the size field is negative, the buffer is considered locked
  3760.     and at arrival of new message the system will wait.
  3761.     For synchronization frame all work with the buffer by operations
  3762.     lock/unlock
  3763.         neg     [bufsize]
  3764.   * Data in the buffer are considered as array of items with variable
  3765.     length - messages. Format of a message is explained in
  3766.     general description.
  3767.  
  3768. ======================================================================
  3769. ===================== Function 69, subfunction 1 =====================
  3770. ============ Get contents of registers of debugged thread. ===========
  3771. ======================================================================
  3772. Parameters:
  3773.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3774.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  3775.   * ecx = thread identifier
  3776.   * edx = size of context structure, must be 0x28=40 bytes
  3777.   * esi = pointer to context structure
  3778. Returned value:
  3779.   * function does not return value
  3780. Format of context structure: (FPU is not supported yet)
  3781.   * +0: dword: eip
  3782.   * +4: dword: eflags
  3783.   * +8: dword: eax
  3784.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: ecx
  3785.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: edx
  3786.   * +20 = +0x14: dword: ebx
  3787.   * +24 = +0x18: dword: esp
  3788.   * +28 = +0x1C: dword: ebp
  3789.   * +32 = +0x20: dword: esi
  3790.   * +36 = +0x24: dword: edi
  3791. Remarks:
  3792.   * If the thread executes code of ring-0, the function returns
  3793.     contents of registers of ring-3.
  3794.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  3795.     general description).
  3796.  
  3797. ======================================================================
  3798. ===================== Function 69, subfunction 2 =====================
  3799. ============ Set contents of registers of debugged thread. ===========
  3800. ======================================================================
  3801. Parameters:
  3802.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3803.   * ebx = 2 - subfunction number
  3804.   * ecx = thread identifier
  3805.   * edx = size of context structure, must be 0x28=40 bytes
  3806. Returned value:
  3807.   * function does not return value
  3808. Format of context structure is shown in the description of
  3809. subfunction 1.
  3810. Remarks:
  3811.   * If the thread executes code of ring-0, the function returns
  3812.     contents of registers of ring-3.
  3813.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  3814.     general description).
  3815.  
  3816. ======================================================================
  3817. ===== Function 69, subfunction 3 - detach from debugged process. =====
  3818. ======================================================================
  3819. Parameters:
  3820.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3821.   * ebx = 3 - subfunction number
  3822.   * ecx = identifier
  3823. Returned value:
  3824.   * function does not return value
  3825. Remarks:
  3826.   * If the process was suspended, it resumes execution.
  3827.  
  3828. ======================================================================
  3829. ======== Function 69, subfunction 4 - suspend debugged thread. =======
  3830. ======================================================================
  3831. Parameters:
  3832.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3833.   * ebx = 4 - subfunction number
  3834.   * ecx = thread identifier
  3835. Returned value:
  3836.   * function does not return value
  3837. Remarks:
  3838.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  3839.     general description).
  3840.  
  3841. ======================================================================
  3842. ======== Function 69, subfunction 5 - resume debugged thread. ========
  3843. ======================================================================
  3844. Parameters:
  3845.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3846.   * ebx = 5 - subfunction number
  3847.   * ecx = thread identifier
  3848. Returned value:
  3849.   * function does not return value
  3850. Remarks:
  3851.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  3852.     general description).
  3853.  
  3854. ======================================================================
  3855. = Fucntion 69, subfunction 6 - read from memory of debugged process. =
  3856. ======================================================================
  3857. Parameters:
  3858.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3859.   * ebx = 6 - subfunction number
  3860.   * ecx = identifier
  3861.   * edx = number of bytes to read
  3862.   * esi = address in the memory of debugged process
  3863.   * edi = pointer to buffer for data
  3864. Returned value:
  3865.   * eax = -1 at an error (invalid PID or buffer)
  3866.   * otherwise eax = number of read bytes (possibly, 0,
  3867.     if esi is too large)
  3868. Remarks:
  3869.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  3870.     general description).
  3871.  
  3872. ======================================================================
  3873. == Function 69, subfunction 7 - write to memory of debugged process. =
  3874. ======================================================================
  3875. Parameters:
  3876.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3877.   * ebx = 7 - subfunction number
  3878.   * ecx = identifier
  3879.   * edx = number of bytes to write
  3880.   * esi = address of memory in debugged process
  3881.   * edi = pointer to data
  3882. Returned value:
  3883.   * eax = -1 at an error (invalid PID or buffer)
  3884.   * otherwise eax = number of written bytes (possibly, 0,
  3885.     if esi is too large)
  3886. Remarks:
  3887.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  3888.     general description).
  3889.  
  3890. ======================================================================
  3891. ======= Function 69, subfunction 8 - terminate debugged thread. ======
  3892. ======================================================================
  3893. Parameters:
  3894.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3895.   * ebx = 8 - subfunction number
  3896.   * ecx = identifier
  3897. Returned value:
  3898.   * function does not return value
  3899. Remarks:
  3900.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  3901.     general description).
  3902.   * The function is similar to subfunction 2 of function 18
  3903.     with two differences: it requires first remark and
  3904.     accepts PID rather than slot number.
  3905.  
  3906. ======================================================================
  3907. ===== Function 69, subfunction 9 - set/clear hardware breakpoint. ====
  3908. ======================================================================
  3909. Parameters:
  3910.   * eax = 69 - function number
  3911.   * ebx = 9 - subfunction number
  3912.   * ecx = thread identifier
  3913.   * dl = index of breakpoint, from 0 to 3 inclusively
  3914.   * dh = flags:
  3915.     * if high bit is cleared - set breakpoint:
  3916.       * bits 0-1 - condition:
  3917.         * 00 = breakpoint on execution
  3918.         * 01 = breakpoint on read
  3919.         * 11 = breakpoint on read/write
  3920.       * bits 2-3 - length; for breakpoints on exception it must be
  3921.         00, otherwise one of
  3922.         * 00 = byte
  3923.         * 01 = word
  3924.         * 11 = dword
  3925.       * esi = breakpoint address; must be aligned according to
  3926.         the length (i.e. must be even for word breakpoints,
  3927.         divisible by 4 for dword)
  3928.     * if high bit is set - clear breakpoint
  3929. Returned value:
  3930.   * eax = 0 - success
  3931.   * eax = 1 - error in the input data
  3932.   * eax = 2 - (reserved, is never returned in the current
  3933.     implementation) a global breakpoint with that index is already set
  3934. Remarks:
  3935.   * Process must be loaded for debugging (as is shown in
  3936.     general description).
  3937.   * Hardware breakpoints are implemented through DRx-registers of
  3938.     the processor, all limitations results from this.
  3939.   * The function can reinstall the breakpoint, previously set
  3940.     by it (and it does not inform on this).
  3941.     Carry on the list of set breakpoints in the debugger.
  3942.   * Breakpoints generate debug exception #DB, on which the system
  3943.     notifies debugger.
  3944.   * Breakpoints on write and read/write act after
  3945.     execution of the caused it instruction.
  3946.  
  3947. ======================================================================
  3948. ==== Function 70 - work with file system with long names support. ====
  3949. ======================================================================
  3950. Parameters:
  3951.   * eax = 70
  3952.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  3953. Returned value:
  3954.   * eax = 0 - success; otherwise file system error code
  3955.   * some subfunctions return value in other registers too
  3956. General format of the information structure:
  3957.   * +0: dword: subfunction number
  3958.   * +4: dword: file offset
  3959.   * +8: dword: high dword of offset (must be 0) or flags field
  3960.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: size
  3961.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to data
  3962.   * +20 = +0x14: n db: ASCIIZ-string with the filename
  3963.     or
  3964.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  3965.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with the filename
  3966. Specifications - in documentation on the appropriate subfunction.
  3967. Filename is case-insensitive. Russian letters must be written in
  3968. the encoding cp866 (DOS).
  3969. Format of filename:
  3970. /base/number/dir1/dir2/.../dirn/file,
  3971. where /base/number identifies device, on which file is located:
  3972. one of
  3973.   * /RD/1 = /RAMDISK/1 to access ramdisk
  3974.   * /FD/1 = /FLOPPYDISK/1 to access first floppy drive,
  3975.     /FD/2 = /FLOPPYDISK/2 to access second one
  3976.   * /HD0/x, /HD1/x, /HD2/x, /HD3/x to access accordingly to devices
  3977.     IDE0 (Primary Master), IDE1 (Primary Slave),
  3978.     IDE2 (Secondary Master), IDE3 (Secondary Slave);
  3979.     x - partition number on the selected hard drive, varies from 1
  3980.     to 255 (on each hard drive the indexing starts from 1)
  3981.   * /CD0/1, /CD1/1, /CD2/1, /CD3/1 to access accordingly to
  3982.     CD on IDE0 (Primary Master), IDE1 (Primary Slave),
  3983.     IDE2 (Secondary Master), IDE3 (Secondary Slave)
  3984.   * /SYS means system folder; with the usual boot (from floppy)
  3985.     is equivalent to /RD/1
  3986. Examples:
  3987.   * '/rd/1/kernel.asm',0
  3988.   * '/HD0/1/kernel.asm',0
  3989.   * '/hd0/2/menuet/pics/tanzania.bmp',0
  3990.   * '/hd0/1/Program files/NameOfProgram/SomeFile.SomeExtension',0
  3991.   * '/sys/MySuperApp.ini',0
  3992. Also function supports relative names.  If the path begins not
  3993. with '/', it is considered relative to a current folder. To get or
  3994. set a current folder, use the function 30.
  3995.  
  3996. Available subfunctions:
  3997.   * subfunction 0 - read file
  3998.   * subfunction 1 - read folder
  3999.   * subfunction 2 - create/rewrite file
  4000.   * subfunction 3 - write to existing file
  4001.   * subfunction 4 - set file size
  4002.   * subfunction 5 - get attributes of file/folder
  4003.   * subfunction 6 - set attributes of file/folder
  4004.   * subfunction 7 - start application
  4005.   * subfunction 8 - delete file/folder
  4006.   * subfunction 9 - create folder
  4007. For CD-drives due to hardware limitations only subfunctions
  4008. 0,1,5 and 7 are available, other subfunctions return error
  4009. with code 2.
  4010. At the first call of subfunctions 0,1,5,7 to ATAPI devices
  4011. (CD and DVD) the manual control of tray is locked due to caching
  4012. drive data. Unlocking is made when subfunction 4 of function 24
  4013. is called for corresponding device.
  4014.  
  4015. ======================================================================
  4016. === Function 70, subfunction 0 - read file with long names support. ==
  4017. ======================================================================
  4018. Parameters:
  4019.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4020.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4021. Format of the information structure:
  4022.   * +0: dword: 0 = subfunction number
  4023.   * +4: dword: file offset (in bytes)
  4024.   * +8: dword: 0 (reserved for high dword of offset)
  4025.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: number of bytes to read
  4026.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer for data
  4027.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  4028.     given in the general description
  4029.     or
  4030.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4031.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4032. Returned value:
  4033.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4034.   * ebx = number of read bytes or -1=0xffffffff if file was not found
  4035. Remarks:
  4036.   * If file was ended before last requested block was read,
  4037.     the function will read as many as it can, and after that return
  4038.     eax=6 (EOF).
  4039.   * The function does not allow to read folder (returns eax=10,
  4040.     access denied).
  4041.  
  4042. ======================================================================
  4043. == Function 70, subfunction 1 - read folder with long names support. =
  4044. ======================================================================
  4045. Parameters:
  4046.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4047.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4048. Format of the information structure:
  4049.   * +0: dword: 1 = subfunction number
  4050.   * +4: dword: index of starting block (beginning from 0)
  4051.   * +8: dword: flags field:
  4052.     * bit 0 (mask 1): in what format to return names,
  4053.       0=ANSI, 1=UNICODE
  4054.     * other bits are reserved and must be set to 0 for the future
  4055.       compatibility
  4056.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: number of blocks to read
  4057.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer for data, buffer size
  4058.     must be not less than 32 + [+12]*560 bytes
  4059.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of folder, the rules of names forming are
  4060.     given in the general description
  4061.     or
  4062.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4063.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4064. Returned value:
  4065.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4066.   * ebx = number of files, information on which was written to
  4067.     the buffer, or -1=0xffffffff, if folder was not found
  4068. Structure of the buffer:
  4069.   * +0: 32*byte: header
  4070.   * +32 = +0x20: n1*byte: block with information on file 1
  4071.   * +32+n1: n2*byte: block with information on file 2
  4072.   * ...
  4073. Structure of header:
  4074.   * +0: dword: version of structure (current is 1)
  4075.   * +4: dword: number of placed blocks; is not greater than requested
  4076.     in the field +12 of information structure; can be less, if
  4077.     there are no more files in folder (the same as in ebx)
  4078.   * +8: dword: total number of files in folder
  4079.   * +12 = +0xC: 20*byte: reserved (zeroed)
  4080. Structure of block of data for folder entry (BDFE):
  4081.   * +0: dword: attributes of file:
  4082.     * bit 0 (mask 1): file is read-only
  4083.     * bit 1 (mask 2): file is hidden
  4084.     * bit 2 (mask 4): file is system
  4085.     * bit 3 (mask 8): this is not a file but volume label
  4086.       (for one partition meets no more than once and
  4087.       only in root folder)
  4088.     * bit 4 (mask 0x10): this is a folder
  4089.     * bit 5 (mask 0x20): file was not archived - many archivation
  4090.       programs have an option to archive only files with this bit set,
  4091.       and after archiving this bit is cleared - it can be useful
  4092.       for automatically creating of backup-archives as at writing
  4093.       this bit is usually set
  4094.   * +4: byte: type of name data:
  4095.     (coincides with bit 0 of flags in the information structure)
  4096.     * 0 = ASCII = 1-byte representation of each character
  4097.     * 1 = UNICODE = 2-byte representation of each character
  4098.   * +5: 3*byte: reserved (zero)
  4099.   * +8: 4*byte: time of file creation
  4100.   * +12 = +0xC: 4*byte: date of file creation
  4101.   * +16 = +0x10: 4*byte: time of last access (read or write)
  4102.   * +20 = +0x14: 4*byte: date of last access
  4103.   * +24 = +0x18: 4*byte: time of last modification
  4104.   * +28 = +0x1C: 4*byte: date of last modification
  4105.   * +32 = +0x20: qword: file size in bytes (up to 16777216 Tb)
  4106.   * +40 = +0x28: name
  4107.     * for ASCII format: maximum length is 263 characters
  4108.       (263 bytes), byte after the name has value 0
  4109.     * for UNICODE format: maximum length is 259 characters
  4110.       (518 bytes), 2 bytes after the name have value 0
  4111. Time format:
  4112.   * +0: byte: seconds
  4113.   * +1: byte: minutes
  4114.   * +2: byte: hours
  4115.   * +3: byte: reserved (0)
  4116.   * for example, 23.59.59 is written as (in hex) 3B 3B 17 00
  4117. Date format:
  4118.   * +0: byte: day
  4119.   * +1: byte: month
  4120.   * +2: word: year
  4121.   * for example, 25.11.1979 is written as (in hex) 19 0B BB 07
  4122. Remarks:
  4123.   * If BDFE contains ASCII name, the length of BDFE is 304 bytes,
  4124.     if UNICODE name - 560 bytes. Value of length is aligned
  4125.     on 16-byte bound (to accelerate processing in CPU cache).
  4126.   * First character after a name is zero (ASCIIZ-string). The further
  4127.     data contain garbage.
  4128.   * If files in folder were ended before requested number was read,
  4129.     the function will read as many as it can, and after that return
  4130.     eax=6 (EOF).
  4131.   * Any folder on the disk, except for root, contains two special
  4132.     entries "." and "..", identifying accordingly the folder itself
  4133.     and the parent folder.
  4134.   * The function allows also to read virtual folders "/", "/rd",
  4135.     "/fd", "/hd[n]", thus attributes of subfolders are set to 0x10,
  4136.     and times and dates are zeroed. An alternative way to get the
  4137.     equipment information - subfunction 11 of function 18.
  4138.  
  4139. ======================================================================
  4140. ===================== Function 70, subfunction 2 =====================
  4141. ============ Create/rewrite file with long names support. ============
  4142. ======================================================================
  4143. Parameters:
  4144.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4145.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4146. Format of the information structure:
  4147.   * +0: dword: 2 = subfunction number
  4148.   * +4: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4149.   * +8: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4150.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: number of bytes to read
  4151.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to data
  4152.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  4153.     given in the general description
  4154.     or
  4155.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4156.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4157. Returned value:
  4158.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4159.   * ebx = number of written bytes (possibly 0)
  4160. Remarks:
  4161.   * If a file with given name did not exist, it is created;
  4162.     if it existed, it is rewritten.
  4163.   * If there is not enough free space on disk, the function will
  4164.     write as many as can and then return error code 8.
  4165.   * The function is not supported for CD (returns error code 2).
  4166.  
  4167. ======================================================================
  4168. ===================== Function 70, subfunction 3 =====================
  4169. =========== Write to existing file with long names support. ==========
  4170. ======================================================================
  4171. Parameters:
  4172.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4173.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4174. Format of the information structure:
  4175.   * +0: dword: 3 = subfunction number
  4176.   * +4: dword: file offset (in bytes)
  4177.   * +8: dword: high dword of offset (must be 0 for FAT)
  4178.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: number of bytes to write
  4179.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to data
  4180.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  4181.     given in the general description
  4182.     or
  4183.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4184.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4185. Returned value:
  4186.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4187.   * ebx = number of written bytes (possibly 0)
  4188. Remarks:
  4189.   * The file must already exist, otherwise function returns eax=5.
  4190.   * The only result of write 0 bytes is update in the file attributes
  4191.     date/time of modification and access to the current date/time.
  4192.   * If beginning and/or ending position is greater than file size
  4193.     (except for the previous case), the file is expanded to needed
  4194.     size with zero characters.
  4195.   * The function is not supported for CD (returns error code 2).
  4196.  
  4197. ======================================================================
  4198. ============ Function 70, subfunction 4 - set end of file. ===========
  4199. ======================================================================
  4200. Parameters:
  4201.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4202.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4203. Format of the information structure:
  4204.   * +0: dword: 4 = subfunction number
  4205.   * +4: dword: low dword of new file size
  4206.   * +8: dword: high dword of new file size (must be 0 for FAT)
  4207.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4208.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4209.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  4210.     given in the general description
  4211.     or
  4212.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4213.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4214. Returned value:
  4215.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4216.   * ebx destroyed
  4217. Remarks:
  4218.   * If the new file size is less than old one, file is truncated.
  4219.     If the new size is greater than old one, file is expanded with
  4220.     characters with code 0. If the new size is equal to old one,
  4221.     the only result of call is set date/time of modification and
  4222.     access to the current date/time.
  4223.   * If there is not enough free space on disk for expansion, the
  4224.     function will expand to maximum possible size and then return
  4225.     error code 8.
  4226.   * The function is not supported for CD (returns error code 2).
  4227.  
  4228. ======================================================================
  4229. ==== Function 70, subfunction 5 - get information on file/folder. ====
  4230. ======================================================================
  4231. Parameters:
  4232.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4233.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4234. Format of the information structure:
  4235.   * +0: dword: 5 = subfunction number
  4236.   * +4: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4237.   * +8: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4238.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4239.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer for data (40 bytes)
  4240.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  4241.     given in the general description
  4242.     or
  4243.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4244.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4245. Returned value:
  4246.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4247.   * ebx destroyed
  4248. Information on file is returned in the BDFE format (block of data
  4249. for folder entry), explained in the description of
  4250. subfunction 1, but without filename
  4251. (i.e. only first 40 = 0x28 bytes).
  4252. Remarks:
  4253.   * The function does not support virtual folders such as /, /rd and
  4254.     root folders like /rd/1.
  4255.  
  4256. ======================================================================
  4257. ===== Function 70, subfunction 6 - set attributes of file/folder. ====
  4258. ======================================================================
  4259. Parameters:
  4260.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4261.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4262. Format of the information structure:
  4263.   * +0: dword: 6 = subfunction number
  4264.   * +4: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4265.   * +8: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4266.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4267.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: pointer to buffer with attributes (32 bytes)
  4268.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  4269.     given in the general description
  4270.     or
  4271.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4272.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4273. Returned value:
  4274.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4275.   * ebx destroyed
  4276. File attributes are first 32 bytes in BDFE (block of data
  4277. for folder entry), explained in the description of subfunction 1
  4278. (that is, without name and size of file). Attribute
  4279. file/folder/volume label (bits 3,4 in dword +0) is not changed.
  4280. Byte +4 (name format) is ignored.
  4281. Remarks:
  4282.   * The function does not support virtual folders such as /, /rd and
  4283.     root folders like /rd/1.
  4284.   * The function is not supported for CD (returns error code 2).
  4285.  
  4286. ======================================================================
  4287. =========== Function 70, subfunction 7 - start application. ==========
  4288. ======================================================================
  4289. Parameters:
  4290.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4291.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4292. Format of the information structure:
  4293.   * +0: dword: 7 = subfunction number
  4294.   * +4: dword: flags field:
  4295.     * áèò 0: start process as debugged
  4296.     * other bits are reserved and must be set to 0
  4297.   * +8: dword: 0 or pointer to ASCIIZ-string with parameters
  4298.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4299.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4300.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  4301.     given in the general description
  4302.     or
  4303.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4304.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4305. Returned value:
  4306.   * eax > 0 - program is loaded, eax contains PID
  4307.   * eax < 0 - an error has occured, -eax contains
  4308.     file system error code
  4309.   * ebx destroyed
  4310. Remarks:
  4311.   * Command line must be terminated by the character with the code 0
  4312.     (ASCIIZ-string); function takes into account either all characters
  4313.     up to terminating zero inclusively or first 256 character
  4314.     regarding what is less.
  4315.   * If the process is started as debugged, it is created in
  4316.     the suspended state; to run use subfunction 5 of function 69.
  4317.  
  4318. ======================================================================
  4319. ========== Function 70, subfunction 8 - delete file/folder. ==========
  4320. ======================================================================
  4321. Parameters:
  4322.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4323.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4324. Format of the information structure:
  4325.   * +0: dword: 8 = subfunction number
  4326.   * +4: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4327.   * +8: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4328.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4329.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4330.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of file, the rules of names forming are
  4331.     given in the general description
  4332.     or
  4333.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4334.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with file name
  4335. Returned value:
  4336.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4337.   * ebx destroyed
  4338. Remarks:
  4339.   * The function is not supported for CD (returns error code 2).
  4340.   * The function can delete only empty folders (attempt to delete
  4341.     nonempty folder results in error with code 10, "access denied").
  4342.  
  4343. ======================================================================
  4344. ============= Function 70, subfunction 9 - create folder. ============
  4345. ======================================================================
  4346. Parameters:
  4347.   * eax = 70 - function number
  4348.   * ebx = pointer to the information structure
  4349. Format of the information structure:
  4350.   * +0: dword: 9 = subfunction number
  4351.   * +4: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4352.   * +8: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4353.   * +12 = +0xC: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4354.   * +16 = +0x10: dword: 0 (reserved)
  4355.   * +20 = +0x14: ASCIIZ-name of folder, the rules of names forming are
  4356.     given in the general description
  4357.     or
  4358.   * +20 = +0x14: db 0
  4359.   * +21 = +0x15: dd pointer to ASCIIZ-string with folder name
  4360. Returned value:
  4361.   * eax = 0 - success, otherwise file system error code
  4362.   * ebx destroyed
  4363. Remarks:
  4364.   * The function is not supported for CD (returns error code 2).
  4365.   * The parent folder must already exist.
  4366.   * If target folder already exists, function returns success (eax=0).
  4367.  
  4368. ======================================================================
  4369. ========== Function 71, subfunction 1 - set window caption. ==========
  4370. ======================================================================
  4371. Parameters:
  4372.   * eax = 71 - function number
  4373.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  4374.   * ecx = pointer to caption string
  4375. Returned value:
  4376.   * function does not return value
  4377. Remarks:
  4378.   * String must be in the ASCIIZ-format. Disregarding real string
  4379.     length, no more than 255 characters are drawn.
  4380.   * Pass NULL in ecx to remove caption.
  4381.  
  4382. ======================================================================
  4383. =============== Function 72 - send message to a window. ==============
  4384. ======================================================================
  4385.  
  4386. - Subfunction 1 - send message with parameter to the active window. --
  4387. Parameters:
  4388.   * eax = 72 - function number
  4389.   * ebx = 1 - subfunction number
  4390.   * ecx = event code: 2 or 3
  4391.   * edx = parameter: key code for ecx=2, button identifier for ecx=3
  4392. Returned value:
  4393.   * eax = 0 - success
  4394.   * eax = 1 - buffer is full
  4395.  
  4396. ======================================================================
  4397. =============== Function -1 - terminate thread/process ===============
  4398. ======================================================================
  4399. Parameters:
  4400.   * eax = -1 - function number
  4401. Returned value:
  4402.   * function does not return neither value nor control
  4403. Remarks:
  4404.   * If the process did not create threads obviously, it has only
  4405.     one thread, which termination results in process termination.
  4406.   * If the current thread is last in the process, its termination
  4407.     also results in process terminates.
  4408.   * This function terminates the current thread. Other thread can be
  4409.     killed by call to subfunction 2 of function 18.
  4410.  
  4411. ======================================================================
  4412. =========================== List of events ===========================
  4413. ======================================================================
  4414. Next event can be retrieved by the call of one from functions 10
  4415. (to wait for event), 11 (to check without waiting), 23
  4416. (to wait during the given time).
  4417. These functions return only those events, which enter into a mask set
  4418. by function 40. By default it is first three,
  4419. there is enough for most applications.
  4420. Codes of events:
  4421.   * 1 = redraw event (is reset by call to function 0)
  4422.   * 2 = key on keyboard is pressed (acts, only when the window is
  4423.     active) or hotkey is pressed; is reset, when all keys from
  4424.     the buffer are read out by function 2
  4425.   * 3 = button is pressed, defined earlier by function 8
  4426.     (or close button, created implicitly by function 0;
  4427.     minimize button is handled by the system and sends no message;
  4428.     acts, only when the window is active;
  4429.     is reset when all buttons from the buffer
  4430.     are read out by function 17)
  4431.   * 4 = reserved (in current implementation never comes even after
  4432.     unmasking by function 40)
  4433.   * 5 = the desktop background is redrawed (is reset automatically
  4434.     after redraw, so if in redraw time program does not wait and
  4435.     does not check events, it will not remark this event)
  4436.   * 6 = mouse event (something happened - button pressing or moving;
  4437.     is reset at reading)
  4438.   * 7 = IPC event (see function 60 -
  4439.     Inter Process Communication; is reset at reading)
  4440.   * 8 = network event (is reset at reading)
  4441.   * 9 = debug event (is reset at reading; see
  4442.     debug subsystem)
  4443.   * 16..31 = event with appropriate IRQ
  4444.     (16=IRQ0, 31=IRQ15) (is reset after reading all IRQ data)
  4445.  
  4446. ======================================================================
  4447. =================== Error codes of the file system ===================
  4448. ======================================================================
  4449.   * 0 = success
  4450.   * 1 = base and/or partition of a hard disk is not defined
  4451.     (by subfunctions 7, 8 of function 21)
  4452.   * 2 = function is not supported for the given file system
  4453.   * 3 = unknown file system
  4454.   * 4 = reserved, is never returned in the current implementation
  4455.   * 5 = file not found
  4456.   * 6 = end of file, EOF
  4457.   * 7 = pointer lies outside of application memory
  4458.   * 8 = disk is full
  4459.   * 9 = FAT table is destroyed
  4460.   * 10 = access denied
  4461.   * 11 = device error
  4462. Application start functions can return also following errors:
  4463.   * 30 = 0x1E = not enough memory
  4464.   * 31 = 0x1F = file is not executable
  4465.   * 32 = 0x20 = too many processes
  4466.