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/*

 * Ogg muxer

 * Copyright (c) 2007 Baptiste Coudurier 

 *

 * This file is part of FFmpeg.

 *

 * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or

 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public

 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either

 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

 *

 * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU

 * Lesser General Public License for more details.

 *

 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public

 * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software

 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA

 */

#include "libavutil/crc.h"

#include "libavutil/mathematics.h"

#include "libavutil/opt.h"

#include "libavutil/random_seed.h"

#include "libavcodec/xiph.h"

#include "libavcodec/bytestream.h"

#include "libavcodec/flac.h"

#include "avformat.h"

#include "avio_internal.h"

#include "internal.h"

#include "vorbiscomment.h"

#define MAX_PAGE_SIZE 65025

typedef struct {

    int64_t start_granule;

    int64_t granule;

    int stream_index;

    uint8_t flags;

    uint8_t segments_count;

    uint8_t segments[255];

    uint8_t data[MAX_PAGE_SIZE];

    uint16_t size;

} OGGPage;

typedef struct {

    unsigned page_counter;

    uint8_t *header[3];

    int header_len[3];

    /** for theora granule */

    int kfgshift;

    int64_t last_kf_pts;

    int vrev;

    int eos;

    unsigned page_count; ///< number of page buffered

    OGGPage page; ///< current page

    unsigned serial_num; ///< serial number

    int64_t last_granule; ///< last packet granule

} OGGStreamContext;

typedef struct OGGPageList {

    OGGPage page;

    struct OGGPageList *next;

} OGGPageList;

typedef struct {

    const AVClass *class;

    OGGPageList *page_list;

    int pref_size; ///< preferred page size (0 => fill all segments)

    int64_t pref_duration;      ///< preferred page duration (0 => fill all segments)

} OGGContext;

#define OFFSET(x) offsetof(OGGContext, x)

#define PARAM AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM

static const AVOption options[] = {

    { "oggpagesize", "Set preferred Ogg page size.",

      offsetof(OGGContext, pref_size), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = 0}, 0, MAX_PAGE_SIZE, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},

    { "pagesize", "preferred page size in bytes (deprecated)",

        OFFSET(pref_size), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, { .i64 = 0 }, 0, MAX_PAGE_SIZE, PARAM },

    { "page_duration", "preferred page duration, in microseconds",

        OFFSET(pref_duration), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT64, { .i64 = 1000000 }, 0, INT64_MAX, PARAM },

    { NULL },

};

static const AVClass ogg_muxer_class = {

    .class_name = "Ogg muxer",

    .item_name  = av_default_item_name,

    .option     = options,

    .version    = LIBAVUTIL_VERSION_INT,

};

static void ogg_update_checksum(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, int64_t crc_offset)

{

    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);

    uint32_t checksum = ffio_get_checksum(pb);

    avio_seek(pb, crc_offset, SEEK_SET);

    avio_wb32(pb, checksum);

    avio_seek(pb, pos, SEEK_SET);

}

static int ogg_write_page(AVFormatContext *s, OGGPage *page, int extra_flags)

{

    OGGStreamContext *oggstream = s->streams[page->stream_index]->priv_data;

    AVIOContext *pb;

    int64_t crc_offset;

    int ret, size;

    uint8_t *buf;

    ret = avio_open_dyn_buf(&pb);

    if (ret < 0)

        return ret;

    ffio_init_checksum(pb, ff_crc04C11DB7_update, 0);

    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "OggS");

    avio_w8(pb, 0);

    avio_w8(pb, page->flags | extra_flags);

    avio_wl64(pb, page->granule);

    avio_wl32(pb, oggstream->serial_num);

    avio_wl32(pb, oggstream->page_counter++);

    crc_offset = avio_tell(pb);

    avio_wl32(pb, 0); // crc

    avio_w8(pb, page->segments_count);

    avio_write(pb, page->segments, page->segments_count);

    avio_write(pb, page->data, page->size);

    ogg_update_checksum(s, pb, crc_offset);

    avio_flush(pb);

    size = avio_close_dyn_buf(pb, &buf);

    if (size < 0)

        return size;

    avio_write(s->pb, buf, size);

    avio_flush(s->pb);

    av_free(buf);

    oggstream->page_count--;

    return 0;

}

static int ogg_key_granule(OGGStreamContext *oggstream, int64_t granule)

{

    return oggstream->kfgshift && !(granule & ((1<kfgshift)-1));

}

static int64_t ogg_granule_to_timestamp(OGGStreamContext *oggstream, int64_t granule)

{

    if (oggstream->kfgshift)

        return (granule>>oggstream->kfgshift) +

            (granule & ((1<kfgshift)-1));

    else

        return granule;

}

static int ogg_compare_granule(AVFormatContext *s, OGGPage *next, OGGPage *page)

{

    AVStream *st2 = s->streams[next->stream_index];

    AVStream *st  = s->streams[page->stream_index];

    int64_t next_granule, cur_granule;

    if (next->granule == -1 || page->granule == -1)

        return 0;

    next_granule = av_rescale_q(ogg_granule_to_timestamp(st2->priv_data, next->granule),

                                st2->time_base, AV_TIME_BASE_Q);

    cur_granule  = av_rescale_q(ogg_granule_to_timestamp(st->priv_data, page->granule),

                                st ->time_base, AV_TIME_BASE_Q);

    return next_granule > cur_granule;

}

static int ogg_reset_cur_page(OGGStreamContext *oggstream)

{

    oggstream->page.granule = -1;

    oggstream->page.flags = 0;

    oggstream->page.segments_count = 0;

    oggstream->page.size = 0;

    return 0;

}

static int ogg_buffer_page(AVFormatContext *s, OGGStreamContext *oggstream)

{

    OGGContext *ogg = s->priv_data;

    OGGPageList **p = &ogg->page_list;

    OGGPageList *l = av_mallocz(sizeof(*l));

    if (!l)

        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);

    l->page = oggstream->page;

    oggstream->page.start_granule = oggstream->page.granule;

    oggstream->page_count++;

    ogg_reset_cur_page(oggstream);

    while (*p) {

        if (ogg_compare_granule(s, &(*p)->page, &l->page))

            break;

        p = &(*p)->next;

    }

    l->next = *p;

    *p = l;

    return 0;

}

static int ogg_buffer_data(AVFormatContext *s, AVStream *st,

                           uint8_t *data, unsigned size, int64_t granule,

                           int header)

{

    OGGStreamContext *oggstream = st->priv_data;

    OGGContext *ogg = s->priv_data;

    int total_segments = size / 255 + 1;

    uint8_t *p = data;

    int i, segments, len, flush = 0;

    // Handles VFR by flushing page because this frame needs to have a timestamp

    // For theora, keyframes also need to have a timestamp to correctly mark

    // them as such, otherwise seeking will not work correctly at the very

    // least with old libogg versions.

    // Do not try to flush header packets though, that will create broken files.

    if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_THEORA && !header &&

        (ogg_granule_to_timestamp(oggstream, granule) >

         ogg_granule_to_timestamp(oggstream, oggstream->last_granule) + 1 ||

         ogg_key_granule(oggstream, granule))) {

        if (oggstream->page.granule != -1)

            ogg_buffer_page(s, oggstream);

        flush = 1;

    }

    // avoid a continued page

    if (!header && oggstream->page.size > 0 &&

        MAX_PAGE_SIZE - oggstream->page.size < size) {

        ogg_buffer_page(s, oggstream);

    }

    for (i = 0; i < total_segments; ) {

        OGGPage *page = &oggstream->page;

        segments = FFMIN(total_segments - i, 255 - page->segments_count);

        if (i && !page->segments_count)

            page->flags |= 1; // continued packet

        memset(page->segments+page->segments_count, 255, segments - 1);

        page->segments_count += segments - 1;

        len = FFMIN(size, segments*255);

        page->segments[page->segments_count++] = len - (segments-1)*255;

        memcpy(page->data+page->size, p, len);

        p += len;

        size -= len;

        i += segments;

        page->size += len;

        if (i == total_segments)

            page->granule = granule;

        if (!header) {

            AVStream *st = s->streams[page->stream_index];

            int64_t start = av_rescale_q(page->start_granule, st->time_base,

                                         AV_TIME_BASE_Q);

            int64_t next  = av_rescale_q(page->granule, st->time_base,

                                         AV_TIME_BASE_Q);

            if (page->segments_count == 255 ||

                (ogg->pref_size     > 0 && page->size   >= ogg->pref_size) ||

                (ogg->pref_duration > 0 && next - start >= ogg->pref_duration)) {

                ogg_buffer_page(s, oggstream);

            }

        }

    }

    if (flush && oggstream->page.granule != -1)

        ogg_buffer_page(s, oggstream);

    return 0;

}

static uint8_t *ogg_write_vorbiscomment(int offset, int bitexact,

                                        int *header_len, AVDictionary **m, int framing_bit)

{

    const char *vendor = bitexact ? "ffmpeg" : LIBAVFORMAT_IDENT;

    int size;

    uint8_t *p, *p0;

    unsigned int count;

    ff_metadata_conv(m, ff_vorbiscomment_metadata_conv, NULL);

    size = offset + ff_vorbiscomment_length(*m, vendor, &count) + framing_bit;

    p = av_mallocz(size);

    if (!p)

        return NULL;

    p0 = p;

    p += offset;

    ff_vorbiscomment_write(&p, m, vendor, count);

    if (framing_bit)

        bytestream_put_byte(&p, 1);

    *header_len = size;

    return p0;

}

static int ogg_build_flac_headers(AVCodecContext *avctx,

                                  OGGStreamContext *oggstream, int bitexact,

                                  AVDictionary **m)

{

    enum FLACExtradataFormat format;

    uint8_t *streaminfo;

    uint8_t *p;

    if (!avpriv_flac_is_extradata_valid(avctx, &format, &streaminfo))

        return -1;

    // first packet: STREAMINFO

    oggstream->header_len[0] = 51;

    oggstream->header[0] = av_mallocz(51); // per ogg flac specs

    p = oggstream->header[0];

    if (!p)

        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);

    bytestream_put_byte(&p, 0x7F);

    bytestream_put_buffer(&p, "FLAC", 4);

    bytestream_put_byte(&p, 1); // major version

    bytestream_put_byte(&p, 0); // minor version

    bytestream_put_be16(&p, 1); // headers packets without this one

    bytestream_put_buffer(&p, "fLaC", 4);

    bytestream_put_byte(&p, 0x00); // streaminfo

    bytestream_put_be24(&p, 34);

    bytestream_put_buffer(&p, streaminfo, FLAC_STREAMINFO_SIZE);

    // second packet: VorbisComment

    p = ogg_write_vorbiscomment(4, bitexact, &oggstream->header_len[1], m, 0);

    if (!p)

        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);

    oggstream->header[1] = p;

    bytestream_put_byte(&p, 0x84); // last metadata block and vorbis comment

    bytestream_put_be24(&p, oggstream->header_len[1] - 4);

    return 0;

}

#define SPEEX_HEADER_SIZE 80

static int ogg_build_speex_headers(AVCodecContext *avctx,

                                   OGGStreamContext *oggstream, int bitexact,

                                   AVDictionary **m)

{

    uint8_t *p;

    if (avctx->extradata_size < SPEEX_HEADER_SIZE)

        return -1;

    // first packet: Speex header

    p = av_mallocz(SPEEX_HEADER_SIZE);

    if (!p)

        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);

    oggstream->header[0] = p;

    oggstream->header_len[0] = SPEEX_HEADER_SIZE;

    bytestream_put_buffer(&p, avctx->extradata, SPEEX_HEADER_SIZE);

    AV_WL32(&oggstream->header[0][68], 0);  // set extra_headers to 0

    // second packet: VorbisComment

    p = ogg_write_vorbiscomment(0, bitexact, &oggstream->header_len[1], m, 0);

    if (!p)

        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);

    oggstream->header[1] = p;

    return 0;

}

#define OPUS_HEADER_SIZE 19

static int ogg_build_opus_headers(AVCodecContext *avctx,

                                  OGGStreamContext *oggstream, int bitexact,

                                  AVDictionary **m)

{

    uint8_t *p;

    if (avctx->extradata_size < OPUS_HEADER_SIZE)

        return -1;

    /* first packet: Opus header */

    p = av_mallocz(avctx->extradata_size);

    if (!p)

        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);

    oggstream->header[0] = p;

    oggstream->header_len[0] = avctx->extradata_size;

    bytestream_put_buffer(&p, avctx->extradata, avctx->extradata_size);

    /* second packet: VorbisComment */

    p = ogg_write_vorbiscomment(8, bitexact, &oggstream->header_len[1], m, 0);

    if (!p)

        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);

    oggstream->header[1] = p;

    bytestream_put_buffer(&p, "OpusTags", 8);

    return 0;

}

static int ogg_write_header(AVFormatContext *s)

{

    OGGContext *ogg = s->priv_data;

    OGGStreamContext *oggstream = NULL;

    int i, j;

    if (ogg->pref_size)

        av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "The pagesize option is deprecated\n");

    for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {

        AVStream *st = s->streams[i];

        unsigned serial_num = i;

        if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {

            if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_OPUS)

                /* Opus requires a fixed 48kHz clock */

                avpriv_set_pts_info(st, 64, 1, 48000);

            else

                avpriv_set_pts_info(st, 64, 1, st->codec->sample_rate);

        } else if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO)

            avpriv_set_pts_info(st, 64, st->codec->time_base.num, st->codec->time_base.den);

        if (st->codec->codec_id != AV_CODEC_ID_VORBIS &&

            st->codec->codec_id != AV_CODEC_ID_THEORA &&

            st->codec->codec_id != AV_CODEC_ID_SPEEX  &&

            st->codec->codec_id != AV_CODEC_ID_FLAC   &&

            st->codec->codec_id != AV_CODEC_ID_OPUS) {

            av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Unsupported codec id in stream %d\n", i);

            return -1;

        }

        if (!st->codec->extradata || !st->codec->extradata_size) {

            av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "No extradata present\n");

            return -1;

        }

        oggstream = av_mallocz(sizeof(*oggstream));

        oggstream->page.stream_index = i;

        if (!(st->codec->flags & CODEC_FLAG_BITEXACT))

            do {

                serial_num = av_get_random_seed();

                for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {

                    OGGStreamContext *sc = s->streams[j]->priv_data;

                    if (serial_num == sc->serial_num)

                        break;

                }

            } while (j < i);

        oggstream->serial_num = serial_num;

        av_dict_copy(&st->metadata, s->metadata, AV_DICT_DONT_OVERWRITE);

        st->priv_data = oggstream;

        if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_FLAC) {

            int err = ogg_build_flac_headers(st->codec, oggstream,

                                             st->codec->flags & CODEC_FLAG_BITEXACT,

                                             &st->metadata);

            if (err) {

                av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Error writing FLAC headers\n");

                av_freep(&st->priv_data);

                return err;

            }

        } else if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_SPEEX) {

            int err = ogg_build_speex_headers(st->codec, oggstream,

                                              st->codec->flags & CODEC_FLAG_BITEXACT,

                                              &st->metadata);

            if (err) {

                av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Error writing Speex headers\n");

                av_freep(&st->priv_data);

                return err;

            }

        } else if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_OPUS) {

            int err = ogg_build_opus_headers(st->codec, oggstream,

                                             st->codec->flags & CODEC_FLAG_BITEXACT,

                                             &st->metadata);

            if (err) {

                av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Error writing Opus headers\n");

                av_freep(&st->priv_data);

                return err;

            }

        } else {

            uint8_t *p;

            const char *cstr = st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VORBIS ? "vorbis" : "theora";

            int header_type = st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VORBIS ? 3 : 0x81;

            int framing_bit = st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VORBIS ? 1 : 0;

            if (avpriv_split_xiph_headers(st->codec->extradata, st->codec->extradata_size,

                                      st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VORBIS ? 30 : 42,

                                      oggstream->header, oggstream->header_len) < 0) {

                av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Extradata corrupted\n");

                av_freep(&st->priv_data);

                return -1;

            }

            p = ogg_write_vorbiscomment(7, st->codec->flags & CODEC_FLAG_BITEXACT,

                                        &oggstream->header_len[1], &st->metadata,

                                        framing_bit);

            oggstream->header[1] = p;

            if (!p)

                return AVERROR(ENOMEM);

            bytestream_put_byte(&p, header_type);

            bytestream_put_buffer(&p, cstr, 6);

            if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_THEORA) {

                /** KFGSHIFT is the width of the less significant section of the granule position

                    The less significant section is the frame count since the last keyframe */

                oggstream->kfgshift = ((oggstream->header[0][40]&3)<<3)|(oggstream->header[0][41]>>5);

                oggstream->vrev = oggstream->header[0][9];

                av_log(s, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "theora kfgshift %d, vrev %d\n",

                       oggstream->kfgshift, oggstream->vrev);

            }

        }

    }

    for (j = 0; j < s->nb_streams; j++) {

        OGGStreamContext *oggstream = s->streams[j]->priv_data;

        ogg_buffer_data(s, s->streams[j], oggstream->header[0],

                        oggstream->header_len[0], 0, 1);

        oggstream->page.flags |= 2; // bos

        ogg_buffer_page(s, oggstream);

    }

    for (j = 0; j < s->nb_streams; j++) {

        AVStream *st = s->streams[j];

        OGGStreamContext *oggstream = st->priv_data;

        for (i = 1; i < 3; i++) {

            if (oggstream->header_len[i])

                ogg_buffer_data(s, st, oggstream->header[i],

                                oggstream->header_len[i], 0, 1);

        }

        ogg_buffer_page(s, oggstream);

    }

    oggstream->page.start_granule = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;

    return 0;

}

static void ogg_write_pages(AVFormatContext *s, int flush)

{

    OGGContext *ogg = s->priv_data;

    OGGPageList *next, *p;

    if (!ogg->page_list)

        return;

    for (p = ogg->page_list; p; ) {

        OGGStreamContext *oggstream =

            s->streams[p->page.stream_index]->priv_data;

        if (oggstream->page_count < 2 && !flush)

            break;

        ogg_write_page(s, &p->page,

                       flush && oggstream->page_count == 1 ? 4 : 0); // eos

        next = p->next;

        av_freep(&p);

        p = next;

    }

    ogg->page_list = p;

}

static int ogg_write_packet(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt)

{

    AVStream *st = s->streams[pkt->stream_index];

    OGGStreamContext *oggstream = st->priv_data;

    int ret;

    int64_t granule;

    if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_THEORA) {

        int64_t pts = oggstream->vrev < 1 ? pkt->pts : pkt->pts + pkt->duration;

        int pframe_count;

        if (pkt->flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY)

            oggstream->last_kf_pts = pts;

        pframe_count = pts - oggstream->last_kf_pts;

        // prevent frame count from overflow if key frame flag is not set

        if (pframe_count >= (1<kfgshift)) {

            oggstream->last_kf_pts += pframe_count;

            pframe_count = 0;

        }

        granule = (oggstream->last_kf_pts<kfgshift) | pframe_count;

    } else if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_OPUS)

        granule = pkt->pts + pkt->duration + av_rescale_q(st->codec->delay, (AVRational){ 1, st->codec->sample_rate }, st->time_base);

    else

        granule = pkt->pts + pkt->duration;

    if (oggstream->page.start_granule == AV_NOPTS_VALUE)

        oggstream->page.start_granule = pkt->pts;

    ret = ogg_buffer_data(s, st, pkt->data, pkt->size, granule, 0);

    if (ret < 0)

        return ret;

    ogg_write_pages(s, 0);

    oggstream->last_granule = granule;

    return 0;

}

static int ogg_write_trailer(AVFormatContext *s)

{

    int i;

    /* flush current page if needed */

    for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {

        OGGStreamContext *oggstream = s->streams[i]->priv_data;

        if (oggstream->page.size > 0)

            ogg_buffer_page(s, oggstream);

    }

    ogg_write_pages(s, 1);

    for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {

        AVStream *st = s->streams[i];

        OGGStreamContext *oggstream = st->priv_data;

        if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_FLAC ||

            st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_SPEEX ||

            st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_OPUS) {

            av_freep(&oggstream->header[0]);

        }

        av_freep(&oggstream->header[1]);

        av_freep(&st->priv_data);

    }

    return 0;

}

AVOutputFormat ff_ogg_muxer = {

    .name              = "ogg",

    .long_name         = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("Ogg"),

    .mime_type         = "application/ogg",

    .extensions        = "ogg,ogv,spx,opus",

    .priv_data_size    = sizeof(OGGContext),

    .audio_codec       = AV_CODEC_ID_FLAC,

    .video_codec       = AV_CODEC_ID_THEORA,

    .write_header      = ogg_write_header,

    .write_packet      = ogg_write_packet,

    .write_trailer     = ogg_write_trailer,

    .flags             = AVFMT_TS_NEGATIVE,

    .priv_class        = &ogg_muxer_class,

};